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Show THE HELPER TIMES. HELPER, UTAH the British and American manders-ln-chlef- "7. That qsestion of arms and equipment be settled In similar general Pershing's manner." War Council Meets Again. The supreme war council began its third session January 30. At the opening session Mr. Lloyd George made a statement in some detail of the situation on the allied fronts. He then spoke of the large number of casualties the allies bad suffered during 1917 and In a very pointed manner declared that the costly offensives bad produced no tangible results. But Instead, he said, the allies now found themselves short of man power at a His critical period of the war. sharp criticism was evidently directed at Sir Douglas Haig and General Robertson, but neither was given an opportunity to reply. The military representatives presented a joint note with reference to military policy, as directed at the December meeting, and the opinion given was Identical with that of the conference at Compiegne January 24 and also In August at the meeting In Paris, except that the campaigu under General Allenby, then In progress tn Palestine, "should continue. The Joint note was approved as the decision of the council, with the understanding, as suggested by the French, that no white troops should be sent from France to Palestine. It was decidedly the opinion of M. Clemenceau and of all others present who expressed themselves that the war could not be ended until 1919 when the American army, It was thought, would reach its maximum strength. The allied forces at the moment were superior In all active fronts, except in the Balkans, but the Stonj of the A. E. F. (Coprrlitt. 1931, la ill coantrtM br thm North Americas Newspaper Alliance. World hju yd. indadins tne Scandinavian. Reproduction in whole o in put prohibited.) WNU Service Btj Qetieral riihts CHAPTER XXVII Every one In authority realized that all resources the allies could muster would be required to meet successfully the great offensive of the central powers expected In the spring, but to use them effectively comclose among be Imperative. would manders With this In mind I proposed to premier Clemenceau that the commanders In chief and chiefs of staff get together to examine the situation and if possible determine a general program of combined action. M. Clemenceau at once approved It was also favorthe suggestion. ably received by General Foch, who. It will be recalled, was chief el the French general staff. I that the meeting be held at .ny headquarters, but the FrenchG. selected Compiegne, Fetaln's H. Q. At the meeting, January 24, 1918, Robertson, for the British, spoke first, and suggested a general statement as to: (1) Mutual support between allied armies. (2) Situation as to reserves. (3) Question oljrtroops in Italy. (4) Situation as to the transportation of the American army and facilities given It in France. Petain Favored Defensive. General Petain thought that for the present the allies would be forced to remain on the defensive because of lack of men. He said the French army had 97 divisions with an Infantry strength of from 6,000 to 6,000 men each, some thirty odd of these divisions being In reserve and the rest in the trenches, besides'eight cavalry divisions, two of which were dismounted and six mounted. All divisions he thought could be kept up until April If there should be no fighting, but later on, even without a battle, he would have to break up five divisions to maintain the others, the six mounted cavalry divisions would have to be reduced to four, and before the end of the year the total force would have to be reduced by 20 divisions. Foch Was for Counteroffensive. General Foch declared that the best means of halting a strong and persistent offensive was a powerful counteroffensive. , "The German offensive at Verdun as stopped not by our resistance there but by our offensive on the Bomme In 1916," said General Foch. only ""ta'Such aii operation is possiblebeforewhen foreseen and prepared In planning the hand. pro-kpse- d counter-offensiv- e I think that the entire front must be considered as a whole and not the French as one part and the British as another. The plan must envisage them together preparing for offensive action on a common battle field with all the forces at their disposal." General Itobertson expressed accord with Foch, but he did not see where or with what means such an offensive could be executed, and stated that the war could not be won by remaining on the defensive. "Give us back the troops from Salonika and we will commence offensives," said General Ilnig. "We were not speaking of offensives, but of counteroffensives," General Foch replied. General Itobertson remarked that of course the