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Show EMERY COUNTY PROGRESS. CASTLE DALE. UTAH NZMrnmm rnms Liberal Ground Swell American Women Pilots Helped Deliver Planes Which Enabled Red Armies to Launch Offensive Sweeping Over Europe That May Have Been Turning Point of the War to Big Three.' By BAUKIIAGE WNU Service, Union Trust Building Washington, D. C. As the New Year approaches, Washington is preparing to experience the results of two titanic struggles which will chart the course followed by this nation and the world in the decades ahead. One contest will be witnessed on the floors of congress. The other in some unnamed spot where Presi- dent Roosevelt, Prime Minister Churchill, Marshal Stalin and perhaps General De Gaulle will sit down and try to agree on details of the framework of an international organization for the maintenance of peace. The election was supposed to have settled the old issue of "isolationism versus internationalism" but those terms were far too Indefinite to delimit any lasting decisions and since November our allies have s of doubt been strewing along the way, causing many cases land-mine- of jitters in con- gress. There will be debate in the senate flavored with remarks, the tenor of thcfse which criticized the British course in Greece. As to the battle behind closed doors, you can imagine that the American viewpoint will need all the support the President can rally behind it, to overcome the tendency of Messrs. Churchill, Stalin and De Gaulle to fall Into all the old bad habits of their happy power politics days. In order to understand the differences which have already arisen between those who support British armed Intervention in Greece and those who support the state departments action in protesting against It, it Is necessary to take a look behind the scenes and see what these forces are which are bound to shape the new governments of Europe as they are re born after the period of democratic hibernation during occupation or control. Nazi-Fasci- U. S. Favor, ' Self Rule In the first place, there is a powerful, liberal-orienteground swell to be discerned everywhere if we look for it. It is the belief that, eventually, this force will dominate, which has prompted the American "hands-off- " Uncle Sam policy. d merely says: "Let the people of the various countries choose the form of government they want Those who want democracy enough will get it if there is no outside interference. That is one thing to bear in mind. Another is that this ground swell, as I call it, is the result of many difnot merely hunferent factors ger and discontent or faith and enlightenment; not only Inspiration or desperation, but aspiration as well, aspiration toward the natural historical and evolutionary goals of progress which are a part of mans eternal struggle for liberty. The reaction against Nazi tyranny and the successful resistance to German control In the form of the certain generated underground, forces toward freedom and independence. The underground made its own laws, gave opportunity for the coalescence and strengthening of all democratic movements. It was natural when the Germans were driven out that these forces refused to' bow to representatives of any regime, no mattter how beneficent, if it had about it even the slightest odor of sanctified feudalism. It is necessary to get this premise firmly fixed in our minds or else fall into the error of writing off evt ery revolutionary as "communist, including some certainly no whit less virtuous than our own in 1776. It is well to study the France of today in this connection, and interesting to note the comment which appeared in the French press at the time of the first revolts in Belgium and later in Greece where Allied support was given the government in power. The "Franc-Tireur- , whose name indicates the "underground" flavor of its opinion, explains why, so far, France has had no such intermiA-emen- nal trouble. "It has been our great good fortune," it says, "to have a man to protect our honor and prepare the BRIEFS There is a new dodge in A black money market which cashes big checks, thus preventing the record of deposits. But look out, some of those cash deposits may bounce as high as a rubber check. That great sporting race, the Japs, recently organized a weightcarrying race around the island of va. The natives did the carrying. a story of the great THIS issummer offensive of the Red army which historians of the future may write down as the turning point of n the war. It is the of a contribution of the story small group of American women to the success of that drive, of the part they played in making it possible for the determined Russians, who had stopped the Nazi hordes at the gates of Moscow and Stalingrad, to push them back across the plains of White Russia and the mud of Poland to the very German border ... y little-know- Newt jAnalyit and Commentator liberation, who had such character and personality that he is universally accepted, acclaimed and followed by the entire nation as our leading member of the