Show NATIONS NATION'S I'S IS TRAFFIC BY BUAT till All American Vessels Counted and Their Tonn Tonnage ge To Told d to Public i r MILLIONS OF PASSENGERS Data for Those Interested in in Ship Subsidy or oi Panama Canal I The bureau l' of the census has lias haS Just Issued Issue a hu bulletin on on tr transportation n by ly vater prepared ur under er tho the dir direction n of William l Ham M sL i chief chet statistician t t n nf f for or r manufactures i ics s. s The rho b bulletin contains con con- con con- n- n a summary of of tho the m main in featUres features of oC a census of r transportation bywater by bywater water waler which covered the year car ending December 31 SI 1906 further details of which ar arp ro cr for tor separate parate re reTorts reports re- re Torts ports on the shipping on the Atlantic coast and Gulf of or Mexico the Pa Pacific coast the tho Great Lakes and ancl St 81 Lawr- Lawr enco enco- river tho Mississippi river and Its ts tributaries and amI all other inland waters respectively The Tue bulletin Include g the statistics for all al American rIcAn vessels or craft of five tons ton net register rester or over ever operated d on the coasts arid and inland wa watery cr of or the United States Porto Porte PortoRico Rico lice and anel tho the Hawaiian Islands or Between the ports of these an and other countries All craft arc are Included except except ex ox- those owned by the federal gov got government government those engaged In fishing and stationary wharf boats an and house hous houseboats boats boat used largely for residential purpose pur pur- po pose e i I IThe The rhe statistics c cover er 1 active craft crat with an aggregate aggregate- ato gross tonnage of and 1762 Idle craft croft with an an- aggregate gross Jross tonnage of G. G In 1889 1880 there w wore were re reported active actIe craft craft- with with with-an J ui aggregate a e gr gross s tonnage of or 83 and antI 1190 idle craft with an an ag aggregate regato gross tonnage of Of or the active craft tho the value increased from over o In 1889 to over In 1906 In n the same sarno period perlo 1 the gross Jross Income Increased from abOut 16 to about or 82 per vel cent the number of from about to about 1 or 8 per pel percent percent cent and the wages paid pattI from Crom about bout to about or n. n i pe per cent nt Important DM i i By far the largest part of 01 the theme Ameil- Ameil me mei 1 l Ican ran can shipping 2003 e vessels els with an aggregate tonna tonnage e of or more than O tons operate on the thc Atlantic coast and Gui GuJ Gulf of or Mexico The Tho next greatest number umber vessels with 11 1 1 tonnage of oc over o I is shown or lor oi the Mississippi river rl and Its tribu But Dut PO co o many of these yes yes- els reported from the Mississippi river tro iro coal barges and scows scow's that in of tho and larso nr m number anil great nt 0 o o it una t u 2 3 arid axI the income only about 1 The Che smaller number r of or Vessels on the Great Greal Lakes 2990 represented a n. value alue of over cr and anti derived an Income of over CG Shipping on the Pacific coast showed a n. great rent proportionate increase and did bu business s valued at out DecreasIng ln Inq C U-o U c of Sailing cL The substantial Increase in Ameri Amerl American can cal shipping Is due tine entirely to the I Increase Increase nerease In steam Ves vessels ves 18 and unrigged unrIgged un un- un- un rigged craft as the number of oC sailing e ls decreased over o 10 per cent i while their tonnage e Increased but 17 per cent Between 1889 an and the he number of at steam vessels Increased from from to or or per cent their tonnage ton ton- i nag nage from to 21 or 1374 per cent and their value from Crom I 7 to or i 19 per cent This Increase moreover was gent general ral on nil all waters except the Mississippi r and Its tributaries where the tonnage actually cJ decreased The Increase et ill in gross tonnage Is shown for or the tho steam vessels vs ls operating on tho tue At- At Atlantic At lantic lanUe coast an and Gulf GuU of or Mexico In InI gross tonnage the lar largest est Increase I one of tons was tons was reported from Crom the Great Lakes s. s and resulted front from the recent con construction