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Show V Tiir. ni-.sr.ni- m.'vs. n' liver v e 11 (I U JT BusyTimes Recently In Deal-- : ing With theWhiteMetal-Silv- er Dollars Melted By Millions To Ship Abroad-H- ow Silver Is Refined and and Made Into Money. By Robert T.gh lirS&v?, YAKfsrtXjrAr) ho dh4 .rn.il (b.o( la unprecedented .uuUtlw, tad It bed U be ba furnished. Be tb. pros have kept tolar unceasingly to manufacture Ilvor dimes, quart. r. and halves. Not a sliver dollar ha been minted; tb.ra waa ao a.d. Indeed. tha vault, f tba Treasury. for to. lb. many raara bava b.n gorged with "cart-wbodollar, unuwd for anr purpose .xc.pt a a bMl for tha la.ua of .llv.r cartlflcata representing them. People do bot Ilka thee bit. h.avr coin., tbar pr.f.r paper dollar. Two roars ago tb Traaaurr had mor than 110.000 000 .llv.r cart wheat dollar In stock. Oraat Britain waa la desperate need of silver for Oermaa props coinage la India. gaada had created a B.arpanlo among tb natives. who. being led to believe that England was not solvent demanded silver from the government in exchange for the paper money they held. There waa bot tnough allvar on hand to meet the demand, and an appeal for supplies use addressed to Uncle Bam. Melting Millions Ray Bakar, Director of the Mint Bureau at Washington, proceed d thereupon (with permission from Congress) to melt great quantities of iho silver dollar, nearly all of which al I 1 7Z43 S"4 roll.. ef thorn "rva throufb thereby converting them from stamped dtkt into elongated ovala In this shape they were exported ex bullion. It was a profltahls dT for I'ncls Pam. Inasmuch as ths metal contained In the dollars originally dost him an v.raga of only It cants an ounce, while ha aold H at twlca that figure. Congress, however, has provided that all of the sliver dollars tha used (hall, later on. he put back Inte the Treasury which means, of cour. that an equal quantity f silver must be purchased and minted. It has authorised the payment of 1 an ounce for It In (he last fiscal year the mint were driven to the expedient of melt-ing MOO:O0O perfectly good plunk for conversion Into smaller coin. ' The U. 8. mints last year actually handled 01.410 'short ton of pure silver! It waa nearly thres tlmaa as much as they had been called upon to deal with in any previous iwelvd-mont- y Refining the Bnllloa When Uncle Bam wants silver for colnago, ho buy It ordinarily In tbe open market, paying the current price. Ho gets tt in the form of bullion, from tbo dealers and tha first thing he doe with It I to put U through a process of refining. At the mints the bullion lx melted In electric furnaces this being a new of dealing with tt. It I then for a wbll. In the rytind.r, ohirb t brilpoured, as a fluid, tale Iron molds, kspt revolving, they acquire from which, after cooling. It comm liant polish from friction uiih the "fine-nosa out In the shape of brlrka Tb aasdusl. end com sul bright end of Iho brick, la d.tsrmmed by glittering. Tb.y are new reedy te be assaying smalt pieces taken from them. j stamped with the dee.gna shirk Irene-Th-e form them Into current cotna of lb brick, tb.n go to the mke-uroom. where they are again melted, realm. la earlier day coins were relativeenough copper being addtd to make tb mixture 01 per cent, silver end ly crude In form (though as far beck 10 per cent ef the baser meiaL This as the times of ancient Oreece end mixture I rta Into molds, out of Rome thslr dea'rna wee Mgh'y' arwhich It comes In tb form of wbet tistic). because minting processes were ero railed "Ingots. la the language 0 primitive. But an mint ef the mints, tb Ingou are 000 la equipped with machinery really fine. wonderful la It ingenuity sad com71 Ingots are sliced into strips pleteness. by which metal money la which are rolled ta a machine to the turned out almost without Intervenexact thickness of the coin that ere tion by bumaa hand each piece parto be mad. The strips ere passed ted. exactly like every other ef the beneath a punch, which asm. k:nd. xad of a weight deter-u.ne- d Isngtbwls to Ih fraction of n grain. fumpo rapidly up and dosn, punchTha final operation I performed by ing outkdtk tbnt fell Into a receptacle beneath. ftamplog machine, each coin rec.lv lag simultaneously the Impressed deFinishing the Blanks signs for both obverse end reverse, Tha blanks nr then pul Into machine which gives to each from two dies, one above and on on a raised rim all around, called below. During the last fiscal year the 'Ban tb -- milling"; aad