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Show r THE HELPER TIMES. HELPER. ITTAH tmy ff fit A (Copyright, 1931, In all countries by the North American Newspaper Alliance. World rights reserved, Including the Scandinavian, Reproduction in whole W N U Scrrico or in part prohibited.) CHAPTER XXXI pertaining to three divisions, the If the responsibility had been Third, Fifth and Seventy-seventh- , 1 should not have hesitated a would be sent at once, and those of mine moment to put Into the battle any three other divisions about May 1. or all of our five divisions then In Replying April 3 to the departFrance. The First was the only ment's cable, I emphasized that it one used for the time being, the was "not Intended that our units shall replace the losses of British others being placed In quiet each to relieve two French di- or French organizations, and therevisions. As our divisions were fore our artillery should be held in more than twice as large as theirs readiness to follow when called it amounted to almost Immediate for," although It was possible that the situation might become "so seriof ten divisions. At the time of the German attack ous that some of our Infantry units a battalion of the American Sixth will be forced to serve with British regiment of engineers was on duty temporarily." behind the British Fifth army, enMy Intentions were further indigaged in railway construction and cated by saying: "Americans must repairs. These troops were given not lose sight of the purpose to arms and participated with the build up divisions and corps of British forces In the defensive op- their own," and also "we must erations until after the lines were avoid the tendency to Incorporate our Infantry Into British divisions stabilized. where it will be used up and never relieved." CHAPTER XXXII My cable recommended that the of War Baker went to LoAdon to discuss with the Brit- Infantry of two divisions be sent by ish authorities the prospects for British shipping and two by our additional shipping and also the general subject of munitions. While there he sent me the following telegram March 25, 1018, embodying suggestions from the prime minister which showed the deep anxiety of the British: "I have Just had a long talk with the prime minister. He urges three proposals for your consideration, first, that our divisions In France be placed Immediately In line to relieve French divisions for service elsewhere, quiet sectors being chosen for troops with least trainsee-tor- -- tive. v "Third, that infantry be sent first of the entire six divisions to be transported by British in view of present acute needs of that army. No answer to the foregoing Is necessary until I see you tomorrow when we can discuss the sugges tions fully." First Division Ordered Into Line. My diary notes the following: Chaumont, Friday, March 29, conference with 1918. Held the secretary of war and Gen eral Bliss yesterday on joint of military recommendations representatives of the war council. I .. Left Faris this morning for . , Chaumont. At Petain's request, the First division ordered to battle line, which Mr. Baker said people at home would enthusiastically approve. Mr. Paul Cravath dined with us this evening and, speaking of unity, favored placing con-- ! trol In the hands of a commit-- i tee composed of Marshal Halg, General Petaln and myself. The situation had become so serious that the military representatives seemed to think It necessary to recommend that all previous plans for the shipment of American troops be disregarded and that nothing but Infantry and machine gun units be shipped until otherwise directed by the supreme war council. This they did In the form of a Joint (or unanimous) note, which was, of course, approved by the supreme war council. I was very much surprised at the attitude of General Bliss, our military representative with the coum cil, as without his consent the Joint note could not have been submitted to the council. When the Joint note was presented to Secretary Baker I pointed out to him and General Bliss that the proposal, If approved by the President, would place the disposition of American units entirely in the ftands of the supreme war council and take them quite out of our control, even for training, and would without doubt destroy all possibility of our forming an American army. The secretary was as strongly opposed to any such outcome as I, and after some discussion he dictated his views In a cable to Presl dent Wilson explicitly recommending that the control of our forces should be retained by our and that the Joint note be approved only In that sense. Reply From Wilson. The message forwarding the Joint note with Mr. Baker's comment was answered by cable from Washington dated March 30, which stated : "The President concurs In the Joint note of the permanent military representatives of the supreme war council In the sense formulated in your No. 67 March 28, and wishes you to regard yourself authorized to decide questions of or replaceImmediate ment." It was thought that this statement, coming from the President, would check, at least for the time being, the demands of the allies" that we provide units for building lip their divisions, but their In-- - sistence continued. The President's message was 'Pi ' fol- lowed March 30 by a cable from the department, which stated: "The recommendations of secretary of war to President . . . that