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Show THE GRANT8VILLE CORPORAL IS VITAL COG IN ARMYS VAST MACHINE Much Depends on Officer Who Inspecting officer. With one It may be the size of the cake of soap; with Holds Lowest Rank in Oranother the darn on the pair of socks or the minute particle of dirt that colganization. lects under the movable slide of the sight leaf of the rifle. During the hours that are free from ACTS AS PARENT TO SQUAD drills and duties the corporal must know where the men In his squad are. He Is supposed to see that they bathe On the Efficiency of the Humble Cor at least once a week and keep their clothes and persona neat. The last poral Reate Much of the Com at night, as taps Is blowing, he thing panys Reputation Beta the reports his squad as present If each Moral Tone Among the one Is on his cot, or names such un8oldiers. fortunates as may have misjudged the length of time required tp return to Washington. The corporal la known camp or the amount of liquor they to moat civilians merely aa the loweat could consume safely. ofIn rank of the Such are the routine matters the ficers of the army ; hla rank la marked corporal has In charge. The question by two stripes on' the tipper arm of may arise as to how he enforces his hla blouse. The familiar phrase "a authority In these matters. The rules corporals guard exemplifies this Idea, are all so framed for a soldiers beneas It suggests Ahe smallest possible fit that, however much he may have number of soldiers. Of him the In- been without standards of order and fantry Drill Regulations say briefly, neatness before enlisting, a corporal "The corporal Is the squad leader, with force and tact can usually carry and of the squad It says, "Soldiers are the man along with the rest with little of Into grouped squads for purposes for discipline! The means necessity Instruction, discipline, control and or- of discipline are not lacking, however, der. and here the details above have a real But the corporal Is of more Impor- value. tance than this would Indicate. Disciplining His Men. One of the regular army Instructors There are many of these pieces of at the lost series of reserve officers work which do not call for a complete training camps was fond of telling hla squad, and there are Jobs done under company that those of them who be- a sergeants oversight with a man from came captains would be fathers of each squad. The corporal can always their men, the captain being the high- assign the man who was last out at est officer with whom the enlisted man drill call or whose rifle was denounced would In general come Into personal as unclean at inspection to these decontact Many captains are like the tails, as well as those of cleaning up Puritan father whose closest contact the tent each morning. with hla children was when he disMost men learn after they have ciplined them. The leader who lives spent a few of their spare hours chopwith the private and Is most directly ping wood or cleaning pons to obey responsible for his well being In camp the orders of the corporal. Some there or in battle Is his corporal. are, of course, who have to be reIn camp this responsibility Is mani- ported to the first sergeant for confold. The squad, seven men and the finement to the company street, or corporal, form a family living together whose repeated offenses lead to the in one of the big pyramidal or square guardhouse. The corporal who propertents that have done much to make ly enforces his authority .knows that the soldiers life In the field comfort- the whole Iron system of discipline of able. The corporal is often told that the army Is behind Mm. he has power to run that tentful of In the more purely military matters men absolutely; some officers tell him the is equally Important We hes the king bee and others call him hearcorporal much of the recruit and the drill . the czar, while all of them blame him sergeant If a company has efficient If anything goes wrong. corporals, It is more often the latter The first thing In the morning, at who introduce the recruits to right varying hours, but always before six, dress and port arms and explain the he must hear first call and have his nice distinction between squads right seven men out for reveille In fifteen and right turn. minutes. He must see that every Many a period of company drill befaatchstick, cigarette butt and scrap of gins with the captains command: paper Is picked up from the floor and Corporals, take your squads for fifsurroundings of the tent, that every teen minutes In the school of the solcot Is stripped and In order, that every dier and school of the and It member called for special duty or de- Is there that Individual squad; attention can