Show a ft 11 irm dosa arm idolth a ism aw M ca TO IC ROA S 7 15 e n V aw 7 in q 4 TW T W x J IV ax Ss cywaR M 41 santa anta fe 0 re ign ard trai b A 5 in in public eye dy by JOHN DICKINSON SHERMAN 1119 sixty eighth congress by attempting to inace enact legislation designating the oregon trail has I 1 stir stirred rods up the liveliest sort of 0 hla his idov controversy in the northwest h from st louls loula west to san francisco and north to the canadian line this designation would in effect be a declaration by the united states government that the oregon trail has a national importance beyond that of tho the santa fo trail the mormon trail tho the overland trall trail or any other historic trail to say any nothing of modern roads roada like the lincoln highway and the controversy has developed nil all i sorts of complications states want to know what au thorl ly congress con greBa lina has to change the designation of roads roada already named by them city la Is lighting fighting city for on the oregon trail both from sentiment find from desire for financial finan cini advantage there lire are ninny disputes as to historical facts tile tho source books of western history seem to contradict ono one another in many cases and the oldest of the old timers fire are by the ears cars and of course trail Is lighting fighting trail with nil tin the others more or less combined against the oregon trail congress Con giess seems to have been a bit indifferent as to historical accuracy so BO long as n federal feder nl aid highway kiy selected naturally this does not give ghe satisfaction utah for example dof doia s not want to have its mormon trail wiped out the overland trail has its chiam among dese descendants entin tit s of 0 the forty diners and the contributors of many millions to t the ile building and maintenance of tile the lincoln highway ns a memorial to abraham lincoln strenuously object to tile lie loss of hundreds of miles of 0 improved find marked roadway tim the santa rie fe troll oldest of them till nil has a place in the lie controversy because it la is the parent trail from kansal city to 0 gardner ardner tan incidentally den tolly it mules cornea to public attention on its own ite account count through tile ho fact that council grove groe kan IF Is to celebrate its centennial centenni til august 10 A hundred annual rings have sw swelled elleI the girth of the sturdy council oak patriarch of council grove since the council under its shade secured peaceful passage froin the pawnees and the usages but not mot tile Coni anches for the pale face eager tu to trado trade with tile tho spaniards at santa re fe the senate passed a bill S 2051 designating the oregon trail after afier several leeral cities in idalio oregon and washington had been added by amendments in committee it was introduced by senator mcnary lias ins no nn preamble and must have been carelessly drawn li is designated instead of fort laralle Lar amle ll 11 evidently with the idea that they are ibe same place in the lie house senta tentative tive addelson T smith of idaho introduced 11 bill 11 II 11 it II uter later lie he introduced joint resolution and still later joint resolution which contains additional cities the full text test oi of joint resolution follows whereas the old oregon trail which originated nt at missouri river points and traversed half a continent and was the route over which the great migration of covered wagons and ox teams team went in 1843 and saved the oregon country to the united states and over which tor for many years the home seekers and empire builders but went in great numbers number 0 and made a great terri territory tor Y out of what WAR formerly a wilderness and whereas the oregon country at that time consisted of 0 all that territory between the summit of 0 the rocky mountains and tho the shores of the pacing pacific ocean and between the california and canadian borders and was wan hold held under a joint sovereignty of england and the united states and whose fate for all time was waa settled by the migration of 1843 when approximately one thou thousand tand american men and women faced the perils of tho the desert and tho the wilderness to curve carve out new homes inthe in the oregon country and make it american territory and whereas thousands perished by the way and were burled in aba shallow ilow graves by the old trail and whereas the united states han set not aside as an national monuments many battlefields and other his torio spots in this country and whereas the old oregon trail was waa more than a battlefield and offered d a grete greater challenge to our cour ate for alone its lusty course or of two thousand atla american citizens dally daily faced death without the panoply of war the beating of drums or the flying of t flags and saved a vast empire to this the united 13 states tates and whereas this service has long been neglected and tho the youth of