of oC lar large c vessels to carr carry ore and grain If TC the tugs tug and other towing voss vessels yes ves s sels ls aro are regarded as ns pert part of or the freight equipment 67 1 per cent of the steam vessels were engaged as freight t and passenger boats Yachts although forming a considerable proportion of or orthe the number of steam e vessels are arc of oC comparatively little commercial importance im im- im- im lerr Ferryboats boats which numbered number number- e ed formed r S Dt 1 per per- percent cent number number-I of at all steam vessels Jy Million Ferry P During th the year 1906 according to the tho census ferryboats carried 3 pas en Is I's s over o 63 cf per c cent nt of whom were carried lJ by the ferries In Inand and anil around Now York harbor Of tho the total number 1 l passengers gers sers rode rode out ort regular ferryboats and 20 on Son municipal ferryboats arr boats While I the tue income of or ferryboats Is derived 10 de thed rived lar largely cly from carrying these pas pas- In some som cases particularly on tho Mississippi river and Us Its tributaries the ferrying of wagons teams and l II cattle cattle m and the and d the the carriage of or freight t arcIn are arc In excess tho the passenger business On railroad ferries carrying passenger passenger pas pas- er coaches It H Is estimated 3 G 12 additional persons persons were Carried These car ferries s form connecting links links links-in In railway systems ms and transport for tor snort short distances whole trains of I cars cars' without disturbing tho the passengers or tho freight r l ht S ht Moro More o Than finn J l. l In IT nearly 1 net tons of freight ht were b by vessels of oC the United States Slates In BOG 1900 over o nOt net tons w wore were re so carried an nn of If over 1 per cent The proportionate increases for freight car car- r- r sled on the tle Atlantic coast const and Gulf GuIr of or Mexico and on the the- Great Lakes LaJes were even cven considerably larger On the basis of oC tonna tonnage e moved coal coalla Is la the mo most t Important Item of freight In the ilie water c commerce of oC the United States Tho The movement amounting to over t tons Is composed chiefly of oC shipments of hard coal from railway terminals l on the New Jersey coast for consumption Tor-consumption In Greater New NewYork York YOlk and and- nd of soft coal from Atlantic ports farther south Next to coal the greatest tonn tonnage ge Is for Iron ore the transportation of f which Is concentrated concentrated concentrated con con- on th tho Great Lakes In 1889 shipments of Iron ore amounted to about about- OO tons in 1906 to over O tons tone an sun Increase of oy over oyer r 1 0 per cent In the Great Lakes region large quantities of g grain ain ain- 29 tons were toni were transported b by w water tel ter Considerable decreases arc 10 shown in tlC tie shipments of lumber and o of Ice J Tho rie o decrease r eln in the former formel Is duo due to toI tolie the lie exhaustion of or the forests forets near I I water courses th that t in the latter to the great Increase in the use of m manu manufactured nu- nu ice Iron and Steel cl Construction Con One One One-of of the striking facts fact brought it out b 1 by the- the report is Js the rapid Increase e in the tho u use o of Iron and ant s steel eel as JS s materials for Cor the tho construction o of vessels The first c census sus su's at which tho construction of or iron of-iron iron and steel n arid and d of wooden vessels yes ves sels ads was given ghen separately was that thal of or 1 1880 In that year ear 2 per cent only of or the tho total value allo o of new construction was of r Iron fron and steel l In 1890 the proportion pro pro- portion was 4 per por ent cent In 1900 71 per cent and n 1 In laO 1905 81 7 per cent Or to state slate this increase In Inter ter terms of tonnage c Instead of or value In 1906 the gross t tonnage reported for Cor vessels constructed of Iron and steel exceeded the gross tonnage reported in 1889 by 27 1505 tons toris ar an increase of f. f more than 5 0 per cent More than half of bt this Increase O occurred on the Gr Great al Lakes keg where the tonnage of or wooden vessels vessel actually decreased A further