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Show DALE, UTAH EMERY COUNTY PROGRESS. CASTLE a kte fejf one t ur.WTO IV If ...f junn zztrcoLzr - si r P'i,,i wlL i'p ?;f!?4H:si By ELMO SCOTT WATSON HE Republican party, familiarly known as the G. O. P. (because Its adherents, pointing with pride to its achievements, among them the fact that in eighteen Presidential elections since it was founded It has been victorious thirteen times, call it the "Grand Old Party"), celebrated Its seventy-fiftbirthday this month. And thereby hangs "a tnle of two cities" or rather the tale of the rivalry of two cities for the honor of being known as the "birthplace of the republican party." The two cities are Uipon, Wis., and Jackson, Mich. In support of Its claim residents of Ripon will take you to a little white schoolhouse and show jou the tablet beside the door on which you may read, "In this schoolhouse March 20, 1854, was held the first mass meeting in tills country that definitely and positively cut loose from old parties nnd advocated a new party under the name Republican." In celebration of that event there was held on the campus of Ripon college, centering about that historic schoolhouse, recently, a pageant depicting the growth of the Republican party and a celebration of the diamond jubilee of the party. The principal speakers at this event were ' .Tames W. Good, secretary of war In President Hoover's cabinet, and Walter J. Kohler, Republican governor of Wisconsin. Residents of Jackson, Mich., In support of their claim to the honor, will take you to a group of oaks standing at Second and Franklin streets and tell you that here the Republican party was born on July 6, 1S54, when the name Republican was adopted by a convention of state delegates. Whether the Republican party was born on March 20, or July 6, 1S54, and whether Its birthplace was Ripon, Wis., or Jackson. Mich., Is relatively unimportant, compared to the event Itself, the critical era In our history during which it took place and the slgnfi-can- t aftermath of that event. The Republican party was born at a time when the dispute over slavery was at Its height. It grew out of the growing opposition to slavery as an institution especially In the states which had been formed from the old Northwest territory. In accordance with the famous ordinance of 1787 the Northwest territory was to have no slavery within Its boundaries after the year 1S00. The ordinance gave to the owners of fugitive slaves the right to recover them even after the runaways had escaped beyond the Ohio, but as a matter of fact the "undergrounds railroads" which aided escaping slaves to their freedom were active throughout this territory. The northern part of the territory was once known as Michigan and Included the present states of Michigan, Wisconsin. Minnesota and a part of Dakota. Wisconsin became a state In 1848 and from Its beginning as a commonwealth was dominated by ardent foes of slavery. Two years after Wisconsin became a state there came to the town of Ripon from New York a man who was to give Ripon Its claim to the title of "birthplace of the Republican party." He was Alvan Earle Bovay, born in Jefferson county, New York, July 12, 1818, and a lawyer by profession. Bovay soon became a leading citizen In the little hamlet of Ripon and his best friend was Jededlah Bowen, the principal merchant of the place. There were only about a hundred voters In Ripon at the time but they had a wide choice of parties for It was at a time In American history when the lines which separated the traditional Whigs and Democrats were breaking down and new parties were constantly being formed. Bovay himself was a Whig and an eloquent and ardent one. He was not so partisan however but that he recognized his party was likely to crumble at any time from the discordant factors within It The dispute over slavery was becoming more acute all the time. The gieat leaders who had sought some way of reconciling the differences between the North and the South over the slavery question were In their graves and the threat of disunion and possible civil war was already looming over the horizon. It seems that In 1S.12 Bovay sugested that a strong antislavery party be formed to be called the Republican party. He broached the subject while on a visit to New York city to Horace Greeley, the famous editor of the New York Tribune. But nothing came of the suggestion at that time. Two years later matters readied a crisis when bill on January 23 the famous was Introduced Into congress. Kiuisas and Nebraska were to be admitted as territories with power vo do as they pleased about slavery, despite the fact tht the Missouri Compromise of 1820 had Xorbidd;n slaves