Show TIIE GARLAND TIMES UTAII GARLAND Sixty Years of Forestry in the United States w60 w-- v' rk: yv — Washington boa told congress President Roosevelt that he wants It to finish its labors and Expect adjourn In short Order Session lie has figLong ured that about three months ought to give the members sufficient time to mull over the problems that confront them and that they then should return to their several homes But the President is doomed to disapIf he sincerely believes that pointment he can get congress out of the Capital by the end of March The best guess right now Is that the congress will be In session at least four mouths and It Is well within the range of possibilities that It will remain In session almost to the time of the national conventions There are a number of factors that make realization of the President's wish Impossible of early adjournment realization Probably the most Influential of these Is the fact that this Is a campaign year Every member of the house and of the senate along with 5Ir Roowevelt himself are - affected by tbef election date and politics must have Its turn Eery four years this same condition obtains and do about every four years politicians the same things In furtherance of their Own political Interests The balk of the legislation to he considered has Its political tinge Politics even creep Into the annual appropriation hills — nd usually the result Is a swelling of In the totnlr order that some gears of Individual machines tuny be political Oiled Jnst a bit for smooth running In the campaign While the appropriation bills are from a political standpoint their weight In this session of congress sinks rather below par because there are such things as the bonus for the World war veterans the Townsend old age pension plan various New Deal reform measures and such Replacement legislation is may be since the Supreme court necessary kicked over New Deal propositions like the Agricultural Adjustment act with Its processing taxes and sundry other However the Roosevelt leadSchemes er In cbngress may desire to act the of legislation can be run hnechlnery enly so fast In an election year One of the chief reasons why a consession In an election year gressional drags on longer than Seek usual Is because of publicity value Publicity the sessions bare tor the fcidlvldnal representatives and senators If embers of congress discovered a hundred years ago that the chambers of the house and senate constituted splendid pounding boards for the dissemination' of political views There hns beeen Increasing use of this potentiality! as the yenrs have gone by until now the older members of the house and senate have become very adopt In capitalizing on this factor It takes no tretch of the Imagination to discover that a senator 6r representative speaking from the floor of his respective chamber gets much more publicity than his opponent back home who talks It Is peronly as a private citizen natural therefore that those fectly wint to members seeking take full advantage of the publicity vehicle available to them In Washington The use of this publicity weapon Is available to opponents of the New Deal as well as to Its supporters election may be While the approaching expected to knit the house Democrats unified front for moro closely Into the same conthe November election In dition Is not true In the senate that body there are a number of who do not like the Democrats New Deal and who are going to utilize every available opportunity to make their record as Democrats ns complete as It is possible to do before theyTnust speak to the home folks In person It Is obvious that such men as Senator Carter Glass of Virginia cannot desert the Democratic ticket and run fer So It Is to he Independently that men of this type will expected establish for themselves a comprehensive outline of their political belief while Democrats as distinguishing their position from that known as the New Deal They must look to the future when according t®all Indications they feel the party machinery will again be controlled by the Jeffersonian Instead of by the type of Democrat reform type of Democrat headed by men and women with the New Deal outlook desire to see all of the political Issues aired la congressional debates It Is only natural and logical as well that the Republican minority In the house and seriate will seek to foment as much debate as possible In order to obtain a record of what the majority party thinks or proposes to do If returned to power — Two Factors Senator Wll- E Borah of Idaho and Arthur IL Vandenberg of Is actively Borah Senator Michigan seeking pledged delegates to the RepubSenator Vanlican national convention denberg says he Is not a candidate but bee Is bnzzlng Around the and there are many observers who think Is hoping that Senator Vandenberg that In case of a convention stalemate the assembled delegates may riot and nominee as blm the turn to as It has means Such a condition meant before that these twe men will on 11am - In all respects the session will be the most political therefore since Mr Roosevelt took office Ills Presidential message on the state of the Union already is being kicked back and forth and picked to pieces In the preliminary There Is simply no campaign gunfire way by which this situation can be avoided The opening of congress was the opening of the 1930 campaign In an earlier you concerning letter I reported to the question of a neutrality policy and Congress declared at thak time that It was the May Stall to Important Item come before the current session It remains sot - I heUevethe sltimirtff- ts even more delicate than In my earlier nnnylsts of this problem and It mny well be that congress will stall along In reaching a