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Show CACHE AMERICAN. LOGAN. UTAH Uncommon Sense Battle of bunker Mill ik Hhe vww vfms x -- x r wm'wws V'HVX'V W 'x, .. ""t- VSX 8 By JOHN BLAKE '' p ' V.V 6, w Bel Syndicate 1. the education of young people to em, an lam em." I am told that corporal punishment la nonexistent In the schools today. In my time It was pretty prevalent, too much so for the happiness of myself and my fellow pupils. But I do not believe It ever did any good. Today, the teachers profession, while still not paid as highly ss it should be, is the most important calling in any civilized country. Tbe teachers themselves have been taught scientifically. They know better how to gain and hold the attention of their pupils. They are more tolerant with dullards, who, from no fault of their own, are alow to learn. School teaching Is a highly Important business. It is Important because it arouses In tbe minds of young people a desire for knowledge. lick 4? ' Iv TXv'V W i r 4.sv $ M 'Y tZ$ "xf V v t 'iVT: 4-- Vi - firX ii'p'5, xm, KW:rmrl 4 X& . x V mmmm UNE 17 will mark the 160th annl- of battle famous In our On that date many an American, no doubt, will take pride In recalling how our Revolutionary forefathers whipped the British red coats at the Battle of Bunker H11L" This Is a story of that battle and of some of the men whose names are, In one way or another, linked with it But as you will discover, It does not agree In all details with the story as yon learned It from your school book histories. Jversary m' In 1750 or thereabouts a Frenchman migrated from Canada to the Massachusetts Bay colony and settled on a bill overlooking Boston harbor. His name was Monsieur Bon Coeur not a difficult name to pronounce unless you happened to be a Yankee who spoke with a nasal twang. But most of his neighbors were Yankees and they spoke thus. tried hard to teach them The But they the throaty sound of Bong Koor. couldn't seem to get It Or else they wouldnt, because they wanted to "plague that Canuck. At any rate, their name for him was Mister Bunker. M. Bon Coeur protested. If they must Anglicize his fine old French name, who not use the translation of It and call him Mister Good heart? But no! They wouldnt So Bunker be became, Bunker he remained and the hill on which he lived and reared his family became Bunker's Hill. Thus came about the first para dox In the history of a famous battle n Two decades after Monsieur Bon Coeur, late of Canada, had resigned himself at last to being Mister Bunker of Boston, that city was In a state of siege. That fact In Itself, was some thing of a paradox. For the besiegers, although they numbered between 15,000 and 16,000, were little more than an' unorganized mass of armed civilians. Military experts of the time would probably have given this Continental army (it was not yet the American army) but little chance In a pitched battle with the besieged, composed of six or seven thousand well trained and British regulars commanded by Gen Thomas Gage. During the second week In June, 1775, Colonel Gridley of the Continental forces planned a series of earthworks which would strengthen the position of the besiegers around Boston. But be fore he could proceed with his plans, his chief, Gen. Artemas Ward, ordered him to proceed to Bunker Hill for the construction of redoubts on this eminence of 110 feet overlooking Boston from across the Charles river. In the meantime Gage had noticed the men aelng heights at Dorchester and Charlestown and determined to seize them. Upon learning of this, a force of Colonials under Col William Prescott forestalled the British commander and on June 16 took up their position on Breeds Hill, 62 feet high and nearer to Charlestown than Bunker Hill. It was a foolhardy thing to do. for Breed's Hill was a dangerously advanced position within easy gun range of Boston. In fact, the occupation of these heights back of Charlestown was a rash maneuver which might easily have proved disastrous. For If Gage had taken advantage of his opportunity to move heavy guns on the British warships at his disposal and sailed them at flood tide around Into the Mystic river, he could have swept the narrow neck of land which led to Cambridge with cannon fire to cut off the retreat of the Colonl als and, by landing his troops behind Bunker HIS, have caught the whole Patriot force In a trap and destroyed It. Fortunately for the cause of liberty he was a general who had risen to his position by wirepulling rather than by proved merit n the field of battle. So he passed up his opportunity for an easy victory and followed a conrse which was to prove disastrous both to his soldiers and to the prestige of the British arms. He decided npon an immediate