preferential transportation be given to American infantry and machine gun units Ir present emergency nn derstnod ar,d will be followed." It went on to say that these unit IE, April 17. Once the question of supreme command was settled the energies of the allied armies could be directed with maximum effect toward a common end. While dark days were still ahead, we were spared the chagrin of Inefficiency through lack of teamwork. Ity General fSohn . Pershing Continued ing. "Second, that all available engineer troops be taken from lines of work and sent to communication aid of British engineers preparing positions back of present lines. It is urged that suspension of our work would be but temporary and that the work suggested is impera- by the Trench. April 15 I received a letter from M. Clemenceau advls Ing me that Mr. Lloyd George had and the suggestion, approved asked If I agreed. I replied In a personal note expressing my agreement subject to the confirmation of President Wilson, which came have already had experience enough In trying to coordinate the operations of the allied armies, without success. There has never been real unity of action. commander. "Such CHAPTER We between two or three armies Is impossible no matter who the commander In chief may be. Each commander In chief Is interested In his own army and cannot get the other commander's point of view nor grasp the problem as a whole. I am In favor of a supreme commander and believe that the success of the allied cause depends upon it. "I think the necessary action should be taken by this council at once. I am In favor of conferring the supreme command upon General Foch." When I had finished Mr. Lloyd George came over to where I sat, took me by the hand and said: "I agree fully wltb General Pershing. This Is well put." After some further Informal dis- - Now that the XXXIV supreme effort must be made on our part and when units were sorely needed for immediate active service it was found, much to my surprise, that, although the divisions then coming to France had been under training for six months or even more, they still contained a large percentage of untrained men. As already pointed out, the general staff, when called upon to provide men for special services, had relied upon taking them from combat divisions Instead of anticipating such requirements and segregating these specialists from the start and training them as such. This was a most vicious application In time of war of a very objectionable practice that had grown up In our army In time of peace. It appears that during the preparation of our armies In the World war no other plan was followed and the practice was carried to such an extent that divisions with, say 25,000 men, which should have been held intact and each one perfected as an organized team, were constantly called upon to send large groups of their trained soldiers to other duties. Inspect Available Divisions. In view of their possible early employment I wanted especially to look into the general state of efficiency of our available divisions and give some personal Instructions about training. Going the rounds, I met General Hirschauer, who was one of the able French generals, and found him very enthusiastic about the Second, which had been in line at Sommedieu under his command, confirming my own opinion formed from observation and reports. He said that without gained by German Offensive doubt It was then as efficient as MarchZi -Apniajaio any of his French divisions. The 25 50 Miles First was further advanced than any of the others and Its morale a draft of the resolution was high at the prospect of going own, but that present plans should cussion, It was was submitted which omitted go no further than this. Into the battle line. to the American army. my purpose not to become too deepKecent developments had brought I called attention to the question of the employment of ly involved in an agreement that Whereupon would make it impossible later to the oversight," saying: American troops Into Immediate "I think this resolution should consideration. form our own Independent force The President's Include the American army. The qualified approval of the recomunder our own otiicers. arrangement is to be in force, as I mendation of the supreme war understand it, from now on, anl council, as embodied In joint note CHAPTER XXXIII Secretary Baker and I had fre- the American army will soon be No. 18, was seized upon by the quently discussed the question of ready to function as such and allies and construed as a concesa supreme allied commander, and should be included as an entity like sion for the unlimited absorption we were both ready to accept it in the British and French armies." of our troops in their armies. "There is no American army yet No doubt my offer to General principle when proposed. In response to a notice from Pre- as such," General Petaln interject- Foch lent encouragement to the mier Clemenceau I went, April 3, ed, "as its units are either in trainallied view. Mr. Baker's visit to our armies to Beauvais to meet with the su- ing or are amalgamated with the preme war council. Arriving early, British and French." during this critical period was forColonel Boyd and I had to wait an tuitous, as the problems that conPershing Has U. S. Included. hour at the Hotel de Ville before "There may not be an American fronted us could then be seen In M. Clemenceau