the asm machine contributes the "reeding. which t the Francisco mint struck II. lit. 100 sileerie of corrugations surrounding the ver pieces for the rhlllpplno Islands edge. Take a look at any silver coin, llut from this time on thst protector, and you will understand Ibe Import- ate of our will make Us own metal All the machinery required ance of these features. Next, the money. mint at blanks are shoveled Into a chemical for establishing a at ths Philabath, to clean them, whence they ere Manila was constructed mint, and shipped across tb scooped out aad poured Into a cylind- delphia rical box containing baaewood saw- Pacific some months ego. It will be operated by elect rlelty. dust. Colne for I'ordgh Countries At this stag the blank are dull Our minis, by lb way, make a white, and do not look like silver at alL But. after being tumbled about great many coins for foreign govern- way p an-oth- ar full-fledg- Paszfi avev-- !ySsterCLxrr?J p. hlt a l'a a Copyright, m International Syndics!. of the ley widely known because of the con- 1920, The OST persons think Yosemite Valley when they test to secure U a a source of water thlnk'oTJBe Tosemttu National. sappty'for'8anFfinclsco:Thef li also tho Grand Canyon of the Tuopark and UUs lx tho asectlop small lumne which John Muir pronounced a usually visited but tt Is only part of tho great expanse which tha wonderfully exact counterpart ol the Government-jfrcedTage-mitTosemlte National for enjoy. The Park lx easily reachedmiles Park has two large rivers which run and forty it is only one hundred the Tuoe parallel for some distance from San Francisco. Its glactalland-acaplumne and Merced. The Tuolumne to tho and are astounding, river roara through a canyon of the groat Ice King of Nature that John same name and sweeps through the Glacier Age; tho of King majestic gorge of the Hetch-Hetch- y exMuir and others who have madnttrib-ute Valley while the Merced flows quietly haustive studies of the .Valley Other through the beautiful Yosemite ValIts beautiful formation. the ley. Speaking of this river John Muir but advanced been theories have says; "Down through the middle of peglmctal the thinkbest authorities the Valley Cow tbe crystal Merced. I a depreeriod was the maker. It Mercy, peacefully quiet, ,by River of"Tniesalid eia&'ird ''treti ' SB J IB there high glacial rocks, and today frail and fleeting things rocks; several are a few pmall glaciers and and types of endurance meeting here t lake glacial and blending In countless forma, ae ff Xosrmlte Valley Only Part Of Park into this one mountain mansion, NaThe country to the north of the ture had gathered her cbolceM treasfamous Valley also belong to the ures. to drew her lover into closo and -- National Parle and for twenty year confiding communion with her." scientists have been tryihg to drsw atMagnificent Falls tention to It but with little success. Is visited by tourist Yosemite The of the Th Valley Is only a small part to Park for there are ether remkrkable tb year round Inbutitstho best Istlmu from glory Val see the Park area such as the Hetch-Hetch- y mye-terlo- ui d . May and falls are perhaps the main glory of tho Valley though opinion may differ according to individual fancy. A number of streams In the Park make their way to tho gorgo which' wo call Valley and stem to deliberately fall- over as if with Intention of creat1 ing a beautiful sight. The gorge so high that frequently the volume of water Is divided on Its rush down the sides oflhe rock and often the falls expand to greattr width near tho bottom and sway and bend with every changing wind. Rainbows flutter over 'h'fiaThrough tliexe fxllmred many ot them have a lacey, apraylng appearance and a misty, airy witchery. As one; enter the Valley proper he Is greeted with falls and aa he goea slowly down the plateau through which winds the Merced he sees falls tumbling first from ono side and then from tho other. ,Tbeo falls are different Ths Ribbon Fall heights and width and hundred drops twenty-thre- o other drop six hundred, three hunthousand feet as tho case dred, Msy kvOvw .cliffs oi polished, grandam of Liberty ite. under Cap, the Nevada Falls, tb wildest of tb Yosemite cataracts, plunges flve feet into an hundred and ninety-fou- r masses abyss. Detached, comet-lik- e shoot down and banners of "rainbow spray fly aa tho falls reach tho Valley. Nevada and Vernal Falla are In tho midst of remarkable rock scenery and the latter plunges from a granite ledge Ukeaan endless shower of shooting