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Show THE CITIZEN 7 E YES OF THE FUTURE-- By F. P. Gallagher 4 uTT is impossible ipresent world Q to understand the and Persia, was compelled to fight the Bolsheviki in Asia Minor and also order without takat the gates of Constantinople. The ing a more or less comprehensive view of its historic backgrounds said city lately seized from the Ottoman Smith-Jones to the Turks would have fallen an easy prey Professor Orlando to the soviet armies had not Grea class of 1984. Yesterday I completed my resume Britain been supported by a great of events from the year 1913 to the fleet of allied warships and by French soldiers. As it was the Bolsheviki spring of 1920, when the United States rejected the treaty of peace, could not capture the city and conrefusing to join the League of Na- - tented themselves with a land blockade which lasted for years. tions. Without the financial and military aid of the United Slates the. it FI- MUST now digress for a few min- League became a dead letter. utes to. outline briefly, some of The heart of the League was a certain Article X which pledged the the peculiar social and economic conmember nations to guarantee one anditions of that day. I have told you others territories. As the European that the nations of Europe were bankmembers of the League had been rupt and, like most bankrupts, were prepared to accept any change of conbankrupted by the war and had suffered the loss of millions of men the dition, feeling that no change could purpose of the article was to involve bring them into more deplorable circumstances. the United States, with its almost unlimited resources, in a war trust by There was, however, a decisive to able would.be which Great Britain difference between Western, or Latin acits and npw preserve its colonies Europe, and Middle and Eastern Euof quisitions and by which the treaty rope. In Middle and Eastern Europe enforced be could throughout peace the drift toward communism and soEurope. The men and money of cialism could not be checked by any America were to be employed in upholding boundaries which had been - . -- fixed by the treaty regardless of the principles of justice. tnnHE collapse of the League ren-- 1 dered a new arrangement, necessary, but meantime circumstances over which the nations had little control had changed the face of Europe once again. A peculiar new deal of the cards had made it difficult for the people of 1920 to forsee what course the great game would take. It will be remembered that the Bolsheviki had overswept Russia, crushing out all opposition and hhd attacked Poland. At about the same time there was a revolution in Germany against the government set up immediately after the war. ostensimonbly the revolt was to place the archists in power once more,, but the militarists and junkers soon stepped aside and it became apparent that the Bolsheviki of Germany, known as the Spartacists, were the real power back of the revolution. Within a few months the Bolsheviki had obliterated the new govern ment of Poland and had joined hands with the Sparticists. Moreover. German Austria, Hungary, Bulgaria and a had welcomed much of A the soviet form of government. glance at the map will show that the Bolsheviki now controlled most of Europe. A little later they crushed Rumania, took Fiume and Albania from the Italians, occupied Macedonia and northern Greece and then swoop-&- l down upon Constantinople, which had been occupied by the British. "Meantime other Bolshevik forces had crossed the Caucasus ino Asia Minor and had taken possesison of Armenia. Thus Great Britain, which had established itself in Mesopotamia -- Jugo-Slavi- of the conservative forces property fcrTHERE were two other dominat-- " Interests, morality, religion or nationinfluences in the world of that alism. It thus befell that Middle and era which must be noted-Briti- sh imEastern Europe became communistic. perialism and American representaThe communism of that day was estive government. British imperialism had for its sentially international and it sought to world the motto Liberty and Empire, but in conquer by force. true It is that in France, Italy, reality its guiding star was the same Spain, Portugal, Sweden, Norway, imperialism which led Germany to its Denmark, Holland and England there doom. Great Britain ruled one half were powerful factions favoring comof the habitable area of the globe and munism and internationalism, but the nearly one-hal- f of the earths inhabirecent war had created a fervor of pa- tants. Its most ambitious imperialists triotic nationalism which resisted all. could foresee it as the ruler of the the assaults of internationalism withearth, maintaining actual sovereignty in and from without. It wa3, in fact, over Canada, Australia, New Zealand, a peculiar and almost inexplicable Ireland, India, Constantinople, Asia phase of the political sentiment of Minor, virtually all of Africa and the that day that those who treached in- passages between the sea3, and exertmost ternationalism vociferously ing a dominant influence over the Even United States and certain European were, at heart, nationalistic. the conquering Bolsheviki were esallies. An attempt had been made to sesentially Russian and they repudiatcure this domination by a League of ed their principle of whenever it conflicted with their Nations which, as I have already desire to keep Russia a great nation. pointed out, would have made the Poland and all the United States a dependency of Great They border states which had been wrested Britain. American republicanism, of from them by the treaty peace. however, stood in the way There is nothing more remarkable in all history than the development of American democracy. It acquired characteristics which distinguished it sharply from the social, political and economical institutions in all the rest of the world. First of all, America was essentially a success politically and economically, despite great faults and weaknesses. It is to be noted, on the other hand, that the European system was a failure. In Europe capitalism had collapsed under the iron weight of military imperialism. In the United States capitalism had succeeded because of the cooperation between labor and capital. Even before the war the United States was the most prosperous country the world had yet seen. It was almost as rich as all the rest of the world. But it vras not merely its riches that gave it strength to resist Bolshevism. The people really enjoyed a liberty superior to that of which any other people on the globe could boast with the exception of the people of Canada, Australia and South Africa. But it had something besides. I need not go into an exhaustive analysis. But there was something in the United States which may be described as its soul. This soul made the American people practical idealists. While Slavs and Latins disputed about principles and went hungry the American people formed great, altruistic ideals and then, by their initiative and energy and their refusal to be bound down by theories, put their ideals into effect with amazing celerity. While the Europeans sat down and discussed propositions for months before agreeing on the principle and then fought about the application of the principle the American people MISS GOODE BURTON. CONTESTANT FOR QUEEN OF THE MARDI GRAS. SHE IS Y A on Page 14.) BEING SUPPORTED SOLIDL BY THE OFFICIALS ND EMPLO YES OF THE WHERE SHE WAS FORMERLY EMPLOYED self-determinati- re-annex- ed rap-continu- STATE CAPITOL, ed |