Show 0 C t ZIL aj L to R r ar 00 4 r taft akif ag I 1 19 JOHN DICKINSON SHERMAN N ALL the hundreds of thousands of columns that the newspapers of the country have printed about the republican and democratic national conventions vent ions it Is dollars to doughnuts that these interesting facts were never mentioned the constitution has hag nothing to say about presidential nominations it makes no provision lor for nominating conventions it Is silent on the 4 subject of party platforms in tact fact the constitution ignores all three as completely as it does woman suffrage national committees keynoters keyn oters and broadcasting ot of proceedings it Is interesting to see how george washington the first president ident was wag elected there were no conventions no platforms no nominations there was probably no need of nom nominations inactions there were two parties federalists and anti F but they were divided on the subject of the tion rather than on the choice for president presidential ident ial electors were veto chosen january 7 1780 this was done by the legislatures in connecticut delaware new jersey south carolina and Geo georgia igla by popular vote in massachusetts new hampshire pennsylvania maryland and virginia lanew la new york lork a quarrel between the senate and house hoise prevented action by tho the legislature north carolina anil and rhode island had not yet adopted the constitution in the electoral college each elector voted for two candidates tor for president the one receiving the majority of the votes to be declared president and the one receiving the next largest number of votes totes to be declared vice president sixty nine of seven ty three electors were present washington received 69 09 votes and john adams 84 Washing washington toa and adams were declared president and vice president it was waa soon evident that by this method ot of voting the vice president elected was the leading opponent ot of the president under the twelfth amendment to the constitution which went into effect september 0 25 5 1804 the electors vote for president and vice president separately anil and both must be of the same game party washington wits was inaugurated augu rated ted april 30 1789 la in federal hall wall street new york december 6 1790 the seat of government was moved to philadelphia the campaign of 1800 saw the first nominations nations they were made in congressional caucuses adams and pinckney by the federalists jefferson and burr by the republicans atle atio vote between jefferson and burr in the electoral college threw the election into the house which chose the former president and the latter vice president the first convention marked the camol campaign ign ot of 1812 2812 the federalists nominated clint 71 first by caucus ot of new york state stat 0 legislator at albany and then formally by ca convention n tia lanew new york madison the winning cand candidate nominated c by congressional caucus of the ca ns it was not until 1832 that the nominating convention again appeared and then for the first time all the candidates were nominated by conventions held in baltimore the anti antl masonic wirt national republican or whig clay and national democratic jackson tile the republican convention put forth ten resolutions constituting sti the first convention platform ever issued the ariti antl masonic convention issued an address to the public but adopted no platform the national republican convention of 1858 1856 was the first convention ot of the present day republican party it was a great year for conventions no less than five being held they are interesting and important its as preliminary to the election of lincoln in the american know nothing convention with a platform of america for americans americana met in february in philadelphia there were delegates from at 27 states they nominated former president fillmore 1849 53 A rump know nothing convention nominated r remont the democratic convention met june jun e 1 2 16 1 fl 6 in cincinnati and aau nominated dominated buchanan Buch annn the platform denounced know warned the country that continued interference by congress mith fc lavery and armed resistance to law as aa to fugitive slaves would end in civil war and disunion and upheld the right of every state seeking to the union to bar oy 0 permit slavery the whig convention met in september la in baltimore and ratified the know nothing nomination of fillmore this first republican convention june IT 17 in philadelphia under the chairmanship 0 of f former congressman henry S lane ind by formal ballot it 11 unanimously nominated fremont and dayton on the informal ballot for vice president abraham lincoln received votes as against tor for dayton the republican platform rin opposed the depeal ot of the missouri compromise of 1830 to in gard to slavery favored admitting kansas ns as a free state denied the right of congress to give legal existence to slavery declared the right ot of congress to prohibit polygamy urged a railroad to the pacific and upheld liberty of conscience and equality of rights among citizens the popular vote on these issues was buchanan fremont Frer fillmore of the electoral votes were cast tor for buchanan for fremont and 8 for fillmore iring the administration ot of buchanan Bu history beining on the slavery issue was made rapidly sip leant events were the dred scott decision of tl ti e united states supreme court that no negro free or r slave was waa a citizen with its implication that thai the Misso missouri url compromise had always been uncoil in its discrimination against slavery tile le farcical vote in gansl on the tha lecomp ton pro slavery state constitution the celebrated freeport debates of 1858 between lincoln and douglas in the illinois senatorial campaign in which lincoln forced douglas to uphold the doctrine of popular sovereignty thus thua bringing about his own election to tho the presidency and the defeat of douglas in 1800 1600 the john brown raid on harpers ferry in virginia in 1830 the result of the freeport debates as lincoln had foreseen was the splitting up ot of the democratic convention in april 1800 1860 at charleston S C by the withdrawal of chairman cushing and many southern democrats the charleston convention nominated douglas the seceding delegates held a rump democratic convention in baltimore and nominated breckenridge the platforms plat of both conventions reaffirmed that of 1850 the second national republican convention met in the wigwam chicago may 1818 1618 18 16 18 under the chairmanship of ex congressman george ashmun of massachusetts there were three ballots tor for the presidential nomination the result of the first was U S senator william 11 seward of now new york abraham lincoln U 8 senator simon cameron of pennsylvania BO 50 ex governor salmon P chase of ohio 40 49 ex congressman edward bates of missouri 48 gen L dayton of new jersey 14 V U S supreme court justice john mclean of ohio 12 and U S senator jacob collamer of vermont Ven noat 10 on the second ballot seward got and lincoln during tho the third ballot when seward had bad fallen to and lincoln had risen to william WIlli