star iOno of tho most beautiful of - d7 -- . fft . -- thbad -- the falls Is Ulilouette which plunges six hundred feet At times the wind catches the great volume ef water and bolds tt for a moment so that It seems to rest on air only.. to "collapse with renewed rush later. , A Botanical Garden The valley la about seven miles Jong, three-fourtof a mile deep and on mils hia:OTIt bar a with grass and tree and tb river Merced beautifies it. The shooting star, primrose, tiger lily. Mariposa lily, black-eye- d Busan, paintbrush, larkspur, violets, are her and bota.ilstx claim that It Is ao exaggeration to say that there may bo ovfcr a thousand varieties of flowers ta the park area. Different altitudes. Irregular topography and add variety of conditions give a flora of divers aad Interesting character. fldor-eever- . f Juno being the preferred months for at this time the waterfalls are heavy. These The Yosemite Is a Treasure Ground for the Tourist and Here Nature Is Shown In All Her Camper Moods and In Endless Variety. yyvn flAmr Whan It is oenaldered that silver find their way bach t tb Treasury dollar contain a trifle lea then four-fift- h (chiefly through the banks), nad, ba- i i A ef es unc ef silver, end that in worn ont bnve la be replaced with the government paid aa average ef fresh sol ns. They are needed at tbe esly (I cent aa auaco for the silver minis, bat. asm ef their material that went into thee de Iters. It wtU belhg gene, (100 wertfe ef them will be seen that Unde Bass made'h bag set make 10 worth ef new pieces Metal ha I be added, aad the eeel .V them. prefit This kind ef profit by eel sag le ef U comes cot of Undo Barn's packet. If yea will make a Mach ef tea railed --seigniorage. tb term naming do va from a ported wbea the lord bra ad a rw dirt as. nad pat alongside ef II lea dimes Mint have reached your ef any domain that leaned Its money claimed each everplit aa be- pockot ta tho ohapo ef change, you longing to himself. There was always eill be surprised ta find how much temptation te debase the local cur- taller the first etach Is than the second. rency. hi graft being thereby pro- Those com peeing the taller have bee worn perceptibly thin. portionately Increased. The wear aad uar e Oliver subThough stiver U new ee high In colas la 'oireuladea averages fiscal Uncle Bam tbe last sidiary daring plica. year managed le make a clear profit about I seats ea the dollar, aad this Y ef 4.m.lll on coinage ef that metal loss tbo Treasury has to make good. h . ghorv Lived CUn 'V More proAt ee Pm a 11 Pteora s ef a ller quarter ta .A Ills profit on tbe coinage ef nubmd-lar- y The 1U diver la greater than en standard cons lent alruulatien la only four r halves, quarters and flve yearn, at tb end ef which It meals, of sliver and ether metnla dollar, bee use leas ef tb precious has te b retired nad replaced with a Last year they supplied to Porn dims contain A. dim, which passes from metal ta proportion te their weight new en hand t hand much ofteaer. sufftr a 1 blanks, equivalent la vatu te English wear aad tear proportionately mor 4 ta m41, eoverelgns; also Urg quantities ef e,UM ,f would rapid. ot ibr nickel and brons minted coin le Ar- bo temptation to malt for commercial The elleer eota bow la the United gentina. Nicaragua, and 8 lain. All purpoeee Iho small plocoa, which are States I reckoned bp the Mint Bureau such work I don by Uncle Bam at of groat Importance a a medium at at 1. f II. 110.014. For gold eota tho cost as a matter ef International exchange. Inch temptation wonld estimate Is ILI1I.I11.TIT. But there-lcourtesy. relatively little gold coin la cir- 15 exist, ef course. only when silver was From 1111 to lilt tho mints devot- high la pries In eld tlmaa, whew the culation nowaday, tho Treasury hav- ni ed their atiention mainly to tho coin- metal was dear, the practise of molt- ing gobbled It np aad Mored U away ..i ing of silver stsadard dollars Plenty ing email polos gave rise to famine In vaults, Issuing paper money te repof gold cotna being on hand, few ef ef change, so that poetag stamp and resent It. ts J worn nmploynd aa subTb quantity ef silver eoneumed that metal were minted, tbo gold that evsa ' came In from tho mines being held a stitutes. tbe Industrial arts la enormous. Dup- m bullion. Thus there cam to bo a Tb government loses quit a good ing tb last fiscal ysar no less than deni of money by tb dimnaltloa of 11.1(1411 fin ounces ef the white great accumulation of gold la tbo hands, chiefly bold at tbo weight nf