tail reports on time, and that his squad be given. Close order drill Is of course Is always on hand for all formations. In larger units, but even there the Maintaining Discipline. proper execution of a company moveThe corporal must see not only that ment frequently depends on the corthe members of his squad are on poral, and woe be to the one who falls hand for all formations, but that they to distinguish between On right into are properly clothed, neat and shaven, line and Right front Into line, for with all buttons sewed on, shoes he will find his squad moving at right shined and rifles cleaned. On Satur- angles to the rest of the company. days he must be particularly scrupuIn open or deployed order, such as lous In seeing that his squad Is spick would always be used under battle and span In every respect of person conditions, the squad becomes the and equipment The latter must be smallest fighting unit and the corporal fully displayed on every mans cot, becomes the leader whom the squad with only one correct arrangement must obey, follow and stick to. Here one correct way to fold the blankets he is usually under the supervision of at the head of the cot and to place a sergeant, but It Is to him that the the shoes under the foot And most squad looks for orders, and the order Important It Is that the knife, fork which can properly be used only by a and spoon shall be in the order corporal and which Is the simplest in they are displayed on the mess kit the "Infantry Drill Regulations, "FolEvery Inspecting officer has the cor- low me I Is the one which takes the rect picture of that display, from po- squad away from the column In which sition of toothbrush to number of shel- It has been marching, arranges It In ter half pins, so clearly In his minfl Its proper position on the firing line, that the corporal Is lucky whose squad advances It by rushes and finally leads does not have two or three slips In Its It to the bayonet charge. arrangement Also the corporal must It Is the squad leader who Is given quickly learn the pet point of each the target designation and range by SAWDUST IN GERMAN BREAD Shows That About Thirds Is From a Wood Analysis Two- - Product Rome. That German bread Is mainly sawdust Is now proved by a military attache of the Swiss legation In Berlin, who returned to Rome 111 with dysentery. He brought a loaf of German bread to see If It was responsible for his bad health. Berne experts Just analyzed the loaf and found It contains corn, 12 per cent barley, 22 per cent and the remaining 60 per cent was wood sawdust Bread tickets also are in force In The dally allowance Is Switzerland. 250 grammes, about nine ounces. Sugar tickets soon will be Issued, with monthly allowance fixed at 18 ounces, and rice nine ounces. Butter Is to be rationed too, the amount differing with districts, but nowhere to exceed three ounces a month. With the Institution of rations In Swltserland hundreds of German and Austrian vial tors left for home. One reason was they can no longer send home food by parcel post, and the other, more potent, Is that under the Swiss regulations food tickets are only Issued after a thorough Inquiry about the visitors nationality and business. A large Inflow of people. Intent on spying, thus Is also stopped. Now Has Anothers Nerve. Chicago. Capt. R. Hugh Knyvett, Intelligence officer of the Fifteenth Infantry brigade, Australian imperial force, Is on his way back to the front after being Invalided home when a German shell Inflicted twenty wounds. For six months he was paralysed, but today In Chicago he was as vigorous as ever, the result, he says, of the transplanting of a nerve from another mans leg to his own. Woman Fined for Feeding Dogs Bread. Miss Carolina Stiff of Dover, England, was fined 2S for feeding bread She had been buying 20 to dogs. pounds of bread dally for herself and her 14 dogs. She admitted feeding the dogs bread four times a day. I NEWS, GRANT8VILLE, the platoon leader, and who Is re--1 sponsible for the volume and accuracy of the fire, , The Infantry Drill Regulations" say that In battle officers and sergeants endeavor to preserve the Integrity of squads; they designate new leaders to replace those disabled, organise new squads when necessary and see that every man Is placed In a squad. Men are taught the necessity of remaining with the squad to which they belong, and In case It be broken up or they become separated therefrom to attach themselves to the nearest squad. A distinct form of the military duty of a corporal Is the guard duty. This may be In the nature of police duty, such as having charge of the men known as the military police, detailed to preserve order In towns near a camp. . This work frequently requires