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Show THE CITIZEN N ENGINE OF cisvJ jna as the new Russian czar." r centuries nations have been ex-old czars for new, old des irtt ging ms for new. ' Lrtj ftiring the latter centuries of our tjomwestern civilization has been republican institutions. western civilization has ide,vffday :le JtitJPg outposts on the Mediterranean he Ann two fortresses on the Atlantic we plMW of Europe the fortresses that France and Great Britain. It con- of North and tjjrois the continents 3ottth America, the continent of Aus- and, by the might of its navies, continent of Africa. and marp0gris on vast regions of Asia vellous anomaly it is allied with the 4 csaristic nation of Japan. I tjuiddle and Slavic Europe belong to theA czars either to the czars of Junk- Absolute communism. . erUm or of and socialistic common- jinojiarchles wealths are ruled by the same princi- Oc Lenine is the new . v 0r because communism CSV of Russia n0Ibyjits very nature is despotic. There i ng I Si ' ple-desp- otlsm. 1 can be no liberty, as western M tiof understands liberty, in the social-lttistj- c state. Everything must be direct-Prc ed rules or the communis- by iron-cla- d fk j) tic; commonwealth will collapse. an: The continent of Asia never was It is congenial soil for democracy. )eeithi mother of empires. It is in the W!grip )re- - 1 0 of despots today, although here and there the true spirit of liberty is awake and is trying to leaven the sod-- ; den mass with the spirit of democracy. oo? ' ; All over the world czarism and re- - republicanism have begun a struggle that is to last for decades, generat'd. tions and perhaps for ages. In our the despotism of the commu- 1SI .'country nists is expressing itself through new rv political parties and is making an ef-r cs" tort to overthrow our representative ! cci republic. j If the foregoing generalizations expressed absolutely the political condi- 0j; tion of the world at this time it would to draw conclusions. But the problem is not so simple. It is easy to conclude, for example, that Eastern and Middle Europe and Asia will ally themselves against lid wsteni civilization and crush it, but the spirit of liberty is strong all over c' , Europe and is fighting against the triumph of czarism, whether it be the czarism of a person or of a class. Just ui communism is trying to make head- cv way in this country against the re-- i public, so republicanism is leading a r ot struggle altogether hopeless ltj cgainst all forms of despotism in i be. easy i ! ! i Ni' ;The generalizations, i however, give WAR a fairly accurate picture of the embattled state of the world. The whole world is on a war basis. It is afraid to make peace. It is afraid to rely on the spiritual principles of justice and human brotherhood. It still believes in militarism as its best means of defense. The treaty of Versailles and its covenant were not intended to be peace pacts. On the contrary they were intended to recognize the embattled state of the world and to provide for the defense of western civilization by means of a military alliance. The armies and navies of the United States, Great Britain, France, Italy, Greece, Spain, Japan and of other nations admitted to the alliance were to enforce peace on all the rest of the world. Moreover, the subject nations were to be kept in subjection while the alliance made war on the other half of the world. The treaty makers took it for granted that Germany, defeated, revengeful and ground down through a long series of years by the victors, would be on the side of the enemy. Therefore, Germany was excluded from the League of Nations on the plea that she could not be admitted until she had become fit company for the allies by conforming to all their demands. . As has been pointed out frequently the alternative form of a League of Nations was the international court of justice. But the nations of Europe which professed to be democratic, but were more imperalistic than demoreeking cratic, had faith only in Nations that tube and iron shard. sought to recoup their terrific losses by plundering the enemy of his colonies and most of his wealth could not incoke the God of Justice. They must continue to rely on war as the means of keeping their plunder. Thus, instead of establishing peace, they provided for a continuing state of war. By F. P. Gallagher the League of Nations was immeas-ureablworse. It wilfully divided the world into two armed camps. True, it was the hope of the allies that they would be able to disarm the enemy and that virtually all naval and military power would remain on the side of the League, but already that hope has faded. Germany is not yet disarmed and Russia is armed not only with what its own factories produce, but with vast armaments produced by the allies and given to the arm- y ill-starr- ed ies of Denekine and Kolchak. The temptation to misuse power is alwayfe strong. The allies at Versailles luxuriated in the thought that they had obtained illimitable war power. They were especially confident that they could control the world by means of their navies. It was apparent that, so far as navies were concerned, the nations outside the League were disarmed and could not hope to regain their sea power for generations. The only menace to this power of the allies was the incalculable element of human invention the ability to invent new weapons of warfare that would make navies obsolete. With the control of the sea in their hands the allies could be sure of maintaining their hold on the continent of Africa and of preventing the enemy from crossing the seas to attack the Americas, Australasia and the insular possessions of the League. super-sovereign- They turned to President Wilson for help and found it in one of his fourteen points. It was his .proposal that a league be formed which should have as its basis an agreement to maintain the territorial integrity and political independence of members nations. This proposal met every purpose of the militaristic alliance and it was made the heart of the covenant. By it the United States was bound, in advance, to fight for the preservation of the territories and the independence of the member nations. Moreover, the decision was to rest with an. executive committee of the League and our congress was to be told what to do. And our congress could refuse to do as it was told only by breaking the contract. Thus the sovereign powers of the United States were to be surrendered to the supersovereignty. That the president thoroughly understood all the implications of the covenant is demonstrated rather easily. He demanded that the United States by 1925 build a navy equal to that of Great Britain and that it provide for a military establishment twice as large as any this country ever possessed. Against what enemies was this militaristic policy directed If not against the enemies of the League? The united navies of the League were to be the guarantee that the most powerful martial alliance in all history would dominate the- world. Whatever strength the :nemy nations might display, however deep their penetration into League countries, they would be checked at the seashore. (Continued on Page 18.) - Their weakness, however, was obvious. They lacked men and money. If they were to keep a large part of the white race and most of the dark races in chains they must have mon IIMWWMHHinilWMIlHMmimMHIWMIMIMIIMMWMMW IIMMH1MIIWMIBHMWMMIMM SALT LAKE THEATRE Three nights beginning Thursday, July 29 Matinee Saturday The allies' found ready at hand a fully developed plan of controlling the world. For years the League to Enforce Peace had been advocating an alliance of nations which should have an international army and navy to maintain peace and order. There was which was to be a But to impose peace by the sword. the members of the League to Enforce Peace visualized a League which was to include all the nations of Europe, in fact all the civilized nations. The treaty-maker- s departed radically from this plan in one respect: They limitto a selected ed the list of nations and thus formed an alof the liance by which worlds population was to control the I In the other include only the master peoples; the subject peoples must be included among those outside the alliance. super-sovereign- ey and men, as well as ships. THE CHICAGO COMPANY, INTACT, FROM THE BLACKSTONE THEATRE, presenting BOOTH TARKI NGTONS sensational comedy success ty with the exceptional cast, including George Kelly, Robert Adams, Byron Beasley, Grace Filkins, Guy DEnnery, Joe Wallace, James T. Ford, Ruth Gordon, Betty Murray, Clara Blandick ty one-thir- d two-third- s. Direction of George one-thir- d The idea of the League to Enforce Peace was bad enough; the plan of C Tyler Special summer prices: Evenings, 50c to $2.00; Matinee, 50c to $1.50 plus tax. Mail orders now. Seats go on sale Tuesday next. nnllHIHmtlMIHMIHNNNHMINIHIIMmmiHIIIHIII Ml HIMIMIUMM |