and Lloyd George army in force functioning now," I their true perspective. He had an came Into the conference room. replied, "but there soon will be, opportunity to meet the allied leadMarshal Halg, Generals Foch, Pe- and I want this resolution to apply ers, both civil and military, and get taln, Sir Henry Wilson, Bliss, Wey-gan- to it when it becomes a fact The In touch with conditions in the difand myself were the others American government is represent- ferent countries. Of still greater Importance, he ed here at this conference and in participating. Brigadier General Spiers acted the war, and any action as to the saw with his own eyes the building as interpreter, and Lieut. Col. Sir supreme command that includes of our organization. He was a Maurice Hankey, who usually ac- the British and French armies keen observer, with clear undercompanied Mr. Lloyd George, as re- should also include the American standing and a logical mind, and The meeting was finally army." obtained In a short time an accucorder. called to order by M. Clemenceau, The foregoing account of the rate conception of our task and its who stated its purpose, saying in conference may not be an exact rec- difficulties. Before Mr. Baker sailed ord of the language used, but it is for substance: home I had sent him the letter "We have come together to settle given as my aid took it down. we a very simple question regarding The following resolution was quoted below, and, although later discussed Its contents briefly the functions of General Foch. 1 then read and adopted : think we are all in agreement as "General Foch is charged by the It Is given as showing the reaction to the of allied action, British, French and American gov- of at least part of the British press but there Is some difference In the ernments with the of at the time: "April 5, 1918. Dear Mr. Secreunderstanding of General Foch's the action of the allied armies on powers as conferred upon him at the western front; to this end there tary: I noticed the other day that the Doullens conference of March Is conferred on him all the power one of the British papers, In re26. General Foch will explain his necessary for Its effective realizaferring to the fact that plans had difficulties." tion. To the same end the British, been made to send American troops Foch Calls for Action. French and American governments to the assistance of the allies, stat' General Foch then set forth confide in General Foch the strate- ed this would relieve the British briefly his situation, as follows: gic direction of military operations. of the necessity of depleting the "The commanders In chief of the strength of the forces kept at home "The powers conferred by the Doullens conference were limited to British, French and American for defensive purposes. "This suggests to my mind a certhe of action between armies will exercise to the fullest the allies. They were conferred extent the tactical direction of tain political phase of the British while the action was on. The pow- their armies. Each commander In situation which may give us addier to has been con- chief will have the right to appeal tional explanation as to why Mr. strued to be limited to the time the allies were In action. That was March 26 at Douliens. Now we are at April 3. "Now that the two opposing armies are no longer In action but i'' HV;-..,4 have stopped and are facing each other, there is nothing to There should be authority to prepare for action and direct It. So we are right back where we were, and nothing can be done until an .x , action starts again." Lloyd George Pleads for Unity. W Dirt-- vjmift e. Mr. Lloyd George then entered the discussion, saying substantially: "We have had more than three years of this war and we have not had unity of action during that time. During the last year we have had two kinds of strategy, one bj Haig and another by Petaln, both i different, and nothing has been The only thing that was gained. accomplished was by General when he was lu supreme command. Salvation Army Lassies Handing Out Doughnuts. "General Foch Is now empowered the action of the to British represent- allied armies, but this does not go to his government If In his opinion Lloyd George and by the atlves are so urgent In their ap far enough, as he has no authority hls army Is placed In dangerGeneral peals for assistance from America. to control except by conferring Instructions received from "Following this further, may 1 with the respective commanders lu Foch." Allied Commander in Chief. suggest that you give the matter chief. He wants authority to preThe Idea of an allied commander serious thought? There Is so very pare for action. I think the resolumuch at stake for us that It seems tion made at Doullens should be In chief had been suggested and modified so that we may have a bet- discussed many times unofficially to me very frank representations to the British govter understanding. I should like but for various reasons, political should beasmade to the urgency of their to hear what General Bliss and and otherwise, it had never been ernment General Pershing have to say." definitely adopted by the supreme putting Into the army every poswar council. With the distrust sible man that can be mustered to Pershing Gives His Views. meet the Immediate emergency. , . , I then gave my view, which was thnt existed among the allies. (TO HE CONTINUED.) set forth In a brief memorandum