in any states or territories north h Kansas-Nebrask- a iffjMiiil Ia7H?M( l I of the line 36 degrees 30 minutes. In its final form the bill declared the Missouri Compromise, "inoperative and void" because it was "inconsistent with the principle of nonintervention by congress with slavery in the states and territories as recognized by the legislation of. 1850." bill was introduced, When the Kansas-Nebrask- a Bovay wrote to Greeley as follows: "Your paper is now a power In the land. Advocate calling together In every schoolhouse and church In the free states all the opponents of the Kansas-Ne-rask- a bills, no matter what their party affiliations. Urge them to forget previous organizations and to be bound together under the name suggested to you at Lovejoy's hotel in 1852. I mean the name of Republican. It Is the only one which will serve all purposes, past and future the only one that will live and last." During February of thdt year Bovay called again and again to foes of slavery to rally under, the banner of a new party. Late in the month he gathered together In the Congregational church at Ripon a group of those who believed us he did. On March 20, a mass meeting was called In district schoolhouse 2, a small white frame building. Of the hundred or so voters in Ripon, Bovay was able to get to his meeting. They were a varied lot so far as political affiliation was conTo cernedWhigs, Democrats and them Bovay offered his resolution that a new party to be called Republican be organized at once, based on the opposition to slavery. As a result, his suggestion was adopted and the town committees appointed by the Free-Soand Whig parties were dissolved. A committee on organization was appointed, consisting of three Whigs, one r and one Democrat. They were Bovay, bis friend Jededlah Bowen, Amos Loper, A. Thomas, and J. Woodruff. Considering the slow process which usually represents the evolution of a political' party, the growth of the Republican party was swift Under the leadership of Stephen A. Douglas, who was ambitious to be the Democratic Presidential nominee In 1S56, the Kansas-Nebraskbill was passed in May, 1S54. Immediately fierce opposition flamed up in the North and during the summer It continued to burn. It is at this point that the claim of Jackson. Mich., to being the Republican cradle conies to the front. On July 6, 1854, there was held In an oak grove on the outskirts of Jackson a state-widrepresentative mass meeting, acting as a state convention, assembled in response to a call signed by several thousand citizens of of all who were Michigan Inviting the opposed to the extension of slavery. The chairman of the committee of resolution, Jacob M. Howard, wrote and supported a platform of considerable length which was unanimously adopted. It denounced slavery as a "relic of barbarism, a great moral, social and political evil" and declared that it was the purpose of the fathers of the Republic to prevent the spread of slavery, it also asserted that It was now the duty of congress to carry out this purpose by restoring the restriction on slavery laid down in the Missouri Compromise. The delegates also resolved "that postponing and suspending all differences in regard to political economy or administrative and be known as Repolicy, we will publicans until after the contest be determined." They also earnestly recommended that there be called a "general convention of the free states and states as may desire to such of the be represented, with a view to the adoption of other more extended and effectual measures in resistance to the encroachments of slavery." The name Republican was also used later In a Wisconsin convention as well as at state gatherings in the East, held in New York. Massachusetts. Vermont and Maine. The new party gained strength during the next two years as It drew to Its standard various elements from other parties. The Whigs had suffered a defeat In 1852 which had demoralized them and had practically shattered that party. Then, also, there had risen the American party or the All American party, commonly known as the Know Nothings because of the reply they made when asked about details of their organization and supposedly secret ritual. This strange body, founded on racial and religious prejudices, had succeeded in electing governors in several states and had sent nearly a hundred representatives to the house of representatives. The Know Nothings were a conglomeration. Some of them favored the extension of slavery, while others opposed. There were" also the Free Soilers committed to the abolition of slavery by political means. The Free Soil party had been connected with the Liberty party, which had much e fifty-thre- Free-Soiler- il