decision on this policy In order to give foreign developments an opportunity to manifest themselves further The administration apparently Is willing to let congress work out the legislation without ‘much Interference but the lenders realize that a decision will be difficult as long as 'foreign maneuvers continue to present an almost dally change In the scenery Reference Is made to the neutrality question here because It is one of the Into the combination things entering that will cause a longer session than the President wishes There seems to be no doubt that passage of a bill to pay the soldiers bonus at an early date will be accomplished In this session Likewise there Is hardly the shadow of a doubt that if congress passes such legislation and Mr Roosevelt vetoes It the bill will be passed over the veto It Is a campaign year and It Is not a good time for politicians to antagonize an or granlzatlon with the vast membership of the American Legion or the other groups lation length cases men of This legis- not contribute much to the session but In all each representatives and senators-musmake their speeches and be on as to why they voted for or will of the record against a bill The Townsend plan cannot get anywhere la the current session I do not mean that It will be dodged as a This Is Impossubject of discussion There will be plenty of debate sible on It In the end however It will be sidetracked Then there was a flock of Inflationary schemes due to horn In on the parade as the session moves forward Farm mortgage is one refinancing of them It Is unfortunate that the Into flationists— those who are willing In ny manner prostitute the currency — are leading In this fight In all probability also the current session of congress yvtll be called upon to’ meet some prob- Waiting lems resulting from Decision adverse decisions by the Supreme Court of The court has bethe United States fore It any number of cases Involving New Deal policies Including such as the AAA the TVA with Its TenneSsea Valley power yardstick the attempt to regulate wages and hours of labor under the Guffey coal bill known as the Little NItA end a half dozen other It seems unlikely policy propositions although no one can guess that all of these measures will be held constitutional If any are held Invalid the President will ask congress ' To “draff Be w TogTs lat To fi As a sample of the political aspect of the current session one can sight the furor that was stirred np when President Roosevelt delivered his massage on the state of the Union to a night session of congress Except for one Instance Presidents always have delivered or sent their message to con press at noon of a day aftprthe session t hns had twoor three meeflngs Mr chose to get his message to congress on the very first day of the current session but In order to do It and allow for consummation of the nsual routine of the opening day It was necessary to bold a Joint session at ' night Ilouse announcement of Immediately precipitated demand from Henry P Republican national chairman Mr Fletcher charged that since the President’s speech was being dollvered “out of bours" and was being broa least to potentially the greatest radio audience ever to listen to a Presidential message of this kind the broadcasting companies must agree to allocate time for the Republicans to answer IL The Republican chairman asserted that the message was reduced to the “common level of a political speech" and so he demanded for the opposition the right to analyze It from the opposition standpoint through the same number of radio stations and te potentially the same radio audleocw The White this factor operating !n the presence of two Repub- lean Presidential pos- More slbllltles la the per An additional senate Is the tV a decision biting Fletcher PRF3IDENT ASSOCIATION OF POINTS PACK THE AMERICAN A MORAL By ELMO SCOTT WATSON the ixtietti Afr‘yTTla year ofnmrks an 'important event In versary the economic history of our imtlon For (in 1876) the ago years first warning against depleting one of our great natural resources and1 to "Plant the first admonition trees!” as a means of offsetting result of such dethe disastrous pletion was uttered The man ' who did 'that was Franklin B Ilough "the first for-est agent of the United States” and he Is being honored this year Charles In a particularly appropriate manner Lathrop Pack president of the American Tree association and one of the leading apostles of scientific forestry In this country has begun the edition of his faof the distribution mous “Forestry Primer” and this edition Is dediThis edition will make 4300000 cated to Hough copies of the booklet which Mr Pack has given to schools and colleges since the first edition was printed Id January 1920 Hough's fame as the "first forest Although agent" will be thus broadcast throughout the United States It Is a curious fact that h Is already better known for some of hla other activities than be is for bis work In behalf of Look In almost any cyclopedia of biforestry ography and you will find him listed aa an "auwith more emphasis laid thor and historian" upon bis prolific writings than upon bis work as a preacher of the doctrine of “Plant trees I” Franklin Benjamin Hough (one wonders If he were named for the 'Immortal Ben Franklin and If so why the two given names were thu transN Y July posed!) was born In Martlnsburgh 20 1822 the son of Dr Horatio Hough who had in 1797 and Mass from Southwlck emigrated Lewis county New was the first physician York” After his graduation from Union college In hls In 1843 young Hough prepared to follow father’s footsteps by entering Cleveland Medical college from which he was graduated five years Even during hla college career scientific