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Show THE DAILY Page Eight In Sun of Government Aid Eleanor Harris Artisan enterprise, sprung from a tradition of hand craftsmanship reaching back to the Middle Ages, and protected and assisted by an elaborate modern legal code, plays an important role in Italys economy. The artisan trades comprise about 1,200,000 enterprises of varying size from the Alps to Sicily. Their labor force numbers 2,700,000, split into three roughly equal sectors of the ROME Overworked, overpressured, harassed lawyer, trying to meet deadlines, screams to hapless secretary: I don't care who calls, I'm not in to anyone. Understand? No one! Not even the Pope!" The phone rings, secretary answers, and promptly buzzes the boss. BOSS: (Raging) "Dammit, I told you to say I was out! And I don't care it its the President of the United States ! " SECRETARY: "But this is your wife." BOSS: (Into the phone) "What is it dear? Of course, Im not busy ... self-employ- For Skyjacking Airline (UPI) courts U.S. convicted by hijackers since 1961 are serving sentences totaling more than 350 years in prison, Federal Aviation Ad- ministration statistics show. Twenty-eigh- t persons have been convicted of hijacking airliners with individual sentences ranging up to 50 years and life, the FAA said. Twelve other cases are awaiting trial or outcome of mental examinations. In eight others, the charges were dismissed and the hijackers sent to mental institutions. The FAA figures show 146 persons have been involved in 113 successful and insuccessful hijackings of U.S. airliners. Out of the total, 92 persons are listed as fugitives and face prosecution on return to the United States. One of the fugitives is reported to have committed suicide, Latest LEAA Grants Finance (ACCN) - ministrator Jerris Leonard Adan- the National Institute of Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice, are: $49,970 to the New York State Identification and Intelligence System to develop a fast, inexpensive method of recording finger- prints suitable for automated storage and retrieval. to the St. Louis Metropolitan Police Department to develop an improved, computerized method of patrol assignment based the frequency of serious jipon 'crimes. St. Louis Police already $24,227 have done extensive work on assigning patrolmen by computer. $17,001 to the University of Virginia Law School to recommend ways to handle the rising volume of appeals in criminal cases. A total of $65,000 has been awarded by LEAAs National Criminal Justice Information and Statistics Service to reimburse the Federal Bureau of Investigation for advisory services given state and local agencies for information systems, technical assistance conferences. LEAA technical assistance awards are: $50,000 to the Bureau of the Census to conduct an initial sampling survey in preparation for a proposed 1972 national crime victimization survey; $8,700 to the Bureau of Prisons to prepare a monograph on corrections. Awards from academic assistance funds to finance law enforcement $ six kidnaping, for in- terference with a flight crew member and two for using threats of to interrupt air transportation. Other charges included armed assault and illegal possession of firearms, carrying a weapon aboard an airplane and escape from federal violence custody. The total also included two convictions military and three foreign convictions. The life sentence was given to Lorenzo E. Ervin Jr. in 1970, who forced an Eastern airliner to fly to Cuba at gunpoint. court-marti- al I nounced on June 1 that the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration has awarded $339,000 to finance a series of criminal justice improvement programs and research projects. Mr. Leonard said grants awarded from LEAA discretionary funds are: $87,611 to Oakland County (Pontiac) Michigan, to develop architectural plans and specifications for Childrens Village, a Juvenile rehabilitation complex. $14,268 to the New Hampshire State Police to employ a systems analyst. $13,157 to the Alexandria, Virginia, Police Department to employ a legal advisor. Awards by the LEAAs research and development division, Fifteen hijackers who fled to Cuba have since returned, the FAA adds. The charges against the convicted hijackers included two for air piracy, one for attempted air piracy, five for air piracy and kidnaping, San Francisco Chamber red Many Projects WASHINGTON the FAA says. two for At Jaycees (ACCN) and small shop ed owners, employed workers, and apprentices. The term "artisan" is applied in law and lay usage here to such diverse occupations as that of furniture maker, potter, goldsmith, 28 Persons Serving Time WASHINGTON - SAN FRANCISCO (UPI) Even of Commerce is having the Chamber problems with the generation gap. The greater San Francisco Chamber of Commerce and the Junior Chamber of Commerce both disapprove of Alvin Duskins ballot tailor, high fashion couturier, hairdresser, commercial artist, painter bricklayer, electrician, plumber, carpenter, (non-artist- ), metalworker, and miller. not exhaust the list medley of service trades, even peripheral segments This does a curious crafts and of the fine arts. Benefit Exports What these