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Show CACHE AMERICAN. LOGAN, UTAH Scenes and Persons in the Current News GOLDEN PHANTOMS Fascinating Tales of Lost Mines CHOOSING HEN TO KEEP OR TO CULL THE CURSE OF GOLD Profitable or Unprofitable Birds Are Marked. Sy '.y - ,y J "a v - rw- - " 1 Iw- - i ! 4V XMVMVr By WILLIAM $i 1 C. UTLEY lOU centuries men have strug gled, frozen, drowned and lost themselves In attempts to And a Northwest Passage an all water route through the American continent that would permit ships to rem.li the Orient without sailing around Cape Horn. Mmh of the exploration and settlement of North America has been directly attributable to the longen dining search. What Is probably the neatest thing to a practical Northwest Pass age that will ever exist Is the Hudson P.uy route, now undergoing development bv the Canadian government. lly this route, ships from Europe in ports would sail through Hudson .Straits, coming fur Inland acmss Hudson Hay to the old, but newly Improved port of Churchill, far up the hay on the west side. A Hudson Hay railway, whirl) Joins the Canadian National at He Pas In Manitoba, has been built with Its northern terminus In Churchill. This will now nllow ships unloading at Churchill to transfer their cargoes to railway cars there, which will carry them across western Canada In Vnncou ver, where they tnnv be placed aboard ship again and sent to sea on the final lap of Its Journey to Japan, China, India or other Orl enlal markets Stub a route has several distinct advantages over the recognised routes of today, It Is claimed The distance of travel from Churchill to Liverpool Is about the same as that from Montreal, Quebec, St John and Portland, and less than from New York, yet Churchill Is much farther Into the heart of Can ada and North America To wheat farmers of Manitoba and western Canada It could he made vastly Import int, for Its supporters claim that it could lower the price of Canadian wheat four cents a bushel. Tills, of course, would he of vital Importance to wheat farmers In Minnesota and the Dnkntns for It would make Canadian wheat a much more serious competitor. Needs Oriental Trade. But to make It profitable for Shipping companies to pick up cargoes of wheat at Churchill, bound for Liverpool and European ports, their ships must be able to bring pay loads into Churchill as well as take them out. The answer seems to be for the shipping companies to develop the Oriental trade, so that ships cm bring European manufactmed goods to be transferred to rail for Van corner and the Orient, and ptek up whent at Churchill for the return That this development will trip eventually come about Is not at all improbable, for the Canadian government has spent more than $57,- 100 In developing the Hudson Bav route In the past few years, and It is doubtful that such an outay of capital will be satisfied with the handful of ships which have cleared Churchill harbor since the completion of the Hudson Bay railway five years ago. The history of this development Is fascinating because It is heroic. Although he was not really the first adventurer to poke the nose of his ship into Hudson Straits, It Is Hendrik Hudson to whom goes the honor of actually discovering the bay which now bears his name. He found It In 1G10 and wintered In the part of It known as James bay. With a few sick sailors he was cast adrift In an open boat and that was the last ever heard of n Shown here is a graphic cross section of life at the new port of Churchill. 1. A ship at one of the wharves In winter. 2 Native Eskimos fishing along the flat, barren coast. 3. The new 2,500,000 bushel grain elevator. 4. An Eskimo dog team, principal mode of travel, with the of the new Hudson Bay railway. was the result of this companys successful efforts to build up the fur trade History of Exploration. Cnpt. Janies Young, under the auspices of the Hudson Hay company, est ihllshed a post at Churchill In 10.S9, but It burned down shortly afterward. In the following two decades, Hudson Bay develop ments suffered fiom the wars between England and France, but In 1717 nnother post was built at Churchill. Over a period of years following, the stronghold, Fort Trlnce of Wales was constructed, and the ruins of the fort are BtlU a Churchill landmark An Irishman, Sir Arthur Dobbs, sailed from Churchill In 1733 In another of the many efforts to find the Northwest Passage which are linked with the poet's history, but after several attempts he, too, was disappointed On the rock near the port may still be seen the names of Ills two ships, Furnace and Discovery, carved there by the sailors. Another name hewn from Churchill rock Is that of Samuel Ilenrne, who, operating from Churchill as a base In the years from 17G9 to 1772, uncovered much of the vast mineral wealth of the Hudson Bay country. The next really Important hts torlcnl character In Churchill annals was another setker for the elusive Northwest Pussiga He was Sir John Franklin, who spent the better part of three decade's exploring the Arctic and Hudson Bay On his third expedition which left Churchill In the ships Erebus and Terror In 1S45, he found It to hts sorrow. The log of the Terror vealed that a Northwest Passage hnd been found to exist at last, but Franklin and all of Ills crew perished In the Arctic cold. With the growth of population In western Canada and the Increasing Importance of the territorys agriculture, need began to be felt for larger markets. The best market, of course, was Europe, but It was hard of access because of the lack