resistance." The last seven words are the "as our leading Important ones member of the resistance." In other words, De Gaulle was able to lead his fellow countrymen Into liberation without chaos because he had the approval of the most active and most militantly democratic elements of the underground. New Spirit In Greece Papandreou, premier of Greece during the revolt, with all his virtues, was no De Gaulle in that respect. I was reliably informed that Papandreou had expressed firm sentiments, that he is, as he says, a democrat and a socialist, that he had a clean record through the occupation. But and what a "but there is. Judged by such standards as I imagine "Franc-Tireur- " would hold up Papandreou was selected by the King with British consent. The motives back of his election may have been honest enough and practical enough from the standpoint of the old order. Here was a man with a good record who, it would seem, could reconcile the royalists and the leftists. But that formula itself violates the' very principles of the new order, and when the began to feel that the cabinet was monarchist and British-made- , they withdrew and their followers refused to give up their weapons. All armed groups in Greece not absorbed officially by the army were ordered to turn in their arms. The police, of course, did not turn in their arms and they were the same police who had helped the prewar Metaxas dictatorship, and later the Germans, "keep order." The "sacred battalion," a group composed chiefly of former Greek officers who fought bravely beside the Allies all through the African campaign (and were charged with containing a strong monarchist element) was not disbanded but became a part of the army. Translate the above into terms of the French attitude and see how impossible acceptance of a Greek government such as that could be to groups thinking as the French resistance groups think. There is every reason to believe that the leftist movement in Greece and elsewhere m Europe, even where the majority of their leaders may be led by communists (as was not the case in Greece) is actually at heart a drive against tyranny and toward democracy. Here again it might be wise to examine some of the opinion, expressed by Frenchmen now backing the De Gaulle provisional government which is a product of the forces similar to those operating in other liberated countries. The leading editorial in the December issue of "Free France," that attractive and informative magazine published in New York by the French provisional government, gives the reasons for the change of attitude toward the French communists as follows: 1. The French communist party joined the resistance movement and later gave its allegiance to De Gaulles national committee. 2. The Comintern was dissolved. 3. The communists rendered invaluable aid to the resistance movement. 4. The striking collaboration of all French patriots in the underground struggle removed many prejudices, including the suspicion of sans patrie" (a political group with loyalty to no fatherland). The editors of Free France cautiously state that it is too early to answer the important questiorl: Have the French communists accepted democracy as it is understood by the western democracies? Nevertheless, they note for the record that so far "the communists helped to draw up the National Resistance council program of March, 1944, tacitly accepting the democratic principle" and "the abolition ef private property is not listed among the immediate demands of the communist party. civilian women ferrying pilots of the Air Transport Commands division, a skilled, determined and courageous little group from among the members of the Womens Air Force Service pilots, popularly known as of the WASPs. This story begins Just about a year The "clouds of planes" which President Roosevelt had promised at the beginning of the war (and at which our enemies had scoffed) were rolling from American producwas making tion lines. Lend-Leas- e these planes, especially the fighter planes, available to our allies, the But its a "long, long Russians. trail from the factories of America to the Eastern front it winds from the Bell Aircraft factory in Niagara Falls, N. Y., across the fertile Mississippi valley, the great plains of the West, the Rocky mountains, the wilds of Canada and Alaska, the steppes of Siberia and the Ural mountains to Moscow, and then the Eastern fighting front. How to get these fighter planes to the Russian front and especially to deliver them in time for the great Russian offensive that was the question. To fly them there seemed to be the logical way, but fighters, with their limited range, must avoid tong overwater flights. An overland route was needed. That need had been foreseen long before and the "trail, previously mentioned, had already been established by the Air Transport commands ferrying division and its Alaskan division. The War department accorded No. 1 priority to the movement of American planes to the Russian armies and the problem of getting them there was assigned to the ATC ferrying