a high degree of ability to size up a situation and act promptly. More familiar In time of peace as well as time of war Is what Is known as Interior guard duty used in camp or garrison to preserve order, protect property and to enforce order, regulations. To the duties of the corporal of the guard In this work the Infadtry Drill Regulations devote five pages, quite the largest amount of space givbook. en to him In this It Is summed up in one short paragraph, however : It Is the duty of the corporal of the guard to post and relieve sentinels and to Instruct the members of his relief In their orders and duties. For the purposes of explanation, assume a camp with fifteen posts, which must be patrolled each by a sentry. The guard would then consist of 48 privates, divided Into three reliefs, each with a corporal. There would be one or two sergeants, an officer of the guard and an officer of the day. The reliefs would be on post two hours and off tour hours throughout the 24 hours of the day on duty. The sentrys orders are that "In cases not covered by Instructions, he Is to call the corporal of the guard. At night It Is the corporal who Is called to make the arrest In case the sentry catches anyone trying to cross his post; and he must be continually on the Job, not only when his relief Is on post but also during the preceding relief. Powers of Leadership. But It Is guard duty in time of war that calls all a corporals powers of leadership to the force. This Is called exterior guard duty and consists of outposts during a bait and advance, flank or rear guards during an advance or, retreat. It Includes all that Is commonly called patrolling. Bodies for this duty may be larger than a squad, and may be under the command of a sergeant or even a officer, If the duty Is Important enough; but here again the squad Is the normal body to use and the squad leader the man put In charge If he is capable. Every reader Is familiar with the thrilling tales of patrolling from the trenches, and knows of its Importance In the securing of details of Information too minute for the airmen to pick up. The reconnolterlng patrols, have always been considered the eyes of ' an army, and even the airplanes cannot altogether take their place. 'Whether a corporal does any or much of this sort of work depends on the ability of the Individual, and If he does well In this he soon ceases to be a corporal, for the qualities required In good advance guard or outpost work are those requited In much higher grades than . . UTAH. one secluded nook of the Levant still broods Tibetan calm which has envelqped.lt for more than a thousand years. It Is the promontory of Athos, the easternmost of the three peninsulas extending Into the ASgean sea from the coast of Macedonia like the gnarled fingers of an aged priest whose hand Is raised in benediction. There, only 40 miles from Snlonlkl, the allied war base, dwells a monastic community of some 7,000 souls under a republican form of government which has outlasted the Saracens, the Byzantines, and bids fair to survive the Sublime Porte. Mount Athos, the glistening pyramid of marble In which the peninsula terminates, Is visible at sunset from the Plains of Troy across the sea and shimmers Into view from the slopes of Mount Olympus. The law of ages seems to forbid war's trespass on these sacred precincts, and the monastic statutes deny admittance to any female creature, be It woman, hen or cow, says writer In the New Tork Tribune. The unwritten law generally has been observed, perhaps by geographical accident or perhaps because of the adaptable, conciliatory nature of the kindly folk who claim the Sacred Mount for their own. But despite the strict regulations of the Most Blessed Assembly of the Holy Mount and the shock of horror which assails the most humble of the brethren at sight of the gentler sex, women have penetrated where war lias feared to tread. Although the remote history of the colony melts Into misty legend, It Is generally believed that the first religious settlements on the peninsula were OVER 40-ml- the twenty monasteries1-therare villages or settlements, Inhabited mostly by artisans employed within the abbeys. Only precipitous, winding mule paths afford means of As many races are communication. represented In the population as might Besides be expected In that cosmopolitan see-- 1 tlon of the Levant The monks themselves are, for the most part Greeks, but the monastery of Rosslkon Is a! stronghold of the Russians, and In' others are Serbs and Bulgars. are also fairly numerous. oumanians Own All Goods In Common. All these dwell In harmony despite the schisms which the great war has made In the outside world. As monks they are divided Into