frontal attack which General William Howe was select ed to lead. This decision was made on the morning of Tune 17 when the British discovered the Conti nentals fortifications on Breed's Hill well ad sauced toward completion. A redoubt and breastwork had been erected In front of the hill gad from one side of it, extending to the Mystic river, ran a rail fence which they bad stuffed ylth hay to form a flimsy sort of breastwork In front of Bunker Hill. Immediately the British frigate Lively In the Charles river opened fire on these fortifications but failed to stop work on them. The whole forenoon was taken up In ferrying the British troops across the Charles until about 3,000 had landed. Then they formed in line and about 3 oclock in the afternoon marched forward to attack the entrenchments held by some 1,500 Colonials. Prescott succeeded In holding his men In check as the lines of the British advanced steadily toward their breastwork. Even when the front fine halted and poured forth a volley (which did little harm because these British regulars with their Brown Bess muskets were far from being good shots), there was no reply from the Conti rail nental8 crouching behind the fence. But when the marching lines of redcoats reached a point less than 50 yards away, they were met with a blast of fire beyond the power of human courage to endure. The broken lines retreated hastily down the hill. Under the lashing tongues and the flailing swords of their surviving officers, the British regulars reformed and advanced a second time, only to be thrown back again with frightful losses. But this time reinforcements under Sir Henry Clinton had arrived. By now Howe realized that another frontal attack by his Infantry meant only more slaughter. Sending the artillery to make a flank attack, his soldiers advanced again with fixed bayonets. This time they were successful mainly because the Colonials supply of ammunition bad run out and they were able to offer only feeble resistance to the bayonet attack Of the British. They retreated across the narrow neck of land, which was swept by fire from the floating batteries of the British In the Charles river but which caused only a few casualties. The British held possession of the field but they had paid a terrible price for it a total of 1,054 killed and wounded. The Continentals losses were a little over 400. It was both a victory and a defeat for them. It was a victory in so far as it proved that untrained militia, flght-inbehind breastworks and commanded by such men as William Prescott, Israel Putnam and John Stark, could hold their own against British regulars. It was a defeat in that the Continentals had been driven from their position and had lost heavily more than 25 of their forces killed or wounded. But even more serious was the fact that this battle created the Impression that victory could be won by partly trained militia and that It was not necessary to have a well disciplined regular army. They could not then foresee the bitter years ahead which would prove otherwise. So the Battle of Bunker Hill, which was fought on Breeds Hill and which was both a victory and a defeat, became a landmark In American history. It did something more It gave to America one of her most famous historical paintings and one of her greatest orations. d g of June 17, 1775 the roof tops of Boston were crowded with her cltl zens who followed with painful Intensity the ebb and flow of the struggle up and down Breed s Hill. Up on Roxbury heights there w as another watcher of that stirring scene a nineteen year old lieutenant In the First Connecticut regiment His name was John Trumbull. Young John Trumbull did not long remain In the obscurity of a lieutenancy. He made a sketch of the disposition of the British forces around Boston which won him a position as on the staff of Washington. In June, 1776, he became deputy adjutant general with the rank of colonel under General Gates at Ticonderoga. There he tried to tell Gates' engineers that Ticonderoga was untenable unless they fortified a certain commanding eml nence In the neighborhood. But they refused to listen to the young Connecticut officer and did not fortify the place. As a result the British forced the evacuation of Ticonderoga by occupying that very hill. A short time later, angered because the Continental congress bad dated his commission two and a half months later than It should have been, he resigned from the service and returned to Boston to continue the painting which he had determined to make his before the outbreak of the war Interrupted him. But Trumbull could not stay away from the battlefield long. He next became a volunteer under General Sullivan In Rhode Island and remained until his physical condition made