division, commanded by Brig. Gen. Bob E. Nowland, to its pilots and its groups. As a matter of fact, planes of many types were moved to the fighting fronts, taken there by men pilots, both American and Russian. But this story deals only with the fighter planes and the Women's Air Force Service pilots. The ferrying divisions third ferrying group, based at Romulus, Mich., was assigned the mission of ferrying the deadly, fast Airacobra from the Bell factory in Niagara Falls to Great Falls, Mont., where the Seventh Ferrying group took over for the delivery to the Russians at Fairbanks and at Nome. ago. 1 BRIG. GEN. BOB E, NOWLAND of manpower, of availability of pilots to keep pace with the output of the production lines. To meet this emergency, the ferrying division decided to utilize the services of its qualified and trained civilian women ferThen, It became a question rying pilots on the domestic section of the "long, long traiL" Each male pilot released from the 1,800-mil- e trip from Niagara Falls to Great Falls simply meant one more male pilot for the long, dangerous hop from Great Falls to Nome. These women hadnt been flying fighter planes . . . light ships had been their assignments in the past . . . but they had long experience, hours in the air and, with a short period of transition training, they were ready for the task. It wasnt a glamorous one. The ferry pilot of the Armys Air Transinport Command is a dividual who lives out of his bag, spends long stretches of time away from his home base, flies long hours and encounters little of the glamour, the heroics and the recognition that come to the combat pilot. These Womens Air Force Service pilots were going to share that lot with the men. So their story cant be one of glamour either. Its merely the record of a job well done. By comparison with the number of male pilots engaged in the operation, the WASPs were a small group. But by comparison, the job they did equaled the performance of their male partners. They delivered from Niagara to Great Falls sufficient planes to completely arm a half dozen Russian squadrons, and they did such a workmanlike job that their loss ratio compares favorably with that of the men. In fact, only three Airacobras leaving Niagara with a WASP at the controls failed to reach Great Falls. The normal flying time from Niagara to Great Falls is approximately nine hours, but the lapsed time on the average delivery probably is three times that great, considering that the ferrying division demands almost perfect weather conditions for the operation of fighter aircraft, and that winter through Minnesota, the Dakotas and Montana and in the Great Lakes region of the Middle West often is far below the minimum required. And when a delivery is completed from Niagara Falls to Great Falls, the pilot must return to the Third Ferrying Group, a ride on the special crewliners provided by the military air transport section of the ferrying division for just that purpose. Yet, despite the ruggedness of the trip, WASPs of the Third Ferrying group delivered Russia-bounfighters from Niagara to Great Falls in a single day, delivered three planes in ten days, which is a feat to equal the best performances of their male coworkers. Barbara Donahue, commanding officer of the Third Ferrying group, WASP detachment at Romulus, paced the delivery of Russia-bounfighters for her detachment, with' nine to her credit, while WASP Mary C. Johnson of the Third group ranked second in the list of individual achievement with seven as her . score. . , WASP Ellen Grey is one of the few pilots who can boast of a one-dadelivery from Niagara to Great Falls, a flight accomplished in eight hours and 18 minutes of actual time in the air, and an elapsed time of approximately 11 hours. Consider that five hours in the air is considered a days work by the average fighter pilot and that the usual de- B-- 4 d y Barbara Donahue, commanding officer of the WASP squadron of the Third, Ferrying Group, based at Romulus field, Mich., poses beside one of the nine Bell Airacobras which she delivered over the "long, long trail" from Niagara Falls, N. Y., to Great Falls, Mont. The Old Sergeant Didnt Want to Be by Daukhage The sergeant was "Old Army." Hash marks indicating nearly 30 Great Britain has found that true of service adorned his left years love (even in Greece) doesnt sleeve, topped by the stripes of a always run smooth. master sergeant. So, you can imagine his reaction The appointment of Archibald when, on reporting as crew chief on as assistant secretary of an army flying boat, he found a state was opposed by certain sena- woman civilian pilot of the Ferrying tors and others on the ground that Division Air Transport Command at he was a poet. It is well they the controls, another in the codidn't have to pass on the confirms pilot's seat. tion of John Huy! "After 30 years in the Army I herd Mc-Lei- a Petticoats. the sergeartt mumbled to other male members of the crew. Grumbling, he supervised the starting of the engines. Grumbling, he settled back in the depths of his humiliation