Show TIIE GARLAND TIMES GARLAND Seal Symbol of Power U S Great It Is Used Only Upon a Warrant Signed by r the President two congresWashington— While have been seeking committees publicity newspaper In tor themselves investigapromoting tions of legislative lobbies the Federal Trade Commission has quietly taken the position that “legislative activities” on the part of are or business Interests Individuals not so bad Strangely enough the commission heretofore lias been la beled as rather radical but In this stance it has taken a much more conview of elTorls of private servative to olti7ons protect themselves than have the members of congress The commission made known Its position In only one case but the undera view standing Is that It represents of a majority of the commission members and that In all probability there will not be much fuss or furore again the efforts of private citirespecting zens to engage the attention of their when their elected legislators are In danger No such attitude Is in evidence at the Capitol Certainly no such evidence has been given by Alabama’s Senator Illack and his senate InvestiThe house Investigating committee gating committee under the chairmanship of John J O’Conner of New York has not been quite so ferocious but It has not overloked opportunities to get on the front page of newspapers whenever possible Tbe two congressional Investigations have come to be regarded by Washington correspondents largely as farcical I reported to you some weeks ago that the probable result of the congressional Investigations would be the smearing of many men of wealth and tbe of corexposing of any shortcomings porations on which the committees could lay their hands That has been tbe result to date and the outlook has As far as anyone not been changed can see now neither committee Is going to adduco any evidence or that will be helpful In the framing of legislation — that Is the basis investigaupon which congressional tions proceed and it Is the only bnsls In law they have for such Inquiries In support of the assertion that there Is much publicity sought one needs only to reflect on the circumstance of those two committees engaged In a battle to obtain the testimony of Howard C Ilopson the big shot of the Associated Gas and Mr Ilopson has been company sought to give testimony respecting his company's lobbying activities and was looked upon by the chairman of each as a star witness— a star committee because he Is one of the biggest men In the utilities field and therefore good headline material We here In Washington saw the spectacle of subpoena hearers from each committee chasing through tbe streets In a race to hotels where Mr Ilopson was reported seen The elusive Mr Ilopson was not discovered In any of the three hotels where rumor said Then rumor got he was quartered busy agalu and a process server raced wildly over the Virginia roads to the nenrby estate of Attorney Patrick J Hurley who was secretary of war In President Hoover’s administration and who has served as attorney here for the Associated Gas and Electric company at times past It turned out thnt Mr Hopson was not at the Hurley homo and the faithful process server was forced to return empty handed sional Legislation Lobbies Hut to get back to the Federal Trade Commission Ita position may yet be regarded as deter- D cheat 9 mlnnble only on the merit of an individ Question ual case or circumstance That Is to say the commission probably has not condoned sharp practices In the relationships between private business and ofllclal agencies The action of the commission In this Instance was with reference to a motion of counsel for the International Association of Ice Cream Manufacturers The attorneys asked that the commission strike out of the complaint against the association three paragraphs which charged association and members with attempting to urge legislation and local ordinances “In bad faith" That question of course Is very delicate It presents a collateral question as to whether when an Individual seeks legislation of a protective character for hU own Interests or legislation that will aid him In his business he has done so “In bad faith" Undoubtedly there mny he times when bad faith could be Hut in discussing this charged phase of the situation la many quarI found the conters In Washington sensus to be that protection of property can hardly be cataloged as effort made In bad faith Nevertheless the politicians at the Capitol take a different attitude and they do not hesitate to follow through any scent they obtain of Information which when published will hit newspaper front pages The reason regard the action of tbe Federal Trade commission as being so significant is that the comiula deals with literally thousands of Individual tuslnesnes each year It has Jurisdiction to order elimination of unfair trade practices and to expose Just plain cheating In private business Therefore copinilsslon may be said to have a vital Influence tin the lives and businesses of those whose operations may he characterized us small and Important only In small cominmd ties aa well as on the great masses of capital a ml national trade associations Since the commission lias shown a willingness to consider the rights of Individuals to foster their own Inter believe esls some observers that lla prestige wlllbe enhanced and that we may find In the future that the com mission a will he popular governmental unit rather than one which business looks upon with fear slon the Throughout the Roosevelt admlnls trutlon we have observed almost dally that announcements Executive! the President has done this that or Orderm the other thing “by executive order” In the rush of legisto help us over the lation designed 1HXI orders executive emergency In came thick and fast No one thought a great deal about them It was for them to emerge from the White House In such numbers but believe It was the general desire to forget the precedent that was being established at least In numerically executive orders because the Issuing of the acute conditions In the country Subsequently attention was called olllelally to the great number of these ordepg and they had the force and effect of law It was the more Important because the Supreme court of the United States called attention to the facts The court digressed far enough In a weighty opinion which It rendered to suggest It was Impossible for the average Individual to know what these executive orders contained what Inhibitions prohibitions were prescribed and what rights If any a citizen had left of Early on the afternoon of July i 1770 the Continental congress meetresolved itself ing in Philadelphia Into a committee of the whole momentous piece of legislation wus a It— declaration before that “the'-United Colonies are and of right ought to be Free and Independent States" After a time the president reported favorably on the measure was taken and so It came about little before