It Imperative that he get away from the rigors of army life. In 1780 he went to Paris where he told Benjamin Franklin of his desire to study painting under the great Benjamin West In London. Through Franklins Influence with Lord Germain, British foreign minister, Trum bull was received In Wests studio and put to work alongside a young American named Gilbert Stuart, destined for future fame as the painter On the afternoon p life-wor- k p t i ? M MUfc ' a By ELMO SCOTT WATSON French-Canadla- f - o A . '4$ fA of portraits of Washington and other Revolutionary notables. When the news came that Major Andre, the In America, bad been British adjutant-genera- l arrested and executed as a spy, the crown authorities were furious. Looking around for a victim to be used in reprisal, they decided that Colonel Trumbull, who had been a rebel deputy adjutant general, was the man. He was arrested and confined In Tuthlll Bridewell where he calmly went on with his painting even while his fate was undecided. After seven months Imprisonment he gained his freedom through the influence of Benjamin West, who went to the king himself and secured Trumbulls release. Returning to America, the young painter again entered the army but the surrender of Cornwallis gave him a chance to go back to England. Again be entered the studio of West and received steady encouragement from the master and high praise from the great Sir Joshua Reynolds. At this time Trumbull conceived the Idea of commemorating in a series of paintings the principal events of thee Revolution The first one which he did was based upon his remembrance of the scene he, as a young lieutenant, had viewed from Roxbury heights. One day Sir Joshua Reynolds, visiting Wests studio, saw a small painting resting on an easel. Struck by Its dramatic qualities and believing that It was the work of West, he started to congratulate his fellow British artist But West Immediately told him that it was the work of the young American, John TrumbulL Thus Trumbulls painting of The Battle of Bunker Hill became the first of those splendid canvases which are such priceless records ef the American Revolution and which Include his equally If not more famous Signing of the Declaration of Independence, "Death of Montgomery at Quebec," Surrender of Burgoyne and Surrender of Cornwallis." Trumbulls Bunker Hill painting figured in a thrilling incident a few years later. He was In Paris during the French Revolution and, sickened by the horrors of the Reign of Terror, he determined to return to America. Bnt when he attempted to leave France he found that he was on the suspect list with the strong possibility that the Robespierre would send him to the guillotine. Trumbull decided to appeal to his painter-frienLouis David, who was an ally of Robespierre. When David found that the American bad his Bunker Hill painting with him, he said So That picture Is worth many passports. Trumbull with the canvas (which was a small one) under his arm accompanied David to the There the French painter, police prefecture. well known as a good republican, gained quick admittance. He showed the picture to the chief and explained that the American with him, although a notorious suspect, had been at the BatHe Is as good a Revolutle of Bunker HilL tionist as any of us, he declared. As a result Trumbull was allowed to depart from France his passport, the painting of the Battle of Bunker Hill. (Reproduced above). Fifty years after the British regulars marched to their deaths up Breeds Hill, a great throng gathered on Its slopes to lay the cornerstone of the monument which now stands there. Among the crowd was a small group of Revolutionary war veterans. Also present was a distinguished visitor from across the Atlantic, a Frenchman who had fought for American liberty. But the eyes of the crowd were not centered so much upon the Marquis de La Fayette ar they were upon a young lawyer who bad been chosen orator of the day. Turning to the vetVenerable menl Yon have erans, he began: come down to us from t former generation Heaven has bounteously lengthened out you' lives that you might behold this joyous day You are now where you stood 50 years ago thi very hour, with your brothers and your neigh bors, shoulder to shoulder, In the strife for your country." From then on he held his audience spell bound with the magic of his voice In the words which he addressed directly to La Fayette and In his apostrophe to the monument: We wish, finally that the last object to the sight of him who leaves his native shore and the first to gladden him who revisits It, may be something which shall remind him of the liberty and glory of his country. Let It rlsel Let it rise, till it meets the sun in his coming! Let the earliest light