as the huge plane took off. bound for delivery under e to the British at Montreal. "Women flyin in the Army," he muttered in disgust, adding for emphasis. "and me with 'errf. Hell!" lend-leas- But on arrival a different story at Montreal, it was Before Morton Downey depnrted or overseas he was the only bef tainer invited to perform chiefs of staff in Washington. it. . Hap Arnold threw Martin, the screen star now a staff sgt with the Eileen Barton, . France. new canary (and so ea be the ears, too), is making an with melodies natras Tad named Radio reports . a 400 dollar "take" for 1944. Highest come in radio history. . lead Corey (he plays the star Gertrude Lawrence in her touring show) had a tiny part sergeant in "Follow the Girls, Wonderful little Margaret OF waiting permish from her boss to do her own radio program. Heading a panel of quiz kidlets According to an OPA bulletin are 30 billion cigarettes in stores the U. S. right now. The Intelligentsia: John B. Ken nedy is one of the few news analysts who can take the teletypes prosaic reports and turn them into words that march like armies. He steam- rollered American bigots and left them flatter than their heads. . . CBS reporter Bill Downs deft description of captured Nazis: "They have the look of men caught stealing." . . . Criticism over the film "The 7th Cross (alleging it portrayed "good Germans), astonished author Helen Deutsch, who points out that the action in it takes place in 1936 when the underground Germans were trying to purge the nation of the wicked, etc. The good Germans, she adds, included the Manns, Einsteins and other refugees. . . . Pert Lee Carson, the INS girl correspondent covering the war in Europe, inherited the spot vacated fy the ailing Richard Shes with the 1st Army. Richard was invalided home after more years of war thaiv most men would care to have any part of. . , . Irving Berlin, his own music publisher since Sept. 15th, has already sold 700,000 copies of two songs: White Christmas and "Always; The latter is 18 years old. Easy to Crochet! three a form the . scarfs 1 two or QNE, butterflies lovely towels, cases embroidered motifs. in Butterfly In pineapple deHa, In no time. Pattern 723sL pattern of 5 motifs averages t inches; crochet directions. tern send 16 cents in address and the pattern nnm" Due to an unusually large to, current war conditions, slightly,, is required in filling orders lot, the most popular pattern numben Send your order to: yi J Sewing Box 3217 Enclose Circle Neediecraft San Francisco tiier r.H ses h ,, N n (, 16 cents for Patten I th Nn Name- DEi veai - leate Address. he H rf ii t 0U Tre-gaski- s. hard-workin- g d com-munis- ts these women pilots are and conscientious. Theres Betand Pat Dickerson with Archibald ty records of two deliveries in eight days! There are Grace Burge and Virginia Claire with two deliveries each in 10 days. And the chances are that it was weather which kept some of these girls from equaling the record of WASP Johnson. When the movement started, these women ferry pilots were not trusted on the "long, long as traiL They were assigned as wing-me- n to experienced male pilots familiar with the route. But as they gained experience through hard work they were graduated to the fly alone class, and now they take their turns flying alone, still rushing planes to the Russians. But the "long,- - long trail is not the only place in which the civilian women pilots of the Air Transport Commands ferrying division have proved their worth in the two years since Mrs. Nancy Harkness Love formed the first womens ferrying hard-workin- g itself. It is the story Suitt Lint From a Blue Serge Falls livery from Niagara to Great job, Is considered a two or three-da- y and youll realize that Miss Grey to say the least . . . was working overtime." Three of the seven deliveries credited to WASP Mary C. Johnson were made over a piperiod a record of which any be well or man may woman, lot, proud when one considers the sheer physical exertion involved. But while WASP Greys feat of delivery and making a one-da- y WASP Johnsons feat of three deliveries in 12 days are outstanding examples of WASP performance, they are not really unusual. The records of the Third Ferrying group WASP detachment show that all of By ELMO SCOTT WATSON Released by Western Newspaper Union. Underground Coalesces Democratic Groups In Fight for Popular Government; Look Grocliet tor qv Scarfs, PilO FAST RELIEF It COLD DISK G. H. Quotation Marksmanship: Wells: Moral indignation is jealousy with a halo. . . . Anon: Snow slowly laundering the countryside. . . . The quote recently credited to H. Broun, "Experience is what men call their mistakes, should have been credited to O. Wilde. Then we are informed that Musset once penned: Experience is the name men give to their follies or their sorrows. . . . Alan Gale: Was it the Atlantic Charter or just so much Atlantic chatter? . . . Bob Burns advice to after-dinnspeakers: Stand up to be seen, speak up to be heard and shut up to be appreciated! . Eggleston: Journalism is organized