later outside hls chosen field of medicine Investigation Interested him and in 1847 he published hla first work —“A Catalogue of Plants Growing Without in Lewis County New York” Cultivation Beginning the practice of medicine at N Y In 1852 he later removed to Albany and during a residence of efght year there he student of hiswas an earnest and Indefatigable tory and an authority on antiquities statistics and various branches of science Ills published writings during this period Included histories of and Lewis Jefferson Franklin St Lawrence counties New York "Papers Relating to the Isfor Thanksland of Nantucket" “Proclamations Washington giving by the Continental Congress and Others With an Historical Introduction" “Munsell's Guide to the Hudson River” "Papers and DeerHatfield Attack Upbn Concerning the field by a Party of Indians From Canada September 19 1G77" "Results of a Series of MeMade In Obedience to Observations teorological the Instructions of the Regents of the University at Sundry Academies In the State of New York From 1826 to 1850" and “The Comprehensive for Its Use” He' With Directions Farm Record also edited “Diary of the Siege of Detroit In the War With Pontiac" and “A Narrative of the Principal Events of the Siege by Major Robert Roger si! During the Civil war Hough served as a surgeon with the Union army for a time then ree turned to New York to make hls home In where he continued hls scientific and litDuring the next five years hls puberary work lications Included “An Annotated Translation of Bauden’s ‘Guerre de Crlmee’ ” "Proceedings of of Indian Affairs for the Exthe Commissioners of Indian Titles In the State of New tinguishment York" "History of Duryee’s Brigade During the In Virginia Under General Pope and In Campaign “WashingMaryland Under General McClellan" or Memorials of the Death of George tonians "The Siege of Savannah by the Washington" American and French Forces Under General Lincoln and Count d’Estalng” “The Siege of Charles- ton by the British Fleet and Army Under Arbutb-no-t and Sir Henry Clinton” “American Constituof “Memoir Upon the tions” and a translation Late War in North America Between the French and English he bad also prepared several During and pub volumes of statistics He supervised fished the state census of 1S75 and 1805 on'boTb' occasions writing the pamphlet of Instructions He also edited and of the legislature and In many cases made Important annotated to a large list of Important works additions and published a "Gazeteer of New York" which was prepared entirely under hls supervision Truly a busy and useful citizen was this Frank fin Benjamin Hough But even more Important than these was an other activity In which he became Interested — that of preserving the forests of hls native state which be saw were being steadily diminished " 'statOi forestry agriculture was created plough was purtmeuFof appointed as its chief and be served In that jpa 1883 parity from 1876 to certain events had been taking Meanwhile place which should have been a warning to the whole nation but which were for the most part In the West terrible forest fires disregarded had been raging almost every summer but little attention was paid In the Enst to the reports Now and then Hough' of these conflagrations men declared that our fuand other ture timber supply was In danger unless step were taken to replace the trees destroyed by methods then In these fires or by the lumbering that believing evidently vogue But America our forests like some of our other natural ret these sources were Inexhaustible laughed “cranks" and went merrily on Its wasteful way enough the great Chicago- fire of Strangely 1871 helped turn the thought of the nation to forest resources That was the summer of one of the greatest drouths In the history of the From July 8 to October 9 with the country exception of two small showers in September of the Middle no rain fell In the major portion West Forest fires swept over great part of northern Michigan and Wisconsin and gaged unhindered through the country where streams ponds and marsh lands had dried up The East heard again about forest fires but It didn’t worry much about them Why wonder trees anyway about a few thousand Ships were to be built of Iron and buildings of brick and coal was tbe fuel of tbe future! they said 1871 of whole In the October Then problem In tbe great drouth and fire was dramatized tragedy In Chicago and It helped turn tbe nato our future timber supply tional consclousneaa The direct result was that congress appropriated $2000 and employed Hough to Investigate timber conditions In tbe United States Out of bis report sent to congress by President IL B Hayes grew a national forestry policy which has made constant although slow In developing The succesprogress during the last 00 years have been as folsive steps In that development lows : — Act creating division of forestry In Deof Agriculture June 80 forest to establish 1891— President authorized reserves March 8 Yellowstone Tark TImberland reserve proclaimed by President Harrison on March 30 1897— Present Forest act passed National June 4 1901 — Division of forestry becomes bureau of forestry July 1 becomes forest serv1905 — Bureau of forestry 1806 partment ice February 1 Weeks law passed March L bill signed Jnne 7 act signed April 80 act signed May 22 1928 — sends forest work 1933— President Roosevelt to relief message congress March 21 1933 — First Civilian Forest Conservation caps camp established April 17 1911 — 1924 — 1928 — vr In commenting upon the forest fires back In the seventies which brought to the American people a realization of the need for conservation of our timber supply President Pack of tbe Amerisaid recently: can Tree association ‘Those and the many forest fires to follow But have cost tbe nation millions of dollars — iiiiiiKw nrCt-f- i t ie l — I4ttls-4JIlough ever think that a forest army known as the Clvlllnn Conservation corps would ever put In 1841000 never man Ilough dnjs fighting forest fires lines would dreamed 33459 miles of telephone forest areas to help kpep be built Into these down the fire loss Ilough knew nothing of for est fire lookout towers and aeroplane spotters watching thousands of square miles of forest lie could for the first sign of curling smoke not vision the radio call of ‘fire’ giving tbe ap proxlmate location to the nenrest station this to be followed by the shriek of the fire siren and hundreds of men going Into action Id motor trucks “But Hough had one ylslon such as the thousands of tree planting members of the American have Tree association That wag that we must to tbe and In hls report forwarded look ahead congress by President Hayes he said: VtJ to the possibilities of forward “‘In looking tuture supply of timber we cannot expect (unless ho tar as may be derived from Canada) any assistance worth noticing 'from foreign countries “depend upon”oursehes“ and must” substantially for what ever we may require to meet the vast and varied wants of our population Although In some Instance the consumption may become Iron In civil and less as of the substitution-o- f naval architecture or of mineral coal ‘for fuel demand we can scarcely exect that the general will ever decrease but It will steadily advance and with our Increase In wealth and numbers hat Its supply must depend upon growth within ur own territory and as the native timber Is It must be re reared under the care xhausted ind direction of man — It Is Indeed true that 1 Franklin B Hough the first forest agent never dreamed that thousands of young men (such as those shown In this picture) would be sent Into the forests as a Civilian Conservation corps to aid In saving our trees 2 Erosion control work and reforestation ge hand in hand In many places Sixty years ago when the first Inquiry was 'made about foreet resource by Franklin B Hough tho tractor wee unknown In this work S Insect control Is one of the big problems facing the foresters of today Tho posts take an annual toll ef millions 4 Blister rust control crows of tho CCC art at work In hundreds of national forests (All pictures' courtesy the American 7 re aeoociatlon) - timber will grow through nan’s neglect where ever tho soil and climate do not forbid but with and Intelligent rare there Is no forethought cultivation that1 better repays tbe attentlos stowed upon It than the growth of forest trees' "That last phrase Is very Important 8 let us see what has happened In tbe 00 years stnee President Hayes sent those words to congress Today there are In tho national forest shoot 173 million acres We have forest experiment stations located at the best points about the land The work of the United States forest service la divided Into 10 regions It has tremendous seed due beds In production A magnificent laboratory at Wts Is finding out more and more Madison about wood and what can be done with IL schools ef "Today there are many forestry and many colleges teach something But more about It In one way or another portant than this to my mind Is the fact thal the 4hey American people today are are for a national forest policy This It dee to the fact that the school teachers and the editors of tbe land are “The work begun by the OCC must be In this project there are tied together man conservation and forest conservation There can be no better training for a young mas Just out of school than to give him two years ef woods schooling two years of two years of that s knowledge ing Hough said 60 years ago there Is no cultlvatloa that better repays the attention bestowed upon tt than the growth of trees” The state of New York Is one of the leaden and much of the credit in forest conservation for that fact Is due to the man who this year to being hailed as “the first forest agent— Frankhs B Hough were Among hls later publications ‘The Elements of Forestry Information Concerning the Planting and Care of Forest Trees and “Report on Forestry” both published In 1882 f Tvew TIovrTJavia-B-Hi- lt York signed the bill creating a forest commlsslon In New York Hough had been Influential In bringing that about but he did not live to see the full fruition of hls efforts He died three weeks later — on Jnne 6 1885 Last year In connection with the celebration of 50 years of foe estry In the Empire state hls home st Lowvllte was dedicated to hls work This year hls service to the canse of forestry which he made 60 years ago through Is to be commemorated the United throughout President States Pack of the American Tree association has sounded the keynote to that commemoration by dedicating the new edition of tbe “Forestry Primer” to Hough In It he says “Tbe date 1876 Is destined to be an Important one in forestry history Just as 1876 marked th centennial of our political Independence so wbes tho forestry history of this country Is written will It mark the beginning of our economic “But I prefer to look nhead to 1976 when otnr country marksThe Jwohundredtb anniversary - It will also be a of Its political Independence Will this country have adforestry centennial vanced toward economic In a foe Independence American people win estry sensei I believe the bring about that situation “I believe the fine given the edu- cational campaign of the American Tree association by newspapers and magazine editors will ong before that date have aroused the public ' demand that timber be grown on thousands of ores of wliHt Is now Idle land as a inject of public policy” 9 Wnitra Newipipw Unlow |