sliver eolpa while Is circu- metal were utilised la this country mint In Philadelphia. lation. Most of (hem sooner, or (alee for purposes other then coinage. on. Mountaineers long to ascent the rounded surface of this Dome but few have ventured. Three Brothers, Washington Column, tho Royal Arches, North Dorn. Basket Dome rise la stern. apd Immovable majesty with their feet buried in groves and meadows and clouds ground, above and belaw their summits. It 1 an entrancing picture. Oldest Living Thing The trees era soma of tho grandest for they attractions In are some of tb finest In the world. They grow to enormous sis, and aro Bom wer growing well distributed. when the Hebrew left Egypt They have bean called tho oldest living thing In the world. They grow to a height of three hundred feet with a circumference of on hundred feet at tha baa and In places the bark la forty Inches tn thickness. These sequoia ar distributed la meadows, and canyons and stand forth on praga and ledges. In further May to November ' Chs7 1 . zzrArzr. fc -- 4 AtsXr&AAXr . &&?&?' rSAxs 7sy?jrsrrz)" , , ,,d HW been'"04 i?"'couotrr (Turk. The jmm. Tho charm of these wild flowers la enhanced by tho 'severity of .the surroundings for many. of the. cliffs look like fortresses or colloasa) figures. Hugo Cliffs As one enters tha Valley 1 Capltan 1 at tha right Guarding the Inner sanctuary' is thla steadfast Rock of Ages while almost - opposite Bridal Veil Falls drop in A fluUer down several hundred feet. Cathedal Spires, Sentinel Rock and Glacier Point are encountered later and on tha south well tho great granit monolith; Half Dorn towers over four thousand feet above the valley. A sheer two thousand feet precipice on this Dome Is supposed to have been formed by the sapping of the sneient glacier that carved Tenaya Canyon and polished tb flanks o! Clouds Rest which Is districts they are mads sunny by openings. Three groves nr especially attractive the Mariposa Grove, the Tuolumne Grove and ths Merced Grove. Tha rout traveled to roach then trees 1 very scenlo and now that a ' good automobile road runs to tho Merced and Toulumn Grove visitor are going there in larg numbers. Tha Mariposa Grove is the largest. This grove contains about five hundred and fifty trees, among thorn the Orlxzly Giant, which has been computed to be lx "lhOUSXnd year oid. - it he a diameter of thirty feet and a height of two hundred and four feet and as It top is broken there is no doubt but It once was much taller. A roadway has been cut through the Wawona tree and soma show the affect Of backfire which tha Indiana built Bear tbam In early days. The Yosemite Valley Is enriched by the charming Mirror Lak which give - a reflection of th tfiountaln scenery ha gone far aad wlda, village (Sake a resting plac for tired travelTb Valley Is reached from Merer ced,' thence by way of tho Yosemite Valley Railroad to El Portal, near the swestern boundary of tb Park. Or entrance can be mad from Madera, q? via automobile stage to Wawona and thane to MaripoaA Big Trees and tha Yosemite Valley. Motorists sometimes enter by way ef a new Tioga 'Road which In summer-raft- er July la' a pleasant rout to tha valley. As auto- -, ' mobile . travel Increases many will avail themselves of tho Lincoln High. way for n good shar of tho way. ' Indian legend . A , Thtr nr torn foteieatinf lodiaa legends. Ono Is tq tho effect that to young bravo started to Mirror Lak fish when ho met a grlssly bear. A ( tho bravo. long battl ensued in whichwas killed. was wounded and tho bear For thla the Indian waa riven the name of Yosemlt 'and finally' jr"d8caad from his children to tho whole tribe which inhabited tb valley. Gradually this trlba felt they owned the Valley aad as there wer rumors of the approach of tbo- - white they told trespassers that Tutockahnulah would surely pa-ls- h them If they entered Ahwnhnee. , was Probably Captain foseph Walker eyes on tho the first whit man to lay Yosemlt country but It 1 a matter of . , debate whether It was Walker la Or Savages frontier militia tn 11 that first !ek4 down, into tho gwf.. the Yosemite refused to ioavo their Valley home It wa Savages men who parleyed with their chief Tenaya, R was these men who spent some Urn ta trying to disperse tho Indians from tho Valley, who took part tn skirmishes with tha Indiana and who finally aftor Tenaya was killed by Monos mad tboValley safe for pro peel ora aad travelers. Th first tourists cam in HU. q unusual Of beaut. ls reputation and a little -, a , - . |