Free-Soile- a e sluve-holdin- g M ADFNCP - BACK TO THE FUNIC wuuua fs?y wtU jMw e "Anti-Nebrask- d ' four-squa- re oppo-sitlo- n "jj !?,", J These leaders hud even more cause to worry four years later. For in 1800 the Republican candidate was Abraham Lincoln and the new was swept Into power a power which it wasparty des tined to hold uninterruptedly for a of quarter century until Grover Cleveland, a Democrat wa elected In 18SB. Cleveland was again 1803. but at the end of his term of office In ISO? marked the beginning of another period of Renub lean domination until Interrupted by Wodro' Wilsons election in W12. And the seventy-fiftanniversary of the Republican party's birth it still in power. h N0tej; 3j EM A'.aP,W,etol.itJ iS THI UTAH i SEE hundreds of children romp-- 1 brown Ing in the sun, their little exposed loin cloths, for bodies except to its rays, is to see something magnificent Added to the sheer Joy of and aborigviewing such an appealing inal sight Is the knowledge that a few months prior to that time this very and happy chilcompany of care-fre- e marked for and thin were dren pale, tuberculosis. It is a sight not easily forgotten. For those who rely too much on cosmetics for color and on stimu lants for vitality, such an experience Is Indeed a decided rebuke. The lesson is unmistakably powerful One cannot but be impressed with the potency of regular sleeping hours, good food, outdoor air, recreation and the sun's rays. However, It is scarcely to be exno pected that the average adult, matter how much Impressed by the sanatorium regime, will in consequence rush to the mountains, divest himself of clothing, tan himself a chocolate color, sleep and eat reguIn larly and otherwise seriously go ofto has nature that best for the fer. That would be asking too much. One docs not engage in such luxuries unless perchance one happens to be I tuberculous ! Jm Be that as It may, while the nation wide movement for better children has been In progress for some years there have sprung up during the same period hundreds of camps all over if J the country in vacation localities J7VH CZfirjPUO where the well child, girl or boy, faccan a over safely and profitably, spend a had taken the same view, and also it or a few months living on weeks Barnfew, tion of the New York Democrats, called the comthe were plan. And a great views extreme their because burners, pared to the policy of a man who burned down idea It Isl More and more, parents as well as his barn to get rid of the rats. The Free Soilers health authorities, are realizing the Free "Free Soil, Speech, flung wide their motto, tremendous possibilities for 'robust Free Labor nnd Freemen." energy and the development of reTo the growing new party of the Republicans came many kinds of political faiths who had the serve power that are offered by the summer camp. a common bond of opposition to slavery all There Is little excuse. If any, to or Kansas" men. Some had been Whigs, deprive your child of the advantages some Democrats, others had turned from such short-liveorganizations as the Free Soilers and of such an institution. Camps exist the Know Nothings. An informal convention, for all pocketbooks, and even for children whose parents lack them which might better he called an organizing committee, was held in Pittsburgh early in 1S5G, at Whether the camp Is a highly restrict ed one in the northern woods or which the name Republican as the title of a nawhether It is beside the small brook tional party was firmly fixed. Among those present at this convention were Horace Greeley and just outside of town, really makes little difference provided that the eleAbraham Lincoln. ments of sanitary, physical and moral The campaign of 1850, the first one in which the Republican party officially participated and, safety are present. Pills and tonics are all very well in incidentally, suffered Its first defeat, is described their place but a systematic outdoor In the volume "Builders of the Republic" in the life for. the children during the sum Yale University Press "Pageant of America" as raer months will do much to make follows : them unnecessary. Get the camp fever. If you can't Meeting in convention In Philadelphia, in February, 1856, the Know Nothings or the American go don't keep the children home on party found sectionalism intruding even into their Let nature make organization. Indeed, after angry debate, most of that account friends with them. the antislavery delegates withdrew, leaving the Back to the southern wing in control. With a platform that atwoods for the youngsters I You, too to divert attention the from tempted slavery question If you can arrange It by crying up the foreign puril, the party went into