our land have not learned of the heroic self sacrifice of those intrepid pioneers who did so BO much for america avid and whereas in order that thle this the worlds world s most historic highway may be perpetuated in hint history dry und its lt traditions bo be kept alive for all time and in order to show to the world that the american people are not unmindful of the macri ficen of our citizens and do recognize valorous deeds therefore bs be it W LN ai U A P fajr s T ya j 3 air ax carcary 1 l resolved by the senate and house of depre senta tives of the united states of america tn in congress assembled that the highway extending from independence mo and from council bluffs iowa to seaside ore arid and to olympia Olymp ta wash through tile the states of missouri kansas kalaus nebraska wyoming idaho oregon and washington and variously known as the overland trail the mormon road cload the emigrant road and the oregon trail ind and coinciding na as near as may be with the tha system of 0 federal ald aid highways through said states shall hereafter be known as the old oregon trail section 2 that the road herein designated its as ti the 1 0 0 old id oregon trail shall follow as closely as aa economic a c 0 n omi e and topographic lo conditions will permit tho the route traveled by the pioneers in their jo journey orneys westward to tho oregon country over an eald trail and shall extend through kansas city in the state of missouri kansas city gardner lawrence topeka roseville louisville and frankfort in tho the state of kansas thence through Pair bury hebron ebron II grund grand island connect connecting inic with the road from council blurts bluffs through omaha Or nalia remont fremont I and columbus a and n d thence through kearney north platte lewel i ln on bayard and scottsbluff Scotte Scotts blutt bluff in the state of nebraska thence through torrington fort laramie Lar amle douglas casper alcova muddy gap arin an granger kew Kerp and cokeville co ic avlUe kevIlle in the state of wyoming th thedoe snoe through montpelier soda springs pocatello american falls duffey twin falls buhl glenna perry ferry mountain homo home bole boise nampa caldwell thence as an a divided atall via payette idaho and via parma idaho avid aid ontario ore to welser weiser in the state of thence through huntington baker la grange Perd pendleton leton umatilla and along the columbia river through the tha dalles hood alood river portland astoria and seaside in the state of oregon thence through vancouver and on to olympia Olymp ta in the state of washington the hearings by the house committee on roads on these senate and house documents were lively livel y affairs no less tenn fourteen representatives nindo ninde arguments pro and con and the he end la Is not yet tho the mandatory language of the net and the joint resolution raised the question Is congress trying to remake rei nale history the attitude of the pros proa was shown to he be substantially this they do not wish ash to belittle the historical importance of tiny other trail but they claim tin nn imperishable name naine for the oregon troll trail because it and Ws its pioneers gave the lie nation oregon washington washingto n idaho and parts of wyoming and montana therefore they think that the oregon trail in relation to our national growth stands separate and apan from froin fill all other trails and that it it has flag peculiar sentimental and historical entitling it to special recognition by congress suppose the oregon trall trail na as designated la Is historically tori cally incorrect in places ns as was shown by he Q ons what of it ask the pros proa representative 1 enier 0 leatherwood of utah showed that the mormon trail in nebraska was on the north side of the north matto and the oregon troll trail on the south bid aid of that river yet the designs tion proposed would put the oregon trail on the north side and wipe out a long stretch of the mormon trall trail mr leatherwood Is not it a mornion mormon his g great rent grandfather leatherwood traveled the wilderness road bond hard on daniel anonia Bno nia footsteps stepa lie he himself aris born it in ohio and was educated at the university of wisconsin ir ard went to salt lake city in to practice law all utah you see hns has a sentimental interest in the morman trail and its pioneers plon ecra who made a state out of a R desert incidentally mr leatherwood Lem Leat herwood berwood introduced trod a map prepared by the historians office of the mormon church and in connection with it a portion of the historical record vol LX a document not readily accessible to his tc rians this contained among other things a diary setting forth la in detail the movements day by day of the mormon expedition of 1847 under brigham young which founded salt lake city more afore power to the controversy long my may it rage to the increase of interest among the tic people denpe in the fascinating history of