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Show I r i Let riiaHted id la Mem rritew Tn of timber worry, It' alwaje cm Job. Um AS A- - - v r EVE NING- N - foa tables.Much of ' this produet will com from southeastern Alaska, where waterpower Is plentiful and the trees are close to the sea. ooooooooooooooooooooooooo to be a great , of wood pulp after the. war closes not only for newspabooks, but also for the pers and. many - new products that are - being tt- The German are from produced using wood cellulose to make exand they are trying to plosives, make It take the place of cotton la clothing of one kind or another. a yarn of paper- - which They'inake they- - weave Into a cloth, and they have paper yarn which are waterused for waterproof proof and clothing. They combine -- the wooa and Jute aud weave yarn with cotton vesta which - are wind proof and moletoreproof.-Suc- h vesta are male for airmen. We are using a great deal of wood pulp in our hospitals. It Is employed for ' sponges, pads and btedages of one kind or another. Tm lied Cross has a aterllsed wood , pulfi- paper for dressing WAod pulp Is largely taking -- the place bl leather, It Is used to make cer wheels, watermains and even telegraph pole. The pulp poles are hollow, and, much lighter than thoee made of wood.. They are strongs and are not affected by wind and rain and other causes that shorten ' the life of the ordinary pols. The Kuropean are matting coffin of wool cloth. Such coffins tak a THERE Inpromises the use - -- ,a? -- r1 the-ethe- -- S - 41 - 0o famine Is largely due to ths rp HIS war. It Is impossible to ship paper OO OO OOOOOOOO OOOOO OOOOOOO -- P I'd i , ' . PULP ,, FVotn the, Blue Ridge MADE OF TVOOD the forests. It requires men to get out fhe wood, and great mills to grind . up the fiber or by chemical action to turn them Into paper like that or better than that of this page you are reading. The number of milla we have devoted to the business is more than 700, and in ordinary times, they employ $0,000 men. - We make about half of all the wood pulp made in the million copies dally. In New York world. The war and the influenza 'are Issued number almost reducing the number of workmen, and the dally copies ' 4,090,000, and those of Philadelphia,. the price of the product continue to Chicago and Boston have each 2,000,-- - rise. 000 and upward. In 1914 the circulation of the Boston papers was 2,226,000 BUT before we go farther let ms tell what wood pulp Is and how it oopie per day, and that city led Is mad. 1$ comes from ths soft woods Philadelphia and Chicago In ItsIs dolly now output of papers. New York of the forest and there are a score or hwuing four dally papers for every more tree which are furnishing our ' lamily In that city. present supply. In Canada, for Ina strip of spruce and ET us stop a moment and think stance, there Isruns across the greater which what the above figures mean. The popular the part of the continent. It containshemIts that Times has York New reserve figured of this chief wood pulp j be would will f 'average and it circulation of 250,000 furnishing paper isphere make a strip of paper about 1,280 for many year to come. Connected miles long. Using that average as the with it are some of the biggest pulp steadily-increasing- -- L U. S. National Museum, Washington Is Malting Notable War Collection ASHINGTQN, D. C- - Nov. 1$. m Th U. 8. National Is new Assembling and has recently begun the Installation. of a collection of material relating to the z present, war which will form one of the most Important ever shown In the nauseam,' The object cf the collection is to preserve and exhibit for the benefit of the public a series of objects graphically Illustrating the military' and naval aettvi-tle- a of all of the countries engaged In the war the United State, Its Allies, and the enemy and will, in' addition to the military and naval features. Include foods and bther economic specimens. The. Immense, value of such a museum collection when once'.aasem-ble- d cannot - b overestimated, either from the popular or scientific point of view.- - It will not only- - form a fitting 4 and serviceable supplement. to.the Written and printed record relating to the hlelery of thewert- OaMt wlH also constitute a most notable memorial to the patriotic forces represented by the individual who have contributed to the preservation, of civilization and democracy In- the present great crista. . The collection will consist principally of the following general claaees of material, but will be expanded to Mu-seu- - - rover others also:' Military. and naval decoralioya tnd mortals, Including types ' , jtieooratlpne, madid and Jbadges snwarded to officer and enlisted men jt of the army and navy for service prior . a t - 5 - I 11 ' ft ' q W to and during the progress of the con- flict.