the campaign with Fillmore and Donalson as its candidates. A USELESS ANTIQUE The Democrats tried hard to present an appearance of harmony. Since the doctrine of popular OT so many years ago many sovereignty was to be their major plank, it was expected that either the "Little Giant," or Pierce homes, more especially In the would be the nominee. But the North so opposed farm and village districts, could althe proceedings in Kansas that the leaders were ways be counted upon to possess at passed over by a man less closely connected with recent domestic events. As minister to England least two reference books the dicJames Buchanan had been abroad during the most tionary and the "doctor book." The trying times. His availability was enhanced because his name was linked with that aggressive possession of reference works and other volumes is usually a superficial foreign policy which had been employed to distract the country from internal troubles. Acceptable to Indication at least of culture. But the South, he could be supported also by the conthe "medicine book" Is an outstanding servative elements of the North. The Whig party, practically defunct, contented exception. It Is an Indication of Ig norance and egotism. If osed It may Itself with Indorsing the candidates of the American party. There was thus need for a even develop into a calamity. party which would stand against the Democrats and There Is of course some excuse for the extension of slavery. This need was filled by the Republican party which had grown with surpeople who live miles remote from prising rapidity since 1854. To it had thronged a medical aid to have something nearby miscellany of malcontents, a fact of which its upon which they feel they can rely in rivals made the most. In spite of its heterogeneity case of an unexpected emergency the party showed remarkable solidarity. AssemAnd It must even be admitted that bling in Philadelphia on the anniversary of Bunker Hill, the delegates, passing over the more promInformation detailing first-ai- d printed inent leaders such as Chase of Ohio, and Seward treatment for accidents and other on of New York selected John C Fremont of California, a young man little known in politics, but toward happenings of unmistakable with a character Is not out of place. record as an of the Far West. The platform vigorously explorer As a matter of fact, to know what the proslavery and jingoistic activity denounced of recent to do for a burn, a scratch, a cut, a , years. The Republicans launched a faint, and many other minor emergencampaign that in vigor and spectacle resembled that of 1840. With cies 19 almost one's duty, even If suras meir cry, they appealed rounded by members of the medical through the agency of newspaper such as' Horace Greeley, of the New Vork editors, profession. But that Is one thing. Tribune. James Gordon Bennett, of the New York Herald, And the treatment of disease Henry by a J. Raymond, of the New York Times, and Uen J doctor book quite another. Watson Webb, of the Courier and Enquirer of New It therefore follows that when York, to the Northerners' dread lest the "Buchan-eers- " you or a member of your family has a expand their domain of slavery. The played upon the widespread dislike for the pain you should not consult page 23 Abolitionists as a means of discrediting the of the valued "doctor," but. you The eccentric personalities of the reshould consult the telephone direcformers, their extravagant acts and still more ex travagant words were a heavy burden for the tory for your favorite or nearest phynew party to carry. sician. As the campaign developed It that the Doctor books are out of date. They were too sectional inappeared their appeal and Republicans have always invited presumption and not sufficiently organized to the country carry Buchanan gained many adherents who guess work. They have made, and alarmed by the apparent radicalism ofhadthebecome still can make, many a funeral. ThereFre mont followers Fillmore took occasion to an' fore, If you are so behind the times na nounce that Fremont's election would endanger the Union In the South, it need own one of them, be ashamed of to hardly be said k Was '"entitled by wait for the first dark night, nR.?UiCan,Sm'' yourself, many with In the sneak It out of the house and bury It The contest was rather dictionary close. before It burie9 yon or some othei celved 174 electoral votes to while Fillmore received 8 from member of the family. Exit. Doctor ,. 'The Democrats had had a close and the si Book Enter, Doctor I m the Republican vote gave the call; old line leaders cause (ffl. 12 Western Newspaper to worry for the future. Union.) npo f "ews ? f .lVE LONGER A forth just a GUNNISONB.... 