the west and the establishment of its history on incontrovertible fact for it opens up ohp whole history of the traps mississippi territory which la Is clo closely tely linked by canin of cause ind and effect here Is it helpful chronology 1641 1541 coronado Coro Coron Rdo begins exploration of american for spanish HOI onan founds santa fe 1762 secret cession by br france to spain of 0 trans trana miss iasi api territory 1789 1760 discovery of san francisco day bay and settlement of california coast by spanish at san ban diego 1679 drake claims coast for or england 1778 cook reaffirms claim 1870 1670 england charters hudson is day bay company 1788 1783 north west company C organized d by scotch fur traders ot of montreal 1821 merger of 11 II n B C and northwestern North 1082 1682 lasalle claims mississippi valley for or france 1780 1760 canada passes to english 1788 1768 french found st louis 1800 spain cedes louisiana territory to france 1728 Rurel russians ans discover discover behring dehring strait 1810 russian operations extend south to san francisco bay 1775 american revolution begins 1778 dark clark captures northwest territory 1788 peace fixes mississippi as an western boundary of american colonies 1792 capt robert gray of doston boston discovers and names columbia river 1803 louisiana purchase from france franca 1804 08 06 lewis and dark clark expedition and beginning of american fur trade 1808 1806 pike explores texas region 1808 astor forms american fur company 1911 founds astoria by sea and expedition under hunt goes overland 1812 war with england 1813 astoria treacherously r sold to north west company 1816 battle of now new orleans balks attempt of british to capture mississippi valley 1818 america and great britain agree to joint occupancy of oregon territory 1823 monroe promulgates monroe doctrine dealing with relations in oregon territory of americans british and russians 1821 santa fe trail opens trade with mexico which has won its independence 1829 first agricultural settlement at astoria 1834 35 85 methodist presbyterian and roman catholic missions founded in oregon territory by lee wh whitman ll 11 aman and do 1842 2 midwinter ride of at whitman to washington U C 1843 migration sets in over oregon trail fort bridger established as first hotel oregon americans outvote brit ashers she r a and adopt provisional government 1844 fafty r ift y tour four forty or fight victorious slogan in presidential election of polk over clay 1848 1846 oregon treaty fixes north line at parallel oregon made territory in 1848 and state in 1859 1852 63 53 great migration to oregon 1846 texas admitted to union 1844 war with mexico and occupation of now new mexico and california 1840 1849 discovery of gold in california state admitted to union in 1850 1859 overland oven land stage stag line 1880 1860 pony express 1889 1869 transcontinental transcontinental railroad completed 1848 1846 cormona mormons leave illinois tor for nebraska 1847 7 brigham young founds salt lake city 1898 1896 utah admitted to union the beginning of the winning of the west la is darks clarks conquest of the northwest territory in the lie revolution for that gave the colonies the mississippi fis is their western boundary that in turn brought about the louisiana purchase in the spring of 1801 from the american side of the mississippi lewis find and clark watched the red and yellow of spain come down in st loula louis the tricolor of france go up and come down and the red white and blue of america go up lip to stay st py instantly they were ott off for the pacific to see what we had bought two years later they returned d as it from the dead thereupon began beban the forty years of the american fur trade which w h I 1 ch explored the west and made inevitable the march of the amerlean american people across the continent and from where old glory went up to stay the american pioneers went forth by various trails for various purposes the santa fe trail was waa for trade with the spaniard the oregon trall trail was worn by a migration of bome the mormon trail ended in an asylum from perse cu ilon because of religion from ono one viewpoint from another because of alien and inimical solidarity consider the consequences of the santa re fe trail it led to the acquisition of texas the mexican war and the occupation of california the discovery of gold started tile the rush of the forty biners over the overland troll trail with salt lake city as the way place it made california a state stale over night followed the overland conch coach the pony express and the driving of the golden spike when the railroads met at ogden today the american people are on automobile highways highway 9 where once ran these wilderness trails every historic spot should be ma markel rk ed nation state and city should vie in setting up memorials to the trappers traders prospectors explorers and pioneers who gave us this arst pi heritage |