French and British could reinforce each other and and then make counterattacks, asked : "Could they do more than that?" -- Not without the Americans," General Petain answered him. Dependent Upon U. S. General Robertson then said: "I tllTiik our only hope lies in American reserves," and he wanted to hear from me. I stated that but few of the al- jtltifi authorities seemed to realize American participation would depend upon the amount of shipping available for the transportation of our troops, and that the time when they would be needed was near at hand. As there had been some reference to amalgamation, I also took the point occasion to emphasize that we expected as a matter of course that the American army would have Its own front as an Independent force and not be used merely as a reserve to be sent here and there. One Insuperable reason, I said, why we could not amal-- . wata with the French, was the difference In language, and I added that we would not use our troops In that way at all unless It became absolutely necessary. I then discussed our problems, calling attention to the delays at the French ports and our shortage of rail transportation, and touched on the backward state of procurement of equipment, munitions and airplanes. They all appeared surprised to lenrn of our difficulties, especially General Foch, although, even as chief of the general staff, he apparently could not Interfere in matters handled directly by the It was astonishing to ministry. any find how little comprehension of them hud of the enormous task Hint confronted the Americans. Foch said: "None of these quos-- me," has been referred t tlons 4 Petain retorti'il that whereupon "one ulimild nut wait until such things are brought to his attention, Ik but should look around and find lliem." Petain iiddc'l fit one' that if he would send an Villicial to study 4 our situation, and lln!g later sent one of hif officer, who offered iimuiy suggestions out of his own " experience. Bliss Favors British Plan. Conversations with General Robertson continued the next day at fthat .com . John J. Pershing the Crillon hotel In Paris, with General Bliss present. The same arguments were repeated in favor of Incorporating American units Into British divisions, and General Bliss expressed himself in favor I was of the Robertson plan. forced to declare myself then and there. My stand was not quite what General Robertson had expected, and the meeting adjourned with the position of all concerned no longer in doubt General Bliss and I met later by appointment to talk the matter over between ourselves and. If pos sible, come to an understanding. After some discussion he suggested that each of us cable his views to Washington and ask for a decision. It was not my policy then or at any other time to put anything up to Washington that I could possibly decide myself. This would have been the last thing to do In this case, especially as the secretary had left in my bands the determination as to how our troops should be employed. For two men In our positions to have appealed In this way would have indicated a clash, and Wash- Greek mobilization, when completington had enough trouble ; besides, add sufficient strength to the secretary could not possibly ed, would allies the advantage there have been sufficiently In touch with give the The American strength was the undercurrent of these negotia also. then negligible, but the prospect tions to make a wise decision. a few So 1 said: "Well, Bliss, do you was that we should have know what would happen If we more divisions ready for service by should do that? We would both June, and by September34 possibly 17 or the equivalent of French be relieved from further duty In divisions. France, and that is exactly what The danger on the western front we should deserve. We then spent some time exam- lay in the continuous Increase of the German forces and in their ining the question from all angles, until finally he came around to my ability to concentrate In turn view and said : "1 think you are against the French and British, and as neither had sufficient reright, and I shall back you up In serves of their own it was clear the position you have taken." that unless some arrangement could be made between them for CHAPTER XXVIII and support Once General Bliss and I had better war might easily be lost before reached an understanding as to our the Americans should arrive. attitude toward amalgamation of the Reserve. Plan Allied British he with the gave pur troops The study of this problem by the me his support In later confer ences. When we saw the British military representatives led to an- - were greater than the qnartermas ter department could meet, but the relativeiy small number of troops In France going through the