- Commemorative medals, including all medals commemorating notable events during the progress of the war, and other numismatic material lsued during the war, including medalllc souvenirs of on kinds. I one-foilr- th lf tree-tongu- es 80 , Military And naval service insignia, Including all types of devices and designs showing the different ranks and branches of the service... Individual military and naval equipment, Including the equipment of the individual enlisted man of the various further haa underUken to aiwtlet the tn securing material from branches of the service, such aa dotti- Museum adroad relating to the enemy countries. ng, arms, and ether paraphernalia. The material already on exhibition, General military equipment includ- Indicating the line along which tho collection will be developed, includes - ing tank, field, and machine guns, and the following; other objects employed or used .by the A: complete act 'of the' medal and military squads and organisations badges awarded for distinguished acts of bravery and for faithful and efrather than by individual soldiers. ficient service in the army and the Air service equipment, including air- navy, eontainingthe pew distinguished cross and the distinguished service planes and; other accessories of this Mshe d .in.. 1 8 1 k . Xc most important Lra ndi crthr mrwar'y acrvicft.tneclal.eaut) award to members of the American war activities. Expeditionary Force. Chevrons of the type worn by nonGeneral naval eqqlpment, including commissioned officers of . the army, models,, of. ships, paval guns, and and button and hat Cords worn by min toned types of other war paraphernalia em- enlisted men and ' non-coThese object will soon bo ployed by the navy in the prosecutioii officers. supplemented by a' set of military of hosplUtie. officers Insignia. Types of dndlvldull and general milMementos of persona. Including rql-Ic- e itary equipment, showing the various object assigned. to each enlisted man of noted individuals .serving .with on-hls Induction, from the Identifies- the army or the navyor otherwise t ion' tag to the blanket which protects tacniindWtlhrihe7war activities. -- him from the cold In winter, and parT Jlementos of event, including- - rel- aphernalia for' us In camp. The activof the medical corps are Illustratics of events of special- - note occurring ities ed by types of the belU and contents worn . by - officers and men of that during the war. corps. Of very great interest In connection w ith the general military equipment now exhibited ore the latest types of the Browning machine gun and machine rifle which have been given, a prominent, place in the exhibition. Perhaps the most Important single objects already installed In the collection are a number of airplanes showing the types of the machines of thie character used during the present war. Of these, two machines have LIEUT. H. T. 0. WALKER - -- twice a big around as my bead. Uwas light gray in color, and its eater walls were layers of palp feltad tm gether like paper. The Interior wn divided into compartments with y , of bulp filled with comb and N$pa.s ed by pulp columns with tween. - The hornet, wasp an 'otter Insects were - among the Erat pr 'v makers, aad it was from t I man got his first ideas of wood to make paper. chsw-t- h woody fibers, tnA.tr of their saliva rook them ir i which Is almost as firm aa I I 7 which this letter la printed. Co sect make holes In the groaat line them with paper, ahd tho wasps have nests which ar far a V - Thoro H world like paper-mach- a. p wasp in South America teamed, C. n which makes a hvy i . terra which hangs from ths bow of te t Ths pulp is tough and the eert r j . 1 looks ilka hate whit card ering durable and Withstand the j sun and rain. The lntortrr t j ranged In galleries of cow I I ' like funnel one lnetde tho r. 4 Thor space v t the wasp to pass from ana soother. Tho opening of t house is at the bothmt ' f tri been installed In the south hall of the Museum building. On is a Volsln plane of 1917 model used in the French army for bombing gt night, the other a Caudron planeof model used la the French, army for photographing ' and reconnolterlng. Both of these were purchased by the United States government from franco last year and at that time were regarded aa the latest types. An U. .8, army training plane bos Just been added to this portion fcf the- collection , Ths collection eontalna also the following Interesting relics: The Amcrlr can flag mode at Islay Rouse,' Islay, Scotland, by Jessie . McLellan, Mary Cunningham, - Catherine MeGracor, Mary