gossip. .. ONE-E- ose RELIEF TWO-Red- RELIEF THREE-Lessei- Heodeck fevd. uce RELIEF FOUR-E- RELIEF FIVE-Red- oca No need to Mp strfy ose Ewsdu just sutler frame cold miseries. Grove's Cold 13 get right down Inside snd i ternally on all these uaualiyi at the same time. Take euciljs reefed. Large size saves money. ' Mrs. Lenore Louise McElroy, operations officer of the WASP squadron of the Third Ferrying Group at Romulus field, Mich. WASP McElroy recently made aviation history when she delivered a big Consolidated "Catalina flying boat (designated by the Navy as PBYs and by the Army as at one of the aviation fields in this country. It was the first time one of these big ships has ever been flown by a woman pilot. Since then she has flown more than 80 hours in this type of ship, adding the time to her already impressive total of more than 3,000 pilot hours. RELIEF GROVES COLD TABLETS Gig Hoy Sluggish k Get Happy R:" VS Sjchi B( Cla: eat elopi The Wireless: We liked the reunion with Roy Shields show. This listener hasn't had an opportunity to enjoy it for some time. It remains displaying silky music trimmed with literary lace continuity. . . . Ethel Barrymores regular spot on the dial proves radio drama has emerged from the s stage, despite soft soap operas. Amazing how ordinary dialogue glitters when it comes in contact with Ethels magical voice. . .1. Within three hours one station stabs squadron at the 2nd Ferrying Group the air with 25 singing commercial base, Wilmington, Del., on Septem- smellodies. One dose of that and ber 10, 1942. you turn into Marconis sworn eneSince that date women pilots as- my. . . . Wheezes about shortages signed to the Ferrying Division have skidded into deserved oblivion but the ciggie flown more than 7,500,000 miles fershortage rying planes from factories to des- spoiled it. If you recall the cracks about tinations within the United States. sugar, coffee, meat, et alL Originally assigned only to light liai- you know all the cigags. son and training type planes, they now are qualified to fly 68 different The Story Tellers: For those types of ships, ranging from heavy wrapped in the illusion that fame e bombers down. comes on a silver Of their number, 16 per cent un- traces careers of platter, Pic mag various celebs and qualified to fly class four planes such proves no one climbs the ladder of as the Billy Mitchell and Marauder success without picking up splinters. medium bombers, and 98 per cent . In the Atlantic have made deliveries in class three Lippmunn examines Monthly W the stumbling e planes such as trans- a ucks that might become tomb ports. But, in the ferrying division Relies for the post-wa- r world. You h emphasis is placed on the ferrying lVP 10 t, "at for tomorrows of lighter type s t confirm planes and fighter his planes, and it is significant to note read today's Runt warnmgS-j- ust pages. that 68 per cent of the women pilots u.eu tmns m a vivid job of in this division are now qualified emotions with his fighter pilots, making regular delivJPevn.vr via Esquire. A GI's long-O- s eries of Airacobras. Mustangs for home is something so great Thunderbolts and Warhawks. t -- ikes the mind up as with Of even greater significance is the it -- nS fact that 100 per cent of these utKes it nh pilots aching." hold army instrument ratings and Pearson gets as much out of tea are qualified to make cross leaves as Aladdn, country got from his lamp! flight under weather conditions ln Cosmopolitan of Al- Iie4 riurCa6t which require the use of instru alreadJcTnrtrue011 1945 haS ments. Ca G.I Jo iwes OA-lO- s) Ro A test knee-pant- f mikes punk as the dickens, brings o upset, sour taste, gassy disco Dr. Caldwells famous mediane on lazy iniuw the WHEN CONSTIPATION stt i It t trigger pull U help you feel bright and chipper DR. CALDWELLS is the wondtt laxative contained in good old Spa sin to make it so easy to take- - v MANY DOCTORS use pepsin prei in prescriptions to make the medio palatable and agreeable to taka your laxative is contained in Sjru' 's U The une! each INSIST ON OR.CALDWaiS-tt'- JJ of millions for 50 years, and feel some relief from constipation. children love it. CAUTIONS Use only as irected. four-engin- DR. (MW SENNA LAXATIVE SYRUP! twin-engin- . trans-Sulcie- . nr, Petticoat Herder Ti "I'm sorry, mum." the greeted his pilot, "for whatsergeant 1 said back there. Id a dum sight ruther ride with you than a lot of them young fellows." That remarked WASP Piiol Lp nore McElroy, a veteran woman civ ban pilot with 3.000 air her credit, "was about hoursfine" the compliment ever received." see. the sergeant is crowding :,o any male who flies I young fellow" in his veLrui,' " GreatTonte See how Many DuW U: ScotrtJ good-tasti- helps tone up your up stamina snd resistance m If there is a dietary deficiency Vitamins. Its easy I daily throughout the year. &-- at your druggisfj system! pl Sc-TZ- dln8 emotional " ,ht '"rring save ma , k?'nu,';m',n stars. Long mav they nV! dy- - ' anii, .8 ane r , 48 !( !y q 1 (zszsz, , Pe-.e- la8Sa ' were ' ' the ,mtM r5v033P GELD mmm 4wi:l Jei |