win- tection. The deficiencies were met In part by purchases from the British, although our men did not take kindly to the idea of wearing the uniform of another nation, and it was with considerable protest and chagrin that they did so until our own could be supplied. To the credit of our officers and men be it said that they generally Ignored adverse conditions, and, barring some Irritation at French methods and occasionally at our own, they kept at their tasks with commendable determination. Looking back over the different phases of the war I regard that winter, with Its difficulties, anxieties and apprehension for the future, as the most trying period of them all. XXIX At the ports In France the amount of freight discharged in January. 1918, was more encourags as much ing, being about as during the preceding seven months. The rate of discharge was accelerated to some extent by the better distribution of our transCHAPTER two-fifth- ports by the navy. More construction material was being delivered where It was needed for port works and the future was somewhat clarified In this respect by the arrival of additional logging machinery. During the month there was also an Increase in troop shipments, including some elements of the ond (Haan's) division, with 20,000 men for the service of supply. By the end of January approximately 120,000 combat troops, 34,000 engineer troops and 01,000 others for the service of supply were in France. Although promising, this was only the merest start, as we were still far behind our schedule. It must be added, however, that the increase in the arrivals of men and materials remained hapllnzard and not at all In the proportions needed. Thirty-sec- It coutinued apparent that my recommendations werts not accepted In an altogether unhesitating spirit of helpfulness and that the serious need for executive leadership back home had not been met My diary notes the following: Chaumont, Monday, Feb. 18, 1918. General Foch and Major General Weygand visited headquarters Thursday, bad luncheon with us and examined the general staff organization. Captain Todd, director of naval construction, came to confer regarding wireless stations at Bordeaux. and Sunday visiting First division In Ansauville sector; Inspected Infantry in front-lintrenches and the artillery. Called on General Debeny, French First army. Returned this morning, stopping at aviation park, Arthur Maj. Camouflage Page commanding. work exceptionally well done. Passed through Miracourt to see General de Castelnau, who speaks highly of our troops. As General Foch, then chief of the French general staff, had shown some surprise when at the allied meeting at Compiegne In January I told of the delays and difficulties we were having at the ports and In the operation of railways, I invited him to make a visit to my headquarters, hoping to put him In touch with our activities. e (P f ir s! St.Naza7Mw)-,,- jff. iymu2L9 Neufchteau tofr&sr nr uV, f ) hf f I. j JfJf MarsiHl.., . FZ Cylinder Into Air Pump We had already reached a state of development that confirmed the soundness of our organization and could forecast Its ability to meet all requirements. I went with him Towns and Railroads used bylhe American Army to the various sections of the general staff and while he expressed Genere! Headquarters A.E1? Belgian Sector uo opinion about what he saw, his Battle Line Britjsh Sector Headquarters S.O.S ( aide and spokesman, General WeyPorts Main i Lines I i gand, a staff officer of experience, ronroaoa f O Important Towns Secondary Lines was very complimentary. International Foch never seemed interested .co mo Mile Forest i a when I talked with him of our Boundary problems and I doubt whether he representative for further talks at other joint note which proposed a ever thought, knew or cared much Versailles January 29, 1918, all their plan for the organization of a gen- about organization or questions of arguments were met frankly and eral allied reserve. It provided transportation and supply. He was After they had present- that the British. French and Italian essentially a student and a teacher squarely. ed their case Prime Minister Lloyd armies each set apart a certain of history and strategy. "Treated Like Mendicants." George asked Bliss for his views, number of divisions to constitute There continued to be considerthis reserve, which would be called to which he replied: "Pershing will speak for us and Into action only In a great emer- able cause to find fault with the whatever he says with regard to gency. The discussion of this ques- attitude and methods of French the disposition of the American tion became acrimonious. Haig bureau officials. and Petain both pointed out that Apropos the experience of many troops will have my