separation of the statistics t for r Iron an and 1 st steel el vessels shows the great rent Importance of or tonnage for steel as ns compared with that for Cor iron wood or materials In 1906 no noless noless less than 6 62 4 per cent of or the tonnage of ot the oio steam vessels was wan reported for forsee see steel vessels ss ls Because of ot their comparatively ol small size wooden vessels still predominate amon among the tho sailing vessels es and the unrigged unrigged un un- un- un rigged eel craft 1 1 cr Cr and Pi Propulsion n. n C Comparative AtI figures to lO show how hw the In Increase Increase increase In- In crease In are arc wanting but by 13 assuming ig that the average horsepower horsepower horsepower horse horse- power per ton was was tIle the same rome in 1889 as In 1906 namely 85 So one hundredths of oC a horsepower the tho a actual tuaI Increase Is found to be mall nearly horse horse- power power Of or the total horsepower re reported reported reported re- re ported In 1906 per cent its us steam and 2 21 1 per cent gasoline the 88 horsepower reported as electric Is In the tho sJ shape of or stora storage o batteries on tev n small yachts yacht With tho Increased size of ot vessels has come the tho more general use of the I screw prop propeller ll r. r Introduced Into the uri United Drifted St States In 1841 the screw pro pro- i I peller pellet In 1906 was tho m means ans of or propulsion propulsion pro pro- pro pro-I of or 80 1 per cent of all alle ves e sels n find of 86 3 per per Q of the tho entire groES gross Stern wheels w were re ft In ute use the o the next largest n number of ve ves's vess ves- ves s 's VS l lh 4 I De pew pe c nt of wre rc ft In tho the l Ils Mississippi River district the side wheel t type pe sU still predominates among amoni ferryboats honts ncr 3 1 uSe Uso of Cun Is S In 1880 th the amount of freight passIng passIng pass pass- Ing Ingo through the canals canals- and canalized rivers of tho United d States w was s In Iii r round und numbers tons in 1889 tons and in 1906 1 tons an Increase of over per cent between 1880 and arid 1906 This Increase has resulted wholly from tho the Increased use o of government cal canals which are aro ship canals and canalized rivers the u use o of or canals under un un- cJ dot der r state tato and corporation control l largely of ot the smaller mn cr type has steadily decreased In 1880 only per cent o 0 of tho the canal traffic was on oni ship canals In 1889 the Uto percentage was was aas and In 1906 S. G G In striking contrast to this great grent increase v In Inthe tho the canal freight movements movements movements move move- ments Is the ho comparatively small Increase In Increase Increase In- In crease crease in the the canals and c canalized rivers ers The total mileage of oC c canals c constructed and of or rivers lI pro improved b by canalization between and was was l miles mile In the same samo period however 71 miles were abandoned so that the Increase In the mileage In use was only miles The whole Increase comes practically practically in the tile canalized rivers In canals opera operated tell under state or corporation corporation corporation cor cor- ownership tho old canals abandoned exceed the new ne constructed by somewhat over o miles BH t lc-t Canni in in the World Tho Tue busi busiest st canal in the tho world is the St St. Marys lars Falls canal cO connecting Lake Superior with Lako Lake Huron In 1906 the net tonnage of vessels passIng piss pass Ing Ino through this tills canal was three o times as great as that through the Suez canal and marc more than seven se times limes as great reat as as' as that through the Raiser Wilhelm or Kiel Kid canal This I Is tho the more noteworthy not note worthy worth since the St St. Mar Mars Marys s Falls canal on t c account of oC the severity se of ot the cold Is 19 open to traffic for only about eight months of the tho year while the others are open twelve Tho Increased u use o oo o of the St St. Mar Marys i s 's Falls Fans canal anal has been tremendous I In 1880 only tons went through in 1889 tons and In 1906 u 7 tons an amount 3 n 73 per cent greater than thanIn thanIn In 1880 anti and per peI cent greater great r than In 1869 1889 |