two o’clock the col onles olllelally declared their Independence from the mother country But even then the congress did not cease Us labors for the dnv Meeting again after dinner It decided to take steps to complete the evidence of the Independence of the United States It laid Specifically plans for the adoption of nn official sign of sovereignty— a national coat of arms a Great Seal On July 4 1770 the Continental vote UTAH that Dr Frankcongress “Resolved lin Mr J Adams and Mr Jefferson to prepare a device be a committee for a Seal of tbe United States of America’’ The first die for the Great Seal was cut In 1782 This special sign reof the American of sovereignty public Is affixed to documents signed President These by the Include: of all cabinet officers Commissions diplomatic and consular officers who are nominated by the President and confirmed the senate all cereby monious communications from the to the heads President of foreign convenall treaties governments tions and formal agreements of the President with foreign powers all all by the President proclamations to foreign consular oltl exequatur cers In the United States who aru the heads the of appointed by governments which they represent to warrants by the President to receive persons surrendeted by foreign governments under extradition treuttes and to all miscellaneous commissions of civil officers appointed by the President by and with the advice and consent of the senate whose apare not now specially pointments directed by the law to be signed under a different seal When the Great Seal Is attached to a document It attests the verity of the Presidential signature Sain Chief Justice Marshall In 18Q3: “The signature (of the President) Is a warrant for affixing the and the to the commission Great Seal Is only to he affixed to Is complete an Instrument which It attests by an act supposed to be of public notoriety the verity of the signature ‘It Is never to be affixed till tbe tha because Is signed commission w hlcb gives force and efsignature fect to the commission la conclusive that the appointment Is evidence presidential made" Save with Simoniz! you’ll find it pays! Simoniz Simoniz your car finish last makes a car beautiful to stay —and the A dry cloth wipes longer Cleaning too ia easy dust and dirt off without scratching And your car sparklet as bright as ever again Always infill on SimonSx nd Simona Kltcncr For your pro tie lb famous trad Mark "Suuonii" is svory coo toe RJIEWEI©U§IE EKDTEIL O A A TIME SAVER Distinctive Residence o Prepare biscuit or muffin dough when convenient Set in cool place and bake hours later if you wish You save time in using Double Tested — Double Action An Abode renoivned Throughout the West BAKING POWDER Same Price Today as 44 Years Ago 25 ounces for 25o You can also buy P 11 19 ounce can for see 11111 1$ ounce can for X 5 that that or Tho American Liberty league which addressing Itself consistently to affairs analysis of governmental forms me between March 4 1033 and the end of July '1035 Mr Issued more than one thousand two hundred and fifty executive orders offices also say that this The league Is a greater total than the number of executive orders Issued over the preceding 10 years Some fifty new agencies and additional branches of existing agencies or have been created by the departments simple expedient of an executive order These new agencies hnve embarked all sorts of projects never even upon discussed at tbe time of the enactment of the law under which they were sued Is that addition claimed In Is to the executive orders It that something like twenty thousand admlnlstra-OrderUpon tlve orders have been Issued by officials of Orderm various whose sole legal basis for their acts was an executive order signed by the President orders “The examples of executive which have heen cited show clearly a legislative power’’ the usurpation commented In a statement longue sued the other dny “By no stretch of the Imagination can many of these be ders regarded merely as ministerial acts In execution of laws enacted by Policies are Involved the congress which under the principles of democracy should he passed upon by the congress members of which reflect the agencies When the sun is blazing hot your motor heat goes up too! 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MOTOR runs lots hotter in why you must have oil that maintains high film strength under extreme temto peratures get safe lubrication Otherwise the lubricating film ruptures and the bearings and cylinders suffer damaging wear YOUR That’s Plain mineral oils have little film strength and oils by new cleansing methods have even less As motor heat goes up these oils rapidly lose film strength You’ll get better motor protection with Conoco Germ Processed Motor Oil Timken machine tests prove that it has 2 to 4 times greater film strength than any plaia mineral oil and that heat above 225° does not lessen this advantage More proof— supervised road tests were made in identical cars fitted with the new alloy metal bearings used in many 1933 cars The bearings lubricated with a plain mineral oil showed 45 more wear than those lubricated with Conoco Germ Processed the first alloyed oiL You’ll be certain your motor is safely lubricated even at high temperatures if you say “O K — Drain” and fill with Conoco Germ Processed Motor Oil — the oil with the “Hidden Quart” that stays up in your motor and never drains away of varying viewpoints of citizens of different areas and schools of thought So long as Judgment of the entire membership of the congress Is applied to Important questions a balance will be maintained In the public Interest It our scheme of govern Is contrary ment to place supreme power In the as hns hands of a single Individual been done In European countries where parliamentary bodies have become nonentities Encroachment by the executive upon legislative prerogatives m violation of the letter or even of the Intent of the Constitution smacks of autocracy and despotism It Is subversive of popular government" So long as executive orders and ad mlnlstratUe regulations Issued under them Involve only administrative practices there Is seldom much public terest In them Always after enactment of legislation the administrative agencies designed to curry out tbe pro visions of legislation Issue rules and regulations Interpreting the statute But It Is to he remembered thut in such cases the authority Is In a statute and that statute Is In printed form and widely distributed other In words Individuals have an opportunity to know what the law Is and have no excuse for violations of It Such Is no the case however vvlih executive or dors They are Issued from the White House and copies are filed with the iJepartment of State Ordinarily they get no further publicity and the aver age man In the street has little oppor tunlty to know what they are C Lnlon the to the CONTINENTAL OIL COMPANY’S 60TH ANNIVERSARY So |