two schools, both of which adhere to the canon of St Basil. One division has the ldlo--i rhythmic form of government which allows considerable latitude to the Individual, although all goods are owned In common. Monasteries of this order are governed by two or three wardens, who are elected annually by the eld- ers. In the cenoblte monasteries church regulations are much more rigid, and the hegumen, 'elected for life, has absolute control over the property and Inmates. Hoarded behind massive locks In the turreted abbeys are thousands of beautiful Illuminated parchments of great antiquity. This treasure, though Impressive, Is a mere remnant of what once existed. Some of the documents have been taken to Paris, some to Moscow, some fell into the hands of early collectors, some were fired In cartridges at the Greeks during the war of Independence, some have been mutilated by chance visitors and some, according to authentic reports, were that of corporal. Having discussed the military and what might be called the domestic responsibilities of the corporal, there remains a more difficult, because more intangible, responsibility. It Is not mentioned In the "Infantry Drill Regulations, but it Is much In the minds of the people. This Is his responsibility for the moral tone of the American army. He can exert the greatQuadrangle of 8t est Influence In this matter because he Is the authority most closely In made by refugees from the persecutions of the Iconoclasts early In the contact with the men. eighth century. The legends of the monks attribute them to the age of Found 1400,000 In Geld. Constantine, In the third and fourth Phoenix, Arts. The discovery of centuries. Reference to the existence 1400,000 cached In a lonely spot In the of the cluster of religious brotherhills of Graham county, this state, Is hoods Is made In historical documents reported by H. R. Whitman of Solo of the ninth century. monvllle. The discovery was made by The claims of the monastery of Joseph Walsey, a cowboy, who, when Laura, founded about the middle of hunting stray cattle, came on an Iron the tenth century by St Athanasius, box secreted In a tree trunk. Its con- appear to be well founded and to make tents consisted of old Spanish gold It for historical purposes, the most coins and gold vessels. The gold has ancient of the monasteries. There Is been taken to Salford, seat of Graham reason to believe that Vatopethl Is county, and placed In security, accord- of about equal antiquity. According ing to Whitman. It la believed that to the monastic accounts of Vatope-thl- s Walsey discovered a hiding place of founding, It Is the most venerable priests who left the country about seven- of all the twenty, having been estabty-five years ago. lished by Theodosius In recognition of the providential rescue of his son d from drowning on the coast near by. Goats Eat Coat Los Angeles, OaL Special Officer The most recent of the monasteries, Harry Klein of Santa Monica has a Stavronlkltu, was founded In 1845. There are twenty of them. They new coat This fact In Itself Is not very Important but the disappearance are situated on the wooded and mounof the old coat Is something to mats tainous slopes of a peninsula which Is vel at It disappeared, brass buttons forty miles In length and from four and braid, down the throats of thru to seven miles In width. The total goats who found It hanging on a llne population of the peninsula Is about The coat had been saturated with gas- 7,000. Three thousand of the Inhaboline to clean out the spots. itants are monks and the rest are lay brothers. . Gao"-8oake- Pantalelmon Monastery. torn Into strips by their very guardians to be twisted onto fish hooks and used os bait Less perishable and equally beautU ful relics still remain, most of them In an extraordinary state of preserve? tlon. The buildings themselves, somq of which cover as much as four aerdsi are wonderful examples of Byzantine architecture. There are choice specimens of ancient and cunning mosal$ work. There are mural decorations attributed to Byzantine artists so ant dent that their work has outlived their fame and their very names are legendary. , Vatopethl contains many venerated and quaint treasures, some of them of great beauty. In the church Is a throne Inlaid with Ivory and nearby a chased silver Jeon of Andronlcus n, Palaeologus. An ancient case of solid gold In which are receptacles for the blood of saints contains a fragment of the True Cross, which Is set In gold and studded with large stones of pale hue. Most valued and most valuable from a material point of view Is the girdle of the Virgin Mary, which now, foi safe keeping, Is In three parts, eacn of them kept In a separate vault of the abbey. |