of railroads connecting the western farm lands with a port In 1903 the department of railways and canals began surveying the right of way for the railway, deciding to extend It from Le Pas to Port Nelson, rather than to Churchill, because the cost of a line to Port Nelson was estimated at $4,000,000 less than one to Ohurehllk During the World war him. The first real occupation of the the project was abandoned. Port Nelson Is Abandoned. site of the present Churchill occurred nlM years later and was It was not taken up again until incidental to the search of Jens 1926. During the eight years of InMunck, a Danish nobleman, for the activity the line had deteriorated There were beyond use. It was decided that Northwest Passage. two ships in his company, but durbefore beginning again, another ing the winter he was forced to survey should be made of the relaspend at Churchill, all but Munck tive merits of the Churchill and and two sailors perished. When Port Nelson terminals, this time by the Ice cleared In 1620 the same an Impartial engineer. The Churchill year the Pilgrims landed on Ply- terminus won out mouth Rock the three of them It had been thought earlier, on Balled back to Europe, leaving at Incomplete data available, that the Churchill as evidence of their visit line to Churchill was virtually ImB brass cannon, stamped with the possible of construction. It would Danish royal mark. have to be longer than the line to Two Frenchmen, Radlsson and Port Nelson, and 75 miles of It Grosiellers, spent the years from would be through the frozen mus1658 to 1G62 In the country about kegs, which It was believed would Churchill and returned home with thaw out during the summer, thus tales of the wealth In furs that ex- damaging the roadbed beyond reisted there. Falling to Interest pair. But In 1927 It was discovered their countrymen, they told their that a gravel fill over the muskeg stories to Prince Rupert of Great would act as a heat Insulator aDd Britain, and under his direction, the prevent It from thawing. Hudson Bay company was formed Harbor possibilities were much Host of the subsequent exploration better at ChurchllL Port Nelson 0 could be entered only at high tide, and then would not admit ships of more than 28 feet draft, while at Churchill provision for 30 foot could be made at any tide. The cost of completing the work at Churchill was estimated to be less than at Port Nelson, nnd the engineers estl mated that It could be accomplished In three years less time. A peimanent wharf was built, mooring buoys Installed, the channel deepened and the harbor otherwise Improved. With the completion of the railway, great freight sheds were constructed and cattle pens set up Today the one outstanding land mark of Churchill from any ap proaeh Is the giant grain elevator It Is a toweling white skyscraper that seems oddly out of place along the flat nnd barren shore, whhh Is frozen the year round. It holds 2, 500,000 bushels, and provisions have been made for enlarging this ca pacity to 10,000 000 bushels Wheat stored there will keep" almost In definitely because of the year round low temperatures that produce nnt ural refrigeration Patrol Ice Areas. Another imposing building Is the power house, with Its three gener ators capable of carrying a load of It tikes power to 3,0(10 kilowatts. operate the four grain car unloiders at the elevator, each cipihle of emptying eight cars, a total of 10, 000 bushels, every hour After the grain has been elevated it can be delivered to the deepwater wharf by a four belt conveyor system which runs In a gallery. The shipping gallery In Its 1.4G2 feet of length, provides berths at the wharf for tnree ships at one time under the gallery spouts. Twenty three boat spouts make It possible to de liver four streams into ships at the rate of 20 000 bushels an hour for each stream AH of the port facilities are complete for present use The next step In the development of the Hudson Bay route Is the Improvement of navigation In the bay Itself and In Hudson strait The waters are patrolled by a sea going, Ice breaking tug, the Ocean Engle, which makes scouting trips each year at the time the Ice breaks up. It must be remembered that It Is very cold In this part of the bay territory; the mean yearly temperature Is about 17 degrees, and the strait and bay are navigable about six weeks of the year. The Canadian government operates an Ice breaker, the Stanley, to keep the strait and bay open as long as possible and maintains an aerial patrol to keep navigators posted. About the only thing this new Northwest Passage route needs to become an Important factor In In world commerce Is shipping 1931 two ships cleared Churchill harbor; In 1932, 10 ships; In 19.13, 10 ships; In 1934, 15 ships. At the time of this writing only two ships had cleared Churchill harbor In the entire summer of 1935. Should European Interests se fit to build up Churchill ss a shipping point for manufactured goods bound for the Orient, the shipping should multiply many times. The facilities rail, harbor and return pay loads are there. The Canadians who built the Hudson Bay route are con the new fldent that eventually Northwest Passage will be a busy one. C Western Newaptpei Cnloa THE olden, golden days of there were five or six meu from Indianapolis, who went West and worked together on shares. They were mining on the San Joa quin river, and had not found any great wealth to spur them on One day Charles Tooker, one of their number, went out to hunt herbs for medicine, and In his wanderings about he dislodged