Armour, and John McDougall, for use on the occasion of the funerals of American soldiers lost with tire transport Tuscanla, and a distinguished flag of jthft Zcp pel in L-- 4 at Bourbonne ICs Bains, France, October 17, 1917, and a fragment of the gas bag and outer envelope of tho at f Which made papsr feum 4 a. ' a, ' Thsy ths I. remove the bark, f sod t weed 'l V lata ptv t The Moors introduced 1 Oom feectlo of Kete of Europe about 794 A. D, came the paper mk- Sooth American Waap. About 199 years latar I e high polish and look as well as tho brought cotton paper I wopd ones; they ora much lees ex- in A. D, 1899 linen vu a g pensive. The Germans have been try- Europe, so a ing to make cannon out of pulp, ualng The first paper mill la AmrleC' a steel pore and binding tho externtor established sear Phllsdelpl.'s ' with five layers of metal wire. tiara R It ten house la I$I9, M 74 7 Matches ore made of wood pulp, and ths year of the JDecIoraU-- 4 4 f ; p wo have t pencils in which pendence, a paper milt at the paper is colled around the lead. furnishing news print tolarC. tho 1 A Frenchman has invented a process of 1,990 papers per week.T of. making paper thread, and paper three years later a mill wa t thread has been woven In 8axouy for Dalton, Mass., the same pine ten year or more. Home Engllan they ar now making It non paper f. chemists have invented a waterproof rage for our hank note u4 Li paint of this, material. They spray bonds; and from that ttma on It over the buildings and - it la used 0Industry ha to cover large surfaces. We have creased that we now prodaoa ($ also paper window panes mode in cent of all tho paper used eye France, and paper cuspidors are to be 1 began to make wood found everywhere, paper palls, flower-- tho time of tho Civil War, pH and furniture. Including nearly 99 per cent of our paper 7 tables and chairs, nr among the beds, pos- tains more or lem wood pulp, sibilities of tho future, ,,, per cent te entirely from wood. IT demand for all kinds of paper !e i twine became common In creasing, and among tho great PAPERUnited States after the Civil tuntties when peace comae wi.1 I p In and paper maL ; War and we have today a dozen differ- those , ; from the trees of our forest. ent machines ' FRA1C: e. CARPENTC3.it. market for twis- tWASP AS PAntlbULUA. be beetan t -- . paper-makin- jft wood-pul- - - paper-maki- l. ng 4 -' . uj pots r or wood-pul- on-t- ltn China are watching the opening In, thy etory of chapter her tong and bitter struggle with r the opium traffic."" The fight was apparently; fought out, and China re-- i celvod a generous measure of applause from the rent of tho world for her determination to end. at no small coat to heraelf, the poverty and degradation Into which' a large "number--o- f her population had fallen. !. Now,.. while the world war absorb public attention and war new eat up space In the pres, China seem to ha slipping back . to that slough of weakness and disinThe naval features of the collection retarded b long the deare as yet undeveloped but these will tegration that of her velopment people. The kaiser's eoort be represented In the exhibition aeries Which will .undoubtedly grow hand has been discovered working In various direct ways In China, but poa- very rapidly, through the of the other government departments no German outrage, direct ortn-.an- d sibly and contribution from individual. will prove 80 Insidious and 0 direct, with In connection the most recest aa th revival of th war collection to be Initiated the by Museum- - It. (a Bute reeling. to --note that, opium trafflo ln Chino-no;at a time the Institution la already In Jiossetwioh when Chinas friend are too buey to of a priceless aggregation 'of historl-cqj- ., .t$ realise y material. relaune..JLa.Ui.e.juthr.waxa .Jl'lJU.Vr.t in which the United States ha par- the gravity of the situation. ,, ticipated, and that the prevent collw The facta of China's long struggle tlon will logically harmonize with' with opium are well known; how Britbrlng-thethese and up to date, thus ' supplying the public with ths opportunity ish traders established a" lucrative of seeing and studying a col- trade with China In the Importation lection of Americans of this type of of Indian oplumr- - how the Chinese, unequalled Interest. The latest collection will In tho natural codr?e bo the alarmed at tho 'demoralising effect- Ha moat complete on account of the vast use had on .the increasing nufnbor- of ths desired mokers, carried on the opium warts opportunity and it Is fortunate that the only- - tor material, of th drug United-'Btates " gavammf nt' already possesses, in the National Museum, an continued at .the point of the sword; institution peculiarly adapted to the how tocempete with exorbitant ' forImportant work of matting thi collec- eign prlee the Chinese jbegan to grow tion, obviating the necessity of estab-- : Halting new machinery for thl J?qr-poa- e the poppy plant themselves; and how , finally in 1997 the efforts of Chinas tip-to-d- fcf FRIENDS . w J!00.