approval." An agreement was then signed they would be short of divisions of our officers, I recall that one of by Mr. Lloyd George, General very soon in case of severe fighting the most efficient on duty at a very Maurice and myself as set forth In and presented figures on the sub- Important port once said to me: the trouble Is that "General, the following copy of the memoran- ject that were very disturbing. dum submitted and later cabled to But the council's scheme was these subordinate French officials In immediate charge are either so cut and dried. The recommendaWashington. "In order to meet the situation tions set forth In the note were hidebound or else so conceited that as presented by Sir William Rob- adopted then and there by the it would be as easy to convince a ertson and hasten the arrival and council. The general reserve was Greek statue as to make one of How in the training of troops. It Is proposed created and Its control was placed them understand. that the British government use under an executive war board to world It happens, sir, that we do so the available sea transportation In consist of Generals Foch, repre- well I do not see. "Here we have come 3,000 miles question for bringing over the per- senting the French, chairman; sonnel of entire divisions under Bliss, the Americans; Cadorna, the to help the'fl and yet we are treatlike v indicants on the street the following conditions: Italians, and a British general offi- ed corner heading a tin cup for pass"1. That the Infantry and aux- cer to be named. At this meeting Mr. Lloyd George ing penn'"?s. iliary troops of these divisions be that trained with British divisions by designated Gen. Sir Henry Wilson Is "I know, sir, If we hope to win the battalions, under such plan as may as British representative, to the warnecessary an excessive efbut it be agreed upon. very evident disappointment of fort on ourrequires part, with more fail"2. That the artillery be trained General Robertson, who was presures than otherwise to our credit." under American direction In the ent at the session. The selection This was harsh comment but use of French material as at pres- of Wilson was regarded by the there were times In the British high command and the war of most officers when It experience ent. seemed to office as open disapproval of their "3. That the higher commanders fit the case fairly well. and staff officers be assigned for conduct of the war. Officers Found Lax. It has been said that the winter training and experience with corWith reference to the Inspection British the of 1917-1units most of severe was the of responding trip noted in my diary, I had rearmy. the war. The cold was nt times so cently Inspected several stations "4. That when sufficiently trained, Intense sis to make the generally unand liourhonne-lolike Viltel these battalions be reformed into healed houses, barn and lofts Bains which were commanded by artilthe when that and used ns billets nearly uninhabitregiments regular officers, of whom, natural lery Is fully trained all the units able. The gloom of short days and ly, much was expected, but before united be division each comprising lung nights In the Isolated and the World war our army had alunder their own officers for serv- largely depopulated Flench villages ways been more or less careless in ice. can hardly he described. dress and none too strict when tn "5. That the above plan be carThen, as we have seen, there the Held, and these were no excepried out without Interference with was also a shortage of heavy wintion to the rule. Even higher com the plans now In operation for ter clothing, although frequent mamlers were often found neglectcaliles early in the fall had called ful of their bringing over American forces. appearance and lax In f ft the "(i. That question of supply tie attention to the probability enforcement of discipline. No demands doubt the between 1115 deficiency. CONTINI fcli ) (TO arranged by agreement .. I i s that can be screwed Into the spark plug hole of one of A new device ter under actual war conditions should have been given first consideration. Much of the clothing that we received for our troops looked to be shoddy, and, being light and thin, of course offered insufficient pro- Left Friday, spent Saturday I Device Convert Auto '.4 -- - -- the auto's cylinders turns that cylinder into an air pump that will produce two and a half cubic feet of free air per minute. This much air Is sufficient to spray oil paint, germicide, Insecticide, and liquids, says I'opular Science Monthly. On the down stroke of the piston In the cylinder to which the device Is fitted, the piston sucks In outside valve. air through a On the up stroke, this valve closes and another opens, allowing the air to flow Into a storage