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Show $ft; THE CITIZEN rV l'xl 'A POWERFUL VOICE FOR PEACE RAISED IN JAPAN :an per. lap; 1 j, nal 'Osi- - bat H 5 werful protagonist of disarmament has spoken in Japan' the Hyuga, managing director of the Oriental Sugar Manu-- I Hch Company. His liberal and progressive ideas, expressed in acturi' Yamagata, has perturbed that proud Icttr. to the i Ki'-c- . rom 3Uld that iacf add ugh arch-militari- st, thrown the military party into a ferment. In 'i double sense it is to be hoped that Hyuga will not lose his jiead and will be able to' add such impetus to the movement against iiilitariii that the Japanese will turn from their policy of aggres-iv,- e and seek the ways of peace and good understandinall nations. g1 wiin Among the magnates of southern Japan his opinions evidently re widely shared, but in the north, where battleship building goes )ii apace, enriching contractors and providing labor with fair wages, he propaganda of reasonable pacifism has failed of. its proper effect. The world must not expect too much of the peace propaganda wen though it is fostered by one of the powerful industrial chiefs )f Japan. The militarists have closed the doors against the light as iermany did for .forty years. )rince :d ; , imi-crialis- lian is a On sist for itv, ace, ood an not rlin rtal Oils the lird leir the litv tn .it: d," iles to ore an. ods be nit to rsc Ilyiiga seems to place great dependence on the education of the Japanese, but it was one of the saddening anomilies of German civiliOn the Ration that education made no head against 'militarism. ontrary, the militarists were able to put the nations savants at work militarism and imperialism and even the socialists found insensibly indoctrinated with the views of the junker class Ior as the army and navy were concerned. Scientists, philoso- ihers, historians, novelists, playwrights, the schools, the churches, he press, in fact, all the agencies of instruction, played the game of lililirism for power, pelf or petty office. ' We fancy that the game is being played with as great or greater Effect in Japan where 'all the sources of information are controlled Ivith a grip that even the mailed fist in Germany did not possess. To Yamagata the sugar magnate puts the case in this forcible r and vital .ltv I ird of the people. n you know why in northern Japan the disarmament lias not gone forward so much as in the south. Tt is because many firms and individuals in and about 1 okio depend for their Very existence upon the building up of the Japanese navy, which .and profit to Incaiw contracts to' shipbuilders and .dock companies the thousand and one interests which fatten on a swollen nav and m armaments generally. is manifest that the militarists of Japan arc wedded to the hold to the opin-l"- n 4'1(1 P' icy of despotisms popular ignorance. They the li lt if the masses are ignorant they will support blindly Nor do the) catisf .if absolute government and warlike aggression. to compete car bat ignorance will make it impossible for Japan jn tli, marts of the world. On the contrary, they argue, no doubt, hat .. illiterate of living, that populace will have a low standard t Wi work for meager wages and will thus enable the mastcis o riiU compete anywhere on the globe. Do 1 :it : What Japan needs is fewer dreadnoughts and more education, he said to the correspondent. Do you realize, he went on, that middle schools, jB per cent of the boys who want to study in our jivhich correspond to your upper grammar school grades, are unable do so because there is no room, and that in the higher schools jo conditions are even worse? How can Japan hope to enter into her teemjponunercial competition with the people of the west when ing new generations arc not, and cannot be, sufficiently educated? ilhis is so fundamental a truth that it is scarcely worth dwelling jipini; yet Japan is ignoring it, hoping to succeed without the cssen-ia- l fundamentals. Do you know why universal suffrage would not, perhaps, solve tbe problem? It is because our people arc not educated up to the responsibilities of suffrage. And our elected diet does not represent Jbe will nil language : cam-Iliig- It is obvious that both views have their potent arguments. In our own country we fear Japanese competition just because Japan- . ese labor is so poorly paid. We have found our ships driven from the Pacific by that class of labor. But if Hyuga is right the enlightened nations, in the long run, will be enabled to triumph in the competition. Most of us will be inclined to agree with him. We have had evidence that in war as well as in peace it is the developed brains not only of the classes but of the masses that bring the material power essential to success in the international rivalries. Nor must we lose sight of the element of spiritual power in war as well as in peace. The, generals of thie German staff were marvellously competent officers, but their vision was unequal to the magnitude of the war. They could not justly weigh spiritual values. They were wholly unable to estimate the power of that higher patriotism of which the French people gave sufch an inspiring example, nor were they able to gauge the mettle of their own people. To them the German was a machine of tempered steel; in truth, he was of flesh and blood. Japans militarists are emulating the mistakes of Germany. They cling to the idea that the outcome of a war can be figured mathematically by weighing the ships and guns and counting the bayonets. BETTER GOVERNMENT SERVICE President Harding is not simply taking care of the matters that naturally come to a president, which are enough to keep him going day and night. He has already gone thoroughly into the various branches of our government to see if there cannot be many improvements made, improvements that will make the government give better service to the people and at the same time do it with less money. One interesting change talked of relates to the Secret Service. The men who work in the service are not known to the public. They go everywhere protecting the government and the officials of the government. Secret Service men are always with the president. They guard our buildings, government money and everything you can think of. At the present time practically every department of the government has its own little secret service, which means that many times they are apt to work against each other so that the government loses in the end. The plan talked of by the new administration is to bring all of these little services together under one head which would certainly mean a better service and a saving of time air1 u . money. Attorney General Daugherty is very anxious to have this done and although the largest service is under his department, the Department of Justice, he is not asking that the new organization be placed under him. That is one thing being planned in Washington to better conditions. Another is the idea of a Social Welfare Bureau or departwith the Bureau of Education. ment to take over or This idea is President Hardings own and one he has talked about for a long time. This bureau would help women and children who have to work in factories or elsewhere. It would help the farmer get the right kind of labor. The public health work would b' brought together to help bring up the standard of health among co-ordin- ate children. President Hardings idea is that the government cannot well bring about better conditions unless there is a real center to work from. It is the same idea that has given the thought of bringing the Secret Service under one head. Too much central control in the burgovernment is a bad thing. It brings about what is known as eaucracy. But there must be central control for sonic things to get better results. President Harding has said: energies It is almost useless for. us to go oil expending-our |