a boulder and uncovered a nugget which weighed fully 90 pounds, and was nearly pure gold No other gold was to be found near the place Tooker wanted to keep this won derful treasure for himself Instead of sharing it with his comrades He concealed the nugget where It lay, and went back to camp with the herbs and without saying a word about his golden find. Id spite of himself, he could not act exactly natural He remained with the party for a month, trying to avert suspicion, but the spell of that great lump of gold was on him, and the other men wondered what was ailing him At last he could bear the suspense no loDger He had bought a mule from an lmml grant, and one night he took the animal to the place where the won derful nugget lay, dug It out, load ed It on the mule, and set out for other parts. Two of the men at his camp, who had been suspicious of his actions, had followed him They saw with bulging eyes the wonderful lump of gold at last they knew what had been on his mind! They were justly resentful that he was trying to get away with the gold Instead of sharing It as was agreed, but they were not quite sure what to do, so they trailed on behind him They followed all night, and at daybreak they came up in time to fight against a couple of outlaws who set upon Tooker, hoping to rob him of whatever treasure he might have They succeeded, too, and left Tooker and oue of his former friends dead ns they htir rted awav with the laden burro. to The other man returned camp, aroused his friends, and told them the story Immediately they armed themselves and set out on the trail of the thieves, catching up with them as they were camped In the ensuing fight two nt night more of the Indianans were killed, The reand one of the outlaws maining desperado hid the nugget and escaped, he went to Sm I IN - The hens to keep are: Strong, healthy, vigorous hens with short, neat heads and strong beaks. The hens w ith long, deep, rectangular bodies and parallel top and bottom lines. The hens with large, bright eyes, n active appearance and short toe nails The hens with dusty, worn feathers, especially worn tall feathers, but having a bright healthy look. The hens that molt late and those that molt rapidly. The noisy, happy, friendly hens. The early risers and those late 49, o and lav low After six months, this man felt that it would be safe to go b lek Instead of making for the nugget the tri;i alone, for he knew only too well the perils that lurked In wait for lone travelers In that rough country, he got together a party for the purpose of retriev tug the gold and thev were to set out together Two men In the expedition, however, who knew where the monstrous nugget was buried, rode ahead, found the gold loaded It on a mule, and huiried off iliey had a day and a half st irt on the rest of the party, so (lay took the sloltn Leisure 40 miles awn to a smill mining camp, bmied it there staked a claim over It and went to work like honorabe citizens and honest miners. lor six weeks they kept up this pretense; at last feel tng that the trail was clear they dug up the great lump of gold and went their way. Where they went and what became of them we dc well-wor- to SKY RIDE Kings n DOWN coarse-heade- d ts Aa-;u- st iff (can-dbal- s, , Where Ethiopias Fiercest Warriors Come From eob-de- gen-ral- ly ts .'Vi is x pul-et- s. Pullets Need Green Crop When Released on Range not know The next time the nugget was heard of. It was tn the possession of thre,e miners, who joined a large immigrant train and showed It to found It. They the travelers. they said, in the Hot Creek nioun tains of Nevada After going for gome distance with the Immigrants the miners and their treasure left Only the nugget, If It could talk could relate the adventures through which It passed. It again dropped from all knowledge, only to be re called again by a half breed In than at a military post In Colorado He knew where It was. he boasted even. In the simplicity of his heart giving directions for Its finding and a sergeant and two privates de sorted and went to see If he were right The cache was 50 miles away from the post, but the three men reached It, found the nugget and headed for Kansas with it. thev had been followed by other sol dters with orders for their arrest, and the party came up with the two privates at last but too late for thev lay dead on the trail The sergeant had killed them for the gold, and had lied onward with tL Strangely enough, in spite of the fact that the deserter and murder er was hunted bv the government as the criminal he was he was never captured The fact that the Into the nugget apparentlv pas-e- d possession of Ind ans nny perhaps suggest the reason whv he was never found And there the story rests. The wonderful accursed lump of gold had done all the damage It could, for onlv white men are so quick to murder for the sake of gold. roost The vigorous hens with the faded beaks and shanks. The hens vvth thin pelvic bones 1 East tower of the Sky Ride, a feature of the Century of Progress exposition In Chicago, crashing down spread wide apart as the last major structure of the fair was demolished- - 2 View of the docks at Massawa, Eritrea, where imThe early hatched, well grows mense stores of war supplies were being unloaded for the Italian army threatening Ethiopia. S Latest porpullets. trait of Queen Astrid of Belgium who was killed In an automobile accident In Switzerland. Large, strong, active, quick maturing cockerels of desired variety type and high producing mothers. Italian Neat, but Not Gaudy, Nephew The hens