of the morning gild It, and parting day linger and play on Its summit. The speech which the orator delivered there that day has been called one of the two orations which alone entitle him to a place In that select circle of the Immortals. The orator wax Danie) Webster. G by Western Newspaper Unioa Service of a school teacher, entrusted with V!vVC4 tkj WNU It has been a long time since parents believed that It was the duty ix&x Xt Scenes and Persons in the Current News a youngster that the more he knows, the happier, and, probably, the more sqccessful he will be, and more than half tbe battle is accomplished. The teachers In this country are very well paid, according to tbe old standards. But they are not as well paid as chauffeurs, or horse trainers, or baseball players, whose value to the world la very much lesa than their own. Today, fortunately In this country, education Is compulsory. Convince 1 President Roosevelt reading before joint session of congress his message vetoing the Patman bonus measure. 2 Harper Gatton of Madlsonvllle, Ky., who was elected president of Kiwanls International at the annual convention In San Antonio. 8 Amelia Earhart receiving from Italian Consul Castracclo In Chicago the Balbo medal, a gift from the Italian government. Amelia Adds Looks Like Big Blaze; Only Garbage Another Decoration Flyer Receives Balbo Medal From Italy Amelia Earhart Putnam, Americas most famons feminine flier, has added another decoration to her Bnt compulsory or voluntary, yon collection. She recently journeyed must want it, or yon will not get It to Chicago where she received the . You must be interested and Balbo medal, a gift from tbe Ital Kx and determined la get out of lan government Giuseppe iie Italian consul In Chicago, yourself the best results possible. Otherwise the time yon have delivered the award. Miss Earbart's most recent achievespent In learning will be of no posment w-- s the g nonsible nse to yon e e e e stop flight from Mexico City to the Newark (N. J ) airport She betIn these days of colleges and educational Institutions of all kinds It tered the time made by Col. Charles Is getting harder and harder for a A. Lindbergh between Mexico City half taught boy or girl to get any and Washington by nearly 14 hours. Her only regret voiced on land Tied together and Strang around Rlkers Island, New York harbor, position at alL are seen the 24 garbage scow s that caught fire as they were about to be This has been especially evident lng was: I would like to have made It towed out to sea. The blaze was spectacular and made a tremendous lot In the last year or so. of smoke, but the damage was small. But those who suffer the least In better time." from the conditions out of which we are now passing are those who have nsed their opportunities to TOMMY COMES BACK stock their minds. mmbi-Uou- record-breakin- Worlds Champion Butter Producer If every yonng man or woman, starting out In life knew exactly In what direction to go, there would not be nearly so many failures In life. But unfortunately, what one wants to do, and what one can do best, are not always the same. If yon asked the average high school girl today what her chosen walk In life wonld be, she would probably tell yon that she would rather be a motion picture actress than anything else. And one time out of a hundred, a motion picture actress life might be open to her If she worked bard. In the other ninety nine cases. If she persisted and got as far as Hollywood, the result would only bo disappointment, perhaps tragedy Tbe people who do not know what they want to do are still in a majority, and they are to be pitied. They may have real Intelligence and ability, sometimes actual tal- ent But If they try this thing and that, and' are boplng that some new opportunity will turn np to give them a chance, their whole life may be wrecked. Today are not to be. conditions of this kind so serious as they used There are wider opportunities for women. Indeed, In many cases, women are doing the same kind of work that men are and gaining fame record Is 1,525 5 ponnds of butter in 3G5 days, churned from 32,727.1 pounds of milk. Only five cows In the United States have ever produced more than 1,500 pounds of butter In a Femco Johanna Bess l'ayne, jear, and Bess Fayne Is the only In the world to have passed registered Holstein cow, cqw bas just completed au official test that mark twice. which establishes her as the highShe Is owned by F. E Murphy, est record holding cow alive. Her prominent Minneapolis publisher. Sets New Production Record d Tommy Loughran, former world's light heavyweight champion, long absent from the prize ring of the United States, has arrived from South America where he won a number of fights. He hopes to meet