was not easy to bring about the In pencil after the discus- - cislon In favor of a supreme Tin Biti Imander, and It was made possible began, as follows: ' There Is the story of the train "The principal of unity of corn- - only by the extreme emergency of that hit the midget automobile and mand Is undoubtedly the correct the situation. The designation of General Foch then had to stop to lot the enone for the allies to follow. I do not believe t Is possible to have as commander In chief of the gineer have It taken out of his eye. New York Post. of action without a supreme lied armies In France was proposed Ground d ml! s e, X3 Slur on Movie Magnates Roland Pert wee, tne novelist-dramatisis finding Hollywood an amusOne of the commonest faults ing place. "moodiIs women modern among "I started reading three of my stoness," according to a recent psy- ries to stars," he writes, "and they chological study. The psychologists would not let me finish them, but dehave been seeking a cure for it, and manded my terms halfway through. declare that mental treatments, ad- I suppose that Is flattering." ministered by the sufferer herself, One of his stories deserves dissemgive the best results. ination. "Moodiness Is a thing that definite"Don't take no notice of them guys woman's a happiness," In the ly endangers big otlices," some one advised declares Anne Bryan McCall In the Woman's Home Companion. "It also him. "They was all tailors five years harms her standing with others and menaces her usefulness. Moody peo- back. Why, If you hang your coat up for ten minutes start sewing ple are untrustworthy and unac- buttons on It sortthey of automatic,"- countable to others; They are gay and friendly one day, and the next London Daily Herald. may be sullen or discouraged or Aged Swedes morose. Sweden's oldest Inhabitant, Lars a do characterIndulge they "Why istic so obviously to their own disad- Olofsson, a farmer of Gaakxsjoe, near vantage? Almost Invariably moodi- Oestersund, has celebrated his one ness Is the easy thing, the unadult hundred and fifth anniversary. In thing, the undeveloped thing. If you Gaakxsjle parish there are two men carry the analysis further, you can one hundred and one years old, two hardly fail to see that it Is also the centenarians and five who are ninety-ninprimitive thing, the uncivilized thing, the savage thing, as a matter of On the Farm fact moodiness and unreliability are "Do you have any trouble in keepoutstanding traits of savage tribes. 'The person who Is still behaving ing the boys on the farm?" In uncivilized ways, ways of moodi"No," replied Farmer CorntosseL ness, Is a person who Is not keeping "They're willfn' to stay. The only up with civilization. This Is a person difference is that they all want to who Is taking the easy childish way act like summer boarders." out It Is the person who Is not developing and who no matter how Not Yet she may think she Is, Is In - flL. com-slo- Summer complaint1 carried by flies! a profound sense tragically behind the times." The remedy, according to the psychologists. Is for the victim of moodiness to ask herself the following questions every day, and answer them honestly: "How moody have I been today? How savage? How childish? How undeveloped? In short how Inferior and backward a f5erson have I been?" Who Remembers Days of Bootjack? Old-Fashion- at 11; Largest Seller la 121 Countries Salt Lake City's Hotel SXpes Trofessor Natural science has made such progress that we can now send pictures by wireless. Elderly Lady Listener Really, ready framed? Pearson's. Marks "How did they mark you in your day, dad?" Safe Be e. -- i f'Tr1 S3 --L-r 4f,T:'JU 'TfHUIW ystc- - ""!lWAlfJ(JU?,)i Sv j OT EL TEMPLE school "With a switch." SQUARE If it were literally true that whisky fills our jails, lots of men would break Into them. 200 Rooms 200 Tile Baths Radio connection in every room. RATES FROM 1.50 The long leather boots and the Don't regret a lost love too much. bootjacks of grandfather's day are It might have soured. nearly forgotten. Yet It Is within the Just opposite Harmon Tabernacle recollection of many when both were often in line Very isn't standing C. ROSSITER, Mgr. ERNEST plentiful. While a few bootjacks It. were cast from Iron and could be worth bought at hardware stores, the most popular ones were homemade. They were simple in design, just a notched board with a bunker to raise the Jack end from the floor and the other end to stand on. Even with a jack It was not always easy to remove a boot that had' been worn all day and had perhaps been wet. In such an event father was likely to impress a son as a human bootjack. Sitting i ' behind him, he would thrust the boot between the boy's legs and with his other foot pressed against his back generally obtain sufficient leverage to remove the obstinate footwear. In Campaign Time In New England fishing families, Plenty of Time j Wife Going to the club again and where rubber boots are frequently "Senator," gushed the hostess to a worn, one will still find bootjacks prominent politician, "I've heard a you know the rent is due next week. In use. Husband (calmly) Oh, I shall be great deal about you." "Possibly," he answered, absently, back before then. Lustige Kolner "but you can't prove it." rtablt can be friend or enemy. Zeltung, Cologne. tight-fittin- ShavingCream g A Netv Shaving Cream It Soothes a young man net yet settled to his calling and place In the world. uieiimiricaiiy, Mahomet's First Wife Mahomet had numerous wives, the first being a widow, 15 years his senior, whom he married when he was twenty-five- . Her name was Khadija. Mahomet did not become a polygamist until after her death. Not Easily Acquired Real knowledge, like everything else of the highest value, Is cot to be obtained easily. It must be worked for, thought for and more than all, it must be prayed for. Thomas Arnold. Variation in Fruits beThere Is no tween the season of blossoming and ripening of fruits. Some that blossom early may ripen Jate; others that blossom late may ripen early. Uncle Eben "When I feels dissatisfied wif my looks" said Cncle Eben "I goes to de zoo an' offers thanks foh beln' so much handsomer dan de hippopotamus." Washington Star. .