to cull are: Poor layers and all old hens. Given African Post and Ready for Battle tower, last landmark Cripples, and hens with broken-dowof Worlds Fair, abdomens or frozen toes. This Is a portrait of an officer of The duke of Bergamo, nephew of The sick, quiet, Inactive hens that the Royal Ethiopian army attired In the king of Italy, has been assigned is brought ,pend much time on the roost All crow heads with long, slim heads and beaks. hens The large Nsarly 40,000,000 persons paid to writh sunken eyes. seev A Century of Progress exposiThe large coarse headed hens tion In Chicago during the summers with feathers extremely heavy for of 1933 and 1934, and one of the heir breed. Vi All late hatched immature pul-esupreme thrills of the w hole Worlds fair for them was the towering Sky and those that are early Ride. latched but much undersized. All hens that molted before Comparable In Importance to the Ferris wheel of the Worlds ColumL bia exposition of 1S93, the two The perslsteiit sitter. towers were named after Amos ! All hens with solid, fat abdomens. u and Andy, the popular team of All hens having bad habits blackface radio comedians. feather pullers, egg eaters). All cockerels not needed for When wreckers felled Andy, the east tower, a vast throng of 200,000 .deeding purposes Wisconsin Chicagoans gathered on the lake shore to watch the last familiar mark of what was once their beHasy to Distinguish Sex loved exposition fall. of Chicks at Early Age Thermit, a chemical which atIt Is comparatively easy to tains a heat of 5,000 degrees Fahthe males In the light poul-r- y renheit In 30 seconds, was used to breeds, the comb and tall being melt the steel of Andys legs on one t reliable sign nt a very early age; side; then the pressure of cables mt In the case of the heavy breeds caused the metal giant to fnll earth nore care Is needed for accurate ward. Amos, the other tower, had had his legs dynamited eailier. exlng. Batches of chicks of the ame age and breed should be banThe operation that time was conned separately, says a writer Is ducted at dawn In great secrecy so he Montreal Herald. that no one would be hurt. When At four weeks the feathering Is a It was found that the flying steel aluable guide, that of the pullets 10 In estimatAfrica. command of limits a feet to fell within East high more profuse than that of the teing ed by engineers, a grand stand was Mussolini Insisted that that war which are bare on the back his full dress uniform. On the bat- built and the public was Invited to must go on for Italians need more nales, ind shoulders. From five to six room. tlefield hewe.irs more practical garb. watch Andy's execution. veeks, feathering will still help, mt should be checked w 1th other r, mints. The male chicks are longer In the legs, and deeper in the body than are he pullets. The skull is broader ind the eye bolder, while the body s carried at an angle. The pul-ehead Is smaller and narrower, tnd the body longer from head to all, and usually carried parallel -o the ground to t 5 . xi Most heavy breed pullets sport a all from- - about seven days of age, bile In many strains the cockerels how no signs of this for six weeks. The feathers tn the saddle hackle if the male are longer, narrower, ind more pointed than In the Huts of Daimkll tribesmen In the desert wastes bordering French Somaliland. The wild Danakll warriors were one of the main factors In the defeat of the Italians in 1896. They are regarded as the most barbarous of Ethiopian tribesmen. This scene was made In Aussa province, which Ethiopia offered, to sell to Italy to avert a clash. Blue Devils Honor Unknown Soldier Madden Heads New Labor Relations Body Wherever possible a succulent reen crop should be available for he pullets when they are released in the range, and the pasture preserved and utilized to the best advantage throughout the summer. The Ideal system would be to confine the birds in a fairly small section at a time and move them periodically throughout the summer, keeping the crop cut or grazed by live stock In advance, so that only fresh new growth would be available to the pullets. In practice, a similar result can be achieved by r crop rotation so running a that the land Is free of poultry every other year. Within the area allotted for the year's use the house may be moved to a new position several times during the summer. If this Is not feasible, then the feed hoppers should be moved, say 15 or 20 feet every few days, so as to Induce the birds to spread over the entire field, Instead of congregating on one spot. two-jea- Feed for Broilers cockerels of any breed will make acceptable broilers If properly fed. Any good chick feed will bring them along to eight or ten weeks of age, sajs the Montreal Herald. The taste for broilers differs In diffeient markets In lug city hotels and clubs there is a demand for birds dressing 12 to 16 ounces These are sometimes called squab broilers The more common demand is for birds dressing one and a half to two pounds. The shrinkage will be about 40 per cent. Young of the famous Blue Devils, a French A group of representatives World war veterans organization, as they placed a wreath on the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Arlington National cemetery. The senate has offered a place tn this cemetery of heroes for the bodies of Will Rogers, beloved humorist, and Wiley Post, flyer, who were killed In the shocking crash of Posts plane tn Alaska. Joseph Warren Madden, attorney, of Plttsbnrgh, Pa, appointed to head new national labor relations board. |