people turn out or provide in the workshop, the studio and the business establishment is highly valued in Italy on the cold level of economics. Many of their products bulk large in the nation's exports as well as filling gaps in the domestic economy that bigger business cannot readily meet. There is, however, no hard and workshop and a small business or between the workshop industry often operated with the help of members of the family and apprentices, and the enterprise that has graduated upstairs because of good business acumen or the installation of machinery. Norms laid down by Italian law require the artisan to himself participate in productive activity in his establishment. He cannot limit himself to management or the furnishing of capital. A specific law of 1956, intended to delineate the legal line between artisan enterprise and small business, limits the former to a maximum of 10 persons in a shop, excluding apprentices. There are however, for exceptions ry artisan employees Likes Music DETROIT (ACCN) sick benefit fund, extending coverage under the Edward P. Frohlich, new president of the Detroit Bar Association, is a past president of the Grosse Pointe Symphony Orchestra, a trustee of the Interlochen Arts Academy and of the National Music Camp, and an officer and director of the Pro Musica Society. governments family allowance Chinatown Parents Mount Busing Protest College, Poughkeepsie, New York; $4,000 to Gordon Military College, Barnesville, Georgia; and $688 to Indiana University of Pennsylvania at Indiana, Pennsylvania. () t - The (UPI) usually quiet parents of this city's Chinatown waved antibusing signs written in Chinese one recent night in a noisy meeting protesting proposed school integration plans. The city is under court order to integrate its schools and all of the plans under consideration would SAN FRANCISCO studies by criminal justice personnel or students preparing for are: criminal justice careers to Dutchess $5,160 Community system, reducing premiums on accident insurance, and granting income tax preferences; and a law increasing allocations for artisan fairs and expositions, an important form of assistance to the artisan economy. Rent Freeze A 1969 law made it easier to lease urban premises for artisan purposes, while a companion statute froze rents. A current bill contemplates setting up a system of proficiency licensing, with different grades of craftsmanship. Artisans also have their own associations dealing with economic, legal and trade union affairs. The largest of these is the ne Generale Italians dellArtigianato (General Fede- ration of Italian Artisans). There is also the Confederazione Autonoma Sindicati Artigliani (Independent Federation of Artisan Trade Unions). Recognized by the government in each province is an Artisan Register. This is kept by qualified representatives of the crafts who all examine for applications registration of new members, cooperatives or companies. They also undertake all work connected with entry or cancellation in the Register, and the transformation of an enterprise into a business form outside the limits of artisan fast line between the artisan cooperatives, limited companies, limited partnerships and similar as members building enterprises "as long proposal for a in the work, involved are personally limit throughout the city. and as long as such work has a But the Jaycees back Duskins preeminent role over capital." Registration idea of a moratorium on highrise I of this law also lays down Article election building until the November basic the principles governing the to give the city time to learn the voters' sentiments and develop a legal recognition of an artisan establishment, including long range building plan. The Great Chamber on June 9 requirements as to registration, blasted the younger members by sales of products, and qualifications of commenting "It is unfortunate that as to various types tax treatment. to what to a might generally Contrary the Junior Chamber chose adopt be artisan assumed, enterprises are position which reflects very little of Italy's not a hallmark special concern for the investments or the whose or those poorer regions jobs of other people." the is in process of economy Government statistics William Dauer of the Chamber development. flourish and grow as show that they said the Jaycees would be willing industrialized in well areas, highly "to surrender to Alvin Duskin and because many bigger largely his followers." businesses must turn to the artisans' of the Frank Winston, president for supplies of semifinished articles. Jaycees, shot back that the views of Besides the statute mentioned his organization "are not limited above, numerous laws have been solely to what is good' for Mon- enacted in the postwar period to tgomery Street." meet both the practical and social needs of artisan business. These include a law providing credit guarantees; statutes providing for Detroit Bar Head government contributions to the six-sto- TUESDAY, JUNE 15, 1971 D Italys Artisans Flourish GEE WHIZ, BOSS By RE.CO-- involve busing the Chinatown children outside the area. Custer Died With Boots on And Insurance - NEW YORK (ACCN) General George A. Custer may have