-hus- -- m -- day WALKING thsof other my mountain fsxxv In Virginia. I found a fin epod!fc3 of ths first wood pulp ever menufao-- ) tured. It was a deserted hornet's ner .. saw -- ' Llsut H. T, 0. Walker of ths rvyal navy, whs ws o hers of ths famous Brltlh, nsval attack on . Zasbnigga, Lieutenant Walker, who wai an effl. cer of H. M. ft. Vindictive, had his arm blown off during tho landing of ths British sailor and marinas on tho ' - Christian ora. Zei)peiinWT.JIf., m polp. wood palp mod ty THE firstback to the hegla-- 'r j cf i Thg-yctemts- ta Pictures, maps, books, pamphlets, manuscripts, and other objects of tho same character relating to the progress of the war.- The material noted parallels closely In character with. that which is now being assembled by 'the' British Imperial War Museum which has been recently established to preserve. museum material relating to the present war. The Initial Installation of the National .Mubeum'a war collection bos been mkde In the arts and industries building of the Museum amid dignified - and appropriate - surroundings, with an adequate allowance of space ' and In suitable cases. J The Museum has secured the cordial of the war and navy departments, which are furnishing most interesting exhibits' of equipment and paraphernalia at present used In the army and navy. The war department wood a. hsi r. Lj j. in-wi- Journal. -- t 1 more great city dailiea Australia has papers in proportion to its - population than England, and the number of periodicals In the United States la Taking the whole world Into account there are now published something like $0,000 periodicals, and their total circulations are billions of copies a year. We have In cities the the United States 'dailies of each of which have a submore a half of than list scription 9 GETTING OUT SCKXE IN MINNESOTA. mills of the world. I visited the largest eight feet In diameter and eight feet sumed by our Sunday newspapers. I of them not long ago. . It--is mak- in height. Inside each mill. was a was told that a single large issue ate ing mechanical and chemical pulp for grindstone against which the logs up as much as on hundred tons of shipment to the United States. The were pressed by machinery In such paper, and necessitated the clearing of wood used IS spruce cut in the forests a way that they were gradually pul- six acres of good sized trees. - From above lake Superior, and brought verized as the stones moved around this it will be seen that the demand down to the great waterpowez at Sault at the rate of 200 revolutions a minla rapidly eating up Ste. Marie, where there Is a drop of ute. The machinery Is such that the our forests of certain trees, and the 20 feet 'from Lake Superior to Lake wood rests obliquely against the question arise as to the supply for Huron. .The mills stand on the edge stone, and It Is ground across the the future. According to the forestry of the water and great turbines-furnisgrain. As the wSod particles fall Into department, we have a vast amount the power. The spruce Is cut ths water they are turned to a pulp of pulp wood on the government resin the forests during the winter, and and when they come out they look ervations, and thla Is especially so floated down the rivers to the lake much like chwd paper. , This In the western states and Alaskg, The and thence on to the Sault.- - There are screened strainers to remove government has a laboratory for test-lu- g f this timber on the the lumps, and then dropped upon such woods at Madison, W4., and great . piles wide bolts of the of finest In and shore and stacks of woolen It Is making fine paper of many vathe water, It not far from the mills. As 1 looked felt. Tho particles fall upon the rieties of wood that have not been - It used before.