tank or Into the pipe leading to the spray equipment If more air is needed than can be obtained from one cylinder In this way, two of the devices can be used at the same time so as to double the output. It Is designed to work ut an engine speed equivalent to a road speed of 20 miles an hour. - spring-operate- Feel 100 Younger If you feel older than your years it " and unhappy if you are you lone for the vitality and enthusiasm of youth you can fight weakness and aid Nature by taking Fellows' Syrup. It builds up the weakened system by restoring what Nature demands. The result is an immediate improvement in appetite. You eat better, sleep better, and feel years younger. There is new pleasure in living as your stamina and strength return. After the first few doses of this wonderful tonic the results will delight you. Ask your druggist for the genuine Fellows' Syrup. "run-down- Wings Added to Bicycle Feathered wings have been added to a bicycle by a mechanic In Aus tria, who expects to make great speed with the device. A tiny gasoline motor mounted over the front wheel causes the wings to flap by moans of a rope and pulley arrangement. The wings have a horizontal as well as vertical motion. The artificial feathers are declared to be weatherproof. FELLOWS' SYRUP IPfl PARKER'S HAIR BALSAM Rmovet Dandruff Stops Hair Killing I ImparU Color- and Beauty to Gray and Faded Hair 0 and 11.00 at Drngguu. FTtecoi Chem. Wkg..Palchog;e,N.T FLORESTON SHAMPOO Ideal for nu in connection with Parker's Hair Balsam.Makes the hair soft and fluffy. 60 cent by mail or at drufr- guts, iliscox loemicai worlu, ratchosoe, . X. Find Builders' Secrets in Cupola of Pantheon Architects who have been repairing the cupola of the Pantheon, which with the Colosseum Is the most important of Rome's monuments, claim they have discovered the secret of the building methods of the ancient Romans In flinging the vast arches of the dome up from the already high building on which It rests. The discoveries are of extreme Importance from a technical point of view, It Is said, for Michelangelo himself, who built the dome of Saint Peter's, admitted that he was baffled by the dome of the Pantheon, and previous to Michelangelo, Brunsellesclu, builder of the dome of the Florence cathedral, made careful measurements and studies of the Pantheon dome in preparation for his Florence labors, but was never able to solve the mystery of how the old Roman archi- lev nge fe-- .PI fl leson disease! them SHE Kill quick! IS n eaaanlnJaWl Largest Seller In 121 Countries Salt Lake City's lowest Hotel ..,..!iw 5 , i I HAii--- ! Bagpipes Help Launching 1 Two kilted Scots loudly played bagpipes to give a Scottish atmosphere at the launching In Dumbarton, Scotland, of the gayly motor vessel Lochfyne. Lady Stamp christened the vessel, and the pipers played "The Road to the Isles" as it slid down to the water. No Practice Gert How was the new boy friend you dated with last night? I MyrtleSlow am", awkwtrd. think he learned his necking by lit l iL HOTEL TEMPLE SQUARE 200 Rooms 200 Tile Baths Radio connection in every room. RATES FROM 1.50 mail. Just oppotite Mormon TabtrnocU ERNEST C. ROSSITER, Mgr. There are hypocrlt-- g who do a lot of kindly acts In this world. Give them that much credit. W. N. U., Salt Lake City, No. 31. AH the good of which humanity Is It !s worth four hours' work a day in one's garden to have all the capable Is comprised In obedience. roses one wants for bouquets. J. Stuart Mill. At Every Point of the Compass Cutieura Preparations Await Your Approval Soap, pure and fragrant, used daily, cleanses and purifies, the Ointment, antiseptic and Dealing, removes pimples or rashes, the Talcum, pure and smooth, The tects worked. is ideal after bathing and shaving. The new Cutieura Shaving Cream gives a rich, creamy lather that remains moist throughout the shave. Heard at a Party "Separated, have hey? And It as a case of love at first sight." "Which I have noticed, my dear, iften ends in divorce at firs: slight." -- Soap 25e. Ointment 25c and SOe. Talrom 25c, Shivioa Cream 35c Proprietors I Potter Vrng & Chemical Corporation, Maiden, Mae. Try the new CuUenra Shaving Cream. y America is not as young as supposed, for the scientific s In old timbers study of found in New Mexico proves definitely that dwellings were erected there as early as 700 A. D., which was nearly eight centuries before the heyday of Columbus. Collier's Weekly. pen-eralJ- Large Birda Disappearing The biological survey says that the number of small birds In the United States Is Increasing, while the number of large birds is decreasing. Large birds have been bunted more than small ones, and they suffer more when woods and forests are cleared. Still It's Vague "The making of dictionaries Is