had a premonition in 1874 when he purchased a $5,000 life insurance policy that paid off only two years later, following his last stand at the Battle of the Little Big Horn, in what was then Dakota Territory, the Institute of Life Insurance points out. Military historians acknowledge that Custer committed serious tactical errors which placed his divided force of 276 men of the 7th U.S. Cavalry at the mercy of a massed group of Sioux Indians, who easily surrounded the soldiers and killed them to the last man. Although the rights and wrongs of the Indian wars will be debated ad infinitum, the fact remains that when news of the Little Big Horn massacre reached the East, it set into motion the claims procedure and issuing of checks by the life insurance company that had insured .he life of Custer and five of his ellow officers. Custer's outfit was stationed at Fort Lincoln, Dakota Territory, when he and Captains George W. Yates and Myles W. Keogh and Lieutenants James Calhoun, James E. Porter and John J. Crittenden purchased their life insurance policies. Captain Keogh was the soldier who rode Comanche, the only horse that survived the battle. Lieutenant Calhoun was Custers brother-in-la- Alioto Backs Police Head On War Premium The six officers paid the regular premiums and had permission to live and travel in any part of the United States in time of peace, with the proviso that if they died from Vice Control By Donald B. Thackrey SAN FRANCISCO (UPI) Mayor Joseph L. Alioto has backed up - police chief A1 Nelder but did not go quite as far in criticizing a report by Aliotos own citizens crime committee which called for abolishing laws against "discreet nography, prostitution por- and homosexuality. Vice and crime are linked, Alioto told a news conference June 3 and the offenses can be the wedge by which organized crime enters a community. The committee recommended that laws against "prostitution carried on privately and discreetly off the streets should be abolished along d non-victi- m with many regulations against homosexuality, gambling. and pornography Nelder said he was "flabbergasted" by the report, and denounced its recommendations. Alioto, declaring Nelder "has my confidence," complete said San Francisco will continue "to enforce the law as written. "But precious police power will not be used to invade private rooms. There will be a prudent enforcement of the law," the mayor said. Alioto praised the crime com- mittee for its job but said he did not necessarily agree with every recommendation. "I would not support legislation that w. any legalized prostitution, he said. "Non-victicrimes can be the nucleus for organized crime entering a com- any disease outside ordinary traveling limits named in the policies, the life insurance company might deduct, in case of death, the extra premium that would have been charged had there been wider traveling privileges. All six appear to have supposed that the same adjustments would be made in the event of engaging in hostilities, as none of them applied for a war permit, which was normally required of soldiers going into battle. An extra premium was deducted for this purpose in the final settlements with beneficiaries. Captain Keogh's beneficiary was his sister, who lived in Ireland. The beneficiary of Custers $5,000 policy was his wife, Elizabeth Bacon Custer, who accompanied him from garrison to garrison and was at Fort Lincoln, as was Mrs. Calhoun, at the time of the massacre. Mrs. Custer later became well known as the author of "Boots and Saddles," "Tenting on the Plains, and "Following the Guidon." She died in 1933 at the age of 90 having outlived her husband by 57 years. For many years life insurance was not generally available to people who faced unusual hazards such as war. However, today there are no such restrictions. In addition to individual life insurance, each soldier's life can be insured up to a maximum of $15,000 through the Servicemens Group Life Insurance Program, which covers combat hazards and is available at low group rates. m munity." The mayor said he did favor the "Wolfenden Rule," a British law making legal sex acts performed in private between consenting adults. blue ribbon panel The e said in a report that police should stop wasting time, energy and tax funds prosecuting "nonvictim crimes" and concentrate on "more serious things," such as murder and robbery. "Instead of being concerned with morality, we should try to turn all our resources toward far more serious crime, including the safety of citizens in the streets, the report said. Alioto said you couldn't have "discreet crime" and Nelder said there was no such thing as "discreet prostitution. 108-pag- Mitchell Says Balance Needed In Trial Roles - WASHINGTON (UPI) Atty. Gen. John N. Mitchell said June 9 the administration was trying to restore fairness to the courtroom, which he said had suffered because of "preoccupation with fairness for the accused." Mitchell said the administration would propose legislation to "make the courtroom a place where fact is determined and innocence or guilt decided, rather than a place where fact is obscured and justice frustrated through the triumph of sophistry over common sense." I |