&-jt- sVArr, J Mental Treatment Best to Overcome Moodiness "Beautifiers" in Demand About 2,000 tons of rouge and 4,000 tons of face powder are used annually In the United States, according to the chemical division of the Department of Commerce. Spider-Crab'- Defense s The spider-craIs an artist In disguise; It sticks seaweed and sponges on lt3 shell to conceal Itself from an the devilb arch-enem- y Hampton and Hampton Roads derived their present names from the earl of Southampton, one of the leaders of the Virginia county, and a friend or patron of Shakespeare. The name was probably abbreviated to Hampton. Remarkable Longevity The parish register of St. Leonard's, Shoreditch. England, records Thomas Carn to be the' oldest man of modern times. He was bom In 1381, outlived ten sovereigns and died during Queen Elizabeth's reign In 158S. Importance of Health Lack of success In life Is due In many cases to physical defects that might have been avoided by Dr. Roger Intelligent bringlng-up- . Dennett panion. In Woman's nome Com- Heroism's Virtue Heroism Is the brilliant triumph of the soul over the flesh, that is to say over fear fear of poverty, of suffering, of calamity, of illness, cf loneliness and of death. Amlel. Term fonrchette Is a card term and refers to the cards above and the one led. When a queen Is led, the king and Jack in a player's hand form a fonrchette. Playing-Car- d A bo-lo- Eternal Mystery One of life's biggest mysteries Is why some dumb fools have the luck they do when you and I, with all our brains, can't beat the Jinx. Cincinnati Enquirer. as It Laughter's Revelation. "Prudence." said HI Ho, the sage of Chinatown, "bids us laugh hut seldom. It Is by laughter that we disclose our most intimate weakness the mental process by which we are amused." Washington Star. Firmness and Gentleness Is only people who possess firmness who can possess true gentleness. In those who appear gentle, it is generally only weakness, which Is rapidly converted into harshness. Rochefoucauld. It The Dear, Dead Past Poke fun at the old parlor organ all you will, but give It credit for not startling the guests with an unheralded burst of static or heterodyning! ger. Matter of Opinion "When may a mnn be said to be growing really old?" Is often asked. When he objects to progress and Don't Be Stingy With Soap The cleansing value of soap depends not on Its solvent qualities but also on the quantity you use. Woman's Home Companion. Politician's Woe Somewhat like the man who was enjoying bad health la the politician confronted with dissension. Charlotte News. Organized work, for woman suffrage began In the United States with the Woman's Rights conventions In Seneca Falls, N. Y., In 1848. Something; Like That We need activity as well as optimism, says an exchange. Hop-to-I- t ism, so to speak. Boston Tran- Insects' "Conversation" that many insects can communicate with each other, especially bees and ants. an-ru- nl double wise man Is not about things Impertinent. the salary. Indispensable Milk woman who does not appreciate the value of milk In the diet should be prohibited by law from planning menus. Woman's Homo Any Companion. Believe the Best It is better to believe that a mnn does possess good qualities than to assert that he does not. Chinese Moral Maxims. Women's Fight for Suffrage It Is believed 'Tut or call" Is the doulJe option of being able to buy or self according to which transaction will yield a profit. No Region Without Rain There Is no place on the earth where It never rnlns. Even the Sahara desert Is not entirely rain- less. Animal Peculiarity Reindeer and caribou are the only members of the deer family In which both sexes have horns. Sickness Averages The average worker loses seven days each year through Illness. Collier's Weekly. One Point of View The man who sings hii own praises is quite likely to be a soloist. Fine Feathers The Wise Man A News-Sentine- l. Buyer or Seller Point of View 'Happiness Is an element lu You cannot be at your henlth. best physically when your mind Is In the dwelling place of disquieting thoughts. Improvements. script. Ft Wayne High Office Expensive London's lord mayor gets 50,000 a year and spends 20,000 on his banquet. Expenses of the office are estimated to be at least fish. Creeks' Reserve Anchor Ancient Greek ships carried many anchors, one of which, called the "sacred anchor," was never let go unless the vessel was In grave dan- Softens It's Inquisitive Broome. not the clothes that make the woman ; It's how she wears them. American Magazine. At Peace The mind is never right but when it is at peace with Itself. Sent. . |