- .coatat it it seemed to me. could see the be It. In --each, a.way-tha- t: they say that newspapers Inside the log, and I was and become felted, forming a card- almost any tree can be used for news reminded of the Duke in Shakespeare's board or paper, which passes through print, and that a vast deal of wood other machines and finally comes out pulp can be created from those parts play, Aa You Like It,'1 who expected In the great rolls of news print ready of the tree now wasted in to find In the forestof Arden -the manufor shipment to the publishing houses facture of lumber. Mr. Hefary Grave, "Tongues in trees, books -in the run-- - all over the country.the chief forester Of the United States, ning brooks, Sermons In stones, and good In everyof the average says that In thing." this which tree is left in the woods In getting great mill, That was several centuries ago, but LEAVING pulp Is made, I went to a out Umber, and that lit turning a mills like this ors how making the high tower of steel, whero wood Into lumber about one-hapulp aawlog It of contents speak and preach their Is manufactured waste. to. Thl by .chemical proo-ess- e. waste Is going on go sermons to. all the World. . Moreover all over the United this there Is no grinding States, and it the through the waterpower which move whatever.IirThe consumpequals logs are cut Into chips tion of something - like $0,000,009 the mills ws are finding "books in the running brooks, and ars yank- and dropped Into enormous steel cords of pulp wood per annum. This tanks filled w,ith steam and sulphur- means , a waste of that many tons ing newspapers out of the ntiwlogs ous acid. The acid works on the wood of wood pulp. We are now eonnum-I- n which that power grinds. as your stomach works upon food. It something like 1,200,000 tons of used for making paper digeet It Into a pulp producing a pure wood pulp per year, so that the waste an celluloee THE logs excellent forming In paper. lumber alone hi equal to almost of various dlameters. lt takes The tank I saw making chemical pulp fifty times the amount we are using. about a cord of wood to make a ton was as tall as an eight-etor- y flat, and estimates that we have of pulp, and a roll which weighs that It contained a large' amount of wood. leftMr.In Graves the national forests 74,000,-000,0Is The as known tho process sulphite spread out like a carpet would .cover process. feet of hemlock, 106,000,-000,00- 6 .Another process is the sulany city pavement for - the ' length feet of western yellow pine,, is It used for board phate. tough of three and a half milts. The logs and 42,000,000,000 feet of lodge pole pine wrapping paper,-- a large amount and ground durlng'niy 'stay were about of - which feet of flltka 20,000,060.000 so Is manufactured In a foot thick. The first process was Sweden. spruce, all of which will make pulp.' barkwas This done He says that some of the best pulptaking off 'the by .planing machines, and the wood making alte of the future will be thus stripped was carried on endlenS DURING my stay at the wood pulp In Alaska, and that . we shall soon tried to get some Idea of be consuming Alaska belts to the factory and dropped Into pulp wood in round boxlike mills of steel about the extent of the forests being eon- - th shape of newspapers at our h hoeuclreutattons Nest compare favorably with those of our Hornet's , . two- - ing paper Into twines and rope. Oer . many makes bogs of paper yarn, and the United States has a tin of floor coverings made of paper. Paper . twisting Is divided Into two operations. The first is taking the rolls which weigh from $00 to 799 , pounds and alittlng them Into narrow . strips of various width. They pro then rewound. on solid disk, wolUng; tor the paper twister. The next preo , ess Is twlattpg the paper, for Which there are several different type f ' machines all more or less comptteatxj. Ths best paper yarns of today ar those made In Japan. They are from a bamboo paper so fine that the yam , from' It Is cold to be equal in atrerrtV to that made from sea Mind ML V Japan is also producing paper M bons and quilling materials and law-e- ls using a paper warp and linen, or cotton filling. Norway. ', England, Sweden and Germany all have tbsiy in and fact thank paper special ties, are hundreds of products mode Croat J i i Paa; Wasps and Hornets as Wood Pulp Inventors Hoar United ; States Leads the World in the Industry.' -- from ths United States and Canada to Europe, and 'some of the big Canadian mills which formerly supplied the English periodical are now sending their product to us. This la so of ths imllls-i- n Newfoundland belonging to Lord Northcllffe, which were established by him to make newsprint for the London Times, Mall and others of 'his periodicals. He ta not able to get the paper over the ocean, and . he shipped 18,006,000 pounds into this country last year. Another cause of the famine Is the Increased consumption of newsprint all over the world. Newspapers are springing up. in every locality. Japan is now printing almost as many periodicals as any western country of similar else, China Jas Its dailies, and there has been a great growth of newspapers Jn all parts of the far east. South America is using tnor and more paper, and It has now one d - lO - Mm Pulp MUiNew' Uses for breakfast -- hi v fVJsit to a'Great taMOiafi the World Over. open-mark- -- ta ibt Km VU , Written for The Saturday News by Frank G. Carpenter. ASHINGTON. D. C. Th unit of . calculation ths dally output . would require- - newsprint whole world 1 In the throee of Boston the enough to carpet a pathway of a paper - famine. Every width of this page' you are reading news of la of. $.880 miles long. The strip continent ahort paper reach from Boston to Chicago, print, and the price ere reach in the would on to San Francisco, and across and skies. In Italy they have mounted to ths Pacific ocean to Shanghai and $160 a ton, and here In the United up the Yangtze river to somewhere et States ths price of news- near Hankow la China. Turn it the print Is doable what It was at the other way and It would go across the outbreak of the war.. Ills so high In Atlantic ocean to".wher'- our troop and from are Europe that England has out down therefighting to Berlin, and on across fids the size of Its newspaper; and France sia to somewhere In Siberia. If you baa reduced Its periodicals on half. could bore right through the earth to the other side of the For two daya of the week the French from Boston this output of newspapers globe day's two more nee than dallies do not page would more than carpet the tunnel each. Itaiyla.also euttfng. pnpaper, to where it came out on and in Hungary the nee of newsprint sideaomew here-i- n Siam or. further Is limited by law. Newspapers of the India,' highest price may publish eight pages that Is the paper output BUT one city and proportionate . only.TTioBq of the next grade ire per demands . are - made day In nnd day . .mltted four pages, while those of the lowest price- can publish only two out all the year through In all the -for pages per issue.' There 'has been a cities of the $0,000 periodicals read by the material reduction in the'! size of our world. Tho used is news print papers, and the government has put all and it la allpaper made of wood pulp of newspaper sales and subscriptions one kind or another. Wood pulp is needed for our weekJupon a cash basis. No complimentary, and monthlies as well as the dalor gift copies can now be distribut- lies lies. The former have a circulation of ed. and the padding of circulations is , 60,000,000 eoples and the latter one of not permitted. The government Itself , 80,000,000 copies per issue. The books lie using about flvo times as much paper M? Jar?l5h,eUl we Print number about - (87,000,000 a year, and In addition we - aa It consume In peace timea.Rough're iurning out seven or eight million speaking, It will take this year one pieces of sheet and book music. Every ily I pro- - bit of jths- paper so used comes from pound out of every jduced in the United States, and It la I urging the people to save paper in VT3T possible ,way.. om ttoa Unde Sams Big Consumption and the Needs of the Newspaper Chief Forester of United States Speaks of Our Neri i Print Reperres Vast Waste of Such Wood in Lambert WAR1NDUSTRY A Wooa Pulp Famine Which Has Spread ftdnvtUbiff for-securi- have-importati-on friend ram-Re- d la an ta tweeu Great Britain andagrroaiat China wtrre-by the Importation of Indian optna Into Chink, should he reduced 19 per cent per yoqr for 19 year, a, like reduction In the production of the no. live article to be rdkde almultoneousy, till at the end of th time, or on March II, 1917, the opium traffic ihoolt teap.1 The.goa.Lw- (n iKht when that agreement , woo made, but It woo not by any means reached.TThl "ftgrapT ment, made for China' best interest, wa nevertheless not made by tfaooe - i for whom the triple existed, who numbered Into the' hundred 'of thousand, nor by, the poppy, planters, thousand Of whom were dependent for their Uv ng on the continuation of the traffic. What th anil-opiuaocletiea. natlv j foreign, accinnp&shed in that 19 years Is remarkable. Public opinion wa educated to ouch degree that in 1 various centers 'throughout Chinn for- raal opium burnUiga.er held vrtOi. ecrccr.cniez , given. bgaCL rials and private citteetee. Borne sections of the country wont so far as la" banish the une of the drug long be bore the time officially set. - The govern- -. ment gave n prompt and emphatic M to a bribe of eeveral million 44lteis offered by the Shanghai Opium Oem-- '' bine;, the only legal distributor for a short extension of time In- which to dispose of the stock they etffl. had on hand. And the opium traL ; .. . V.- -. legally cloeed .on tha appointed amid the rejoicing of the Chiaanc an Jr the congratulation of their- friends. . ' What became bf th stock st9 ' by the Combine at that time h 7 r' definitely known. Various expla. -- : m -- nnd-epeec- - k-- (CdAthawMt.ua pug t. ' . y '' |