1 siv8 Gunnison valley wag of wind of fifty mile, Te ended up with snow m heavy frost Sunday night, 4oi damages to gardens and fmit HEBER CITY More cent of the fruit blosnuTw, county were destroy v dv. an life, an k lands an I iins fcere ? I Fi he Thes answer total cost lore com ither ha' Ian to n The bore pnr M nniri. ot the Street lighting system which wa Z pleted a few weeks ago has bee, mitted to the city commission by r, n Rnfilnner UYn1r ricmin uuug, jaj Is given as $11,213.14. Of this amotat the city's portion is SlXflsn ... balance is assessed against abuttjj. -- ,gy.Bu heist in r w HEBER CITY Dairv i,vvi vising one of the ...principal iudustr- i- i TIT TYoaattu tuuuiy, wu; ioe Celi&ufcj june i. ai unaneston. Ths which is1 scheduled one of the b . .1 J A. I Brrttugeu uunug me last eignt joa during which the citizens of waow have turned out to do bonsrtt county . . it. j i ana especially uiBir uiurymeii, clubs doing dairy work. . m. 1 O GD EN Approximately only St pi cent normal potato acreage hai tea planted In Weber county this spring, savs County Agent A. L. ChristlauM The slump is occasioned by the In prices in the two previous years, fti cars will be shiDoed out this ti Acreage in K.aw vauey, Kan, it m third less this year, the agent a l formed. GUNNISON The heaviest fcj snowstorm in ten years, and om i the heaviest snows of any winter hen of late years, visited Gunnison mi vicinity recently. Six to eight Ma of snow weighed the trees, already a foliage down to the ground, and brckt many branches. The electric light service was put out of commissid, and it may take some days to plete repairs. COALVILLE Work on the pant lng ot the Lincoln highway from to Baskin, in Echo canyon, was m menced the past week by the Construction company of employing about 20 men, 10 hats and seven trucks. As soon as ttii stateroai gravel has been placed, the commission expects to begin A the new gravel and placing the mile stretch in condition for tonrist travel. Farm crops km KAYSVILLE sections of this state are reported Md have been damaged by the frost norths! of covered a large portion Utah recently, according to ijtan Beporli tion received in Salt Lake, com? received from parts of Davis W plant" tomato indicated that the been damaged to some extent, m M information was also received ua some fruit in the south of Salt county had been injured. struct tin PROVO Frosts, which follow section and Utah county, " recently,tt BllgUL ouunow. to the n damage considerable done icrops of the section, according Utahcort the into mports coming strawnerry Th were tomato crops in the county nipped, and it of the crop severely ... .. . mat pracucany uuc mi -- -other h will be killed. Beans and , extensive!.'. BUUCJO" m,it UU GROVE-PLEASANT Crops aw . . nlan for thn Wr,.i uisrossiontf.v mm Growers' association of ye,,lri. gjrh x and Manleton to inin " 'Ml em nf tha at at a u lwm t tive marketing assodati, in the First ward with V. a &,Z hall and Tom Marsh, president association, in charge. PROVO-T- the tier, k iolutiona . been; SPRINGVIL am k true, rain terminate Z an-oa- y which were out of t, falfa has likewise Terely by the frost sr ions: U1BU J. JJ covers lMOJJ berry crop this year than lees acres 100 or about iof voar. the annualby released berry crop report of Andrews, stat sticiaa w of States department tt acre JJ shows. If the yield per a W averag the as same is the past few years, 1929 Pro amount to 2,340,000 tth 2.ROO.O00 Quarts in says. the reporU 644,000 in 1927, w 4..iinni&nS ' -1 v CEDAR 0 south of the Colorado river . thusiastic over plans15 torof w the Dr""" m nn IS lion, juuu " dedication of the new bridge Q"3? 1 . wci" ronyon river at uorhia mart respects one of the vl. ..mrR1,', bridges in the worm. the sister state will en mass to the celebration, for a large are on . .. . looking li tan ana omer .alnna 4 w iw teft CEDAR CITV-- The mel highway, one oII.lB" w8sd cenic roads in the world, f Baiket Ball construction in southern In response to the demand for an not be officially opened rf Indoor sport for the winter season, the 1930, when prominent "ejted game of basket ball was Invented by parts of the country win James Nalsmlth. In 18J12, where he participate in the of was instructor In n gymnasium at M. Albright, director Springfield. Mass. said here recently. pJjU . this one of the biggest Shakespeare in Japanese ever to be held at A Tokyo has recently' com he declared. "The his seau" . professor - . .. ..Int.. A a translation of all of Shake e open to iounu 0w to u' f v. u I" w" - exnect speare's writings, having spent " . IVUCll lb i. years npon the work, which Is report ;ourists than ever before. u iu qq a onuiant aeb.levernf.nt edJpii v'Xl |