ant 31 evarts chairman of the new york delegation moved that the tha nomination of lincoln be made unanimous the delegates so voted the nomination for vice tice president went on the alie second ballot to U S senator hannibal hamlin of maine the platform denounced the Le compton constitution kansas denounced slavery and denied tho the right of con gress gresa to legalize it called for tho the admission of kansas and spoke for a tariff for revenue and to protect industrial development the popular vote of the election of 1800 was lincoln douglas breckenridge 63 bell union of tho electoral votes were cost cast for lincoln 72 tor for breckenridge SO 39 for bell and 12 for douglas the election and inauguration of lincoln brought tho the slavery issue to a head the civil war began with the fall ot of fort sumter april 13 ISM the republican convention of 1804 met in ID baltimore and unanimously lincoln on the first ballot andrew johnson of tennessee was nominated for vice president lincoln got votes and mcclellan the democratic candidate in this election the following states did not vote alabama arkansas florida Florl georgia mississippi north carolina carollea Caroll ba south carolina texas and virginia louisiana and tennessee held elections and were carried tor for lincoln but their vote lincoln was assassinated was wa a riot not recognized april 14 1805 1865 johnson thereupon became president u he was impeached in IM 1808 and escaped by t vt cipta v t of 35 to 19 one vote short abort of the necessary two thirds tit for a conal I 1 von oon chicago was waa the scene ot of tho the republican convention of 1868 which nominated grant and colfax they won over the democratic nominees seymour and biair the republican convention of 0 1872 1972 met in philadelphia grant and replaced colfax with wilson wilbon wll they won over over greeley and brown nominees of a liberal republican convention held in cincinnati and endorsed by the democrats in their baltimore convention vent ven tion lon greeley died nov 29 hla his electoral vote was cast mostly for or hendricks of indiana indana indor ana the year V 1870 saw the tb contested election between hayes and tilden it was also a great year tor for conventions conven tlona the american national convention at pittsburgh nominated walker of illinois the platform do da rounded prohibition sunday observance and direct presidential elections I 1 the tha greenback convention at oils nominated nominate d peter cooper of new york the prohibition reform convention at cleveland ohio nominated smith of kentucky on a platform much similar to that of the pittsburgh convention the democratic coave convention at SL BL louis nominated gov samuel 3 tilden of new york the republican convention met in cincinnati and on the seventh ballot nominated ex gov rutherford nut herford B hayes of ohio over congressman james 0 blaine alne ot of maine his bis close competitor it was waa then that blaine the plumed knight Is reported to linto said 1 I am tho the henry clay ot of the republican party like clay he was twice defeated for tho the noal nomination na in years when his party won when nominated he was defeated tho election was close and the tee returns were contested congress appointed an electoral commission congress in joint session march 2 1877 declared hayes bayes and wheeler elected over tilden and hendricks by an electoral vote of to 14 jn in the republican convention ot of 1830 1880 at chicago the adherents of ex president grant prolonged the contest until the thirty sixth ballot when the field combined on garfield who got votes to for grant blaine was again a pro prominent t candidate in the platform tho the solid south was wag called a menace garfield was assassinated and arthur became president september 19 1881 blaine was nomInated over arthur at the republican convention of 1884 the platform demanded a protective tariff a gold money standard federal regulation of transportation rates civil service reform and a merchant marine it was rev dr Bu burchard heading a delegation of minis ministers terp to congratulate blaine who used the phrase I 1 rum romanism and rebellion held largely responsible ile for blaines alnes Bl defeat by cleveland the year 1888 saw the nomination of carrlson lson at chicago by the republicans and his victory over cleveland harrison Har rleon was at minneapolis in 1802 find and beaten by cleveland mckinley won was nominated by the republicans la in 1890 at st louis and was successful over bryan who had been nominated d by the democrats at chicago in the excitement following his hl famous cross of gold speech mckinley mckenley was in 1900 at philadelphia with gov theodore roosevelt tor for running mate president mckinley was wag shot and roosevelt became president september 14 IDOL 1901 roosevelt was unanimously nominated by the republicans public ans at chicago in 1004 william II 11 tatt taft and james S sherman were the republican nominees in 1008 at chicago they won over bryan and kern the year 1012 1912 saws baws the split between betge en tatt taft and roosevelt which led to the election of wilson the republican convention met in june at chi cogo cago and aad toft taft the progressive republican publican tin convention met in august at chicago and nominated roosevelt and johnson johnann Joh naon chicago saw two republican conventions again in iole 1810 this time they were la in session at the same time the progressive republican Con bonveno veno tion failed to get the republican convention to agree on joint nominations and june 10 nominated Roos four minute before the republican convention nominated hailies IIa Ha ghea glies roosevelt june 20 26 declined to run anti anil advised concentrating on hughes II wilson had been at st SL louis the campaign was carried on while the world war raged in europe women delegates and alternates to the number of 1 10 were in nUen attendance dance at the chicago republican convention of 1920 which nominated warren 0 harding over wood lowden and joh johnson n on the tenth ballot and gov calvin coolidge of massachusetts for vim president on the first ballot the platform denounced denoon ced the wilson administration and the league of nations the plat form of the democratic convention which at san F francisco ran cisco nominated gov jam james ca al cox of ohio over mcadoo palmer and smith indorse endorsed Indor sed a tile the wilson administration and tho the league of nations nation S the popular vote wits was hording harding and coolidge cooledge cox 11 and nd F franklin D roosevelt of the electoral votes were cast for hard ing ang and coolidge and tor for cox and roosevelt harding died august 2 at san francisco and C coolidge thereupon became president the cleveland convention la is thus the elighte eighteenth anth of the present day republican party ten have been held in chicago three in philadelphia and one each in baltimore cincinnati minneapolis and st louis it would be interesting could the framers of the constitution come coma back and see what modern politics lies haa de developed out of their simple directions toi fox electing the president if ot if evl united state |