expensive," says an ad. "Just think, for instance, how much money and blood has been spent to get a universal definition of 'morality.'" Los Angeles Times. tree-ring- Writer In a woman's magn.ine says there are very few husbands left. Still you can run across 'em now and again. Only the other day we heard of a fellow who Insisted on his wife helping him with the dishes. Border City Star. Repentance True repentance has a double aspect; It looks upon things past with a weeping eye. and upon the future with a watchful eye. Ilosea Ballou. Birds Travel Far The nrctlc tern, a species of sea gull, makes the round trip from the Arctic to the Antarctic region each year, a! journey of 22,000 miles ; the tiny humming bird of North America winters in South America. Condemned by Franklin When the Society of the Cincinnati was formed In 178", it was characterized by Benjamin Franklin as "as rapid a stride toward an hereditary millinery nobility as ever Learn From a Wife An eiplorer has combed two con tinents j for the material for an hour's (lecture. Many a woman can find material for that ifluch in her huisband's pockets. Arkansas Famous Observatory And Cares Less The early American who settled the fate of the nation nightly around the stove In the general store left a grandson who doesn't know what ward he lives in. Detroit Ne,ws. was made." Gazette,' t In Wilson Mount California, where the well known observatory is located, Is In the San Gabriel mountains, overlooking the city of Pasadena, in Los Angeles county. How About Solomon, says an authority, had 1,000 wives and wrote 1,005 lyrics. Our office cynic wonders what the five other grievances were. Ham-- " ilton (Ontario) Spectator. War Money Preserved set of French paper money Issued In towns and villages near the trenches during the World war is in the Imperial War Home Garden Hint Sift the earth, to be used In pots or boxefj for starting seeds of annuals ii the house. It Is easily done b., using a common kitchen sieve, find Is well worth the ef fort. A complete museum In London, Revolutionary Term Sputter dashers was a term to the half gaiters or full gaiters which were part (f thp uniform of our Revolutionary soldiers, Empty existence is bad enotigh, but life must be truly hen there is nothing to tragic put in I the hand. Morganstown Dominion News. ' d Word's Real Meaning The Eskimo word "i'lu"' is not a ns is ususynonym fur snowhous-eally thought, but means any house or shelter from the weather. Beaver' Useful Tail The muscles in a beaver's tall are very powerful, and the beaver can lisp them to turn the tail in almost any direction desired. Pigeon Unique The pigeon Is the only bird that drinks by suction. All other birds take water into their mouths and throw their heads back iu order to swallow.- Unselfish Patriot The Colombian conrros voted Simon l!"livar "The Liberator," n pension of $;:0,0iK), but he did not accept it. Author Long Unknown The identity of the author of the Wnverley novels was kept a secret fur l.'l years. Queen Bee's Double Duty The queen bee lays both fertilized and unfertilized eggs. The u n fort Ui zed eggs hatch Into drones. Hence drones may be said to have no father, or It may be said that the queen bee Is both the father and the mother. Pernicious Doctrine Stop your cars to the people who preach the doctrine of uniwhich Is versal only another way for universal Dr. L. P. Jacks. Butter Qualities There Is no difference In the quality of butter manufactured from the milk of two different breeds of cows when the diet and process of manufacture have been the same. Falsehood's Evil dealing Is the honor of man's nature: and a mixture of falsehood is like alloy In gold and silver, which may make the metal work the better, but it embaseth it. Round Bacon. Man's Standby Doomed Revolving doors for homes are now suggested. Here goes downtrodden man's last mode You can't slastf a revolving door. Arkansas Gazette. Richelieu's Cutting Comment Richelieu made the remark, "The English are cutting off the best head of their country," when he heard of the beheading of the earl of Strafford In 1041. Plural Plagiarists that other Before complaining writers steal one's stuff, it's Just as well to wait until the real author has been forgotten. University Endowments Harvard university has an dowment of SSrt.702.R43; university, S0.1..W.41G; versity, $jS.021,4.".r. en- Columbia Yale uni- Social Error A high court has held that voice training Is not n trade. Most of the neighbors ca.'l It a mistake. Indianapolis Star. Much in Love of Truth To love truth for trmh's sake, Is (lie principal part of human perfection In this world. Locke. Martin Luther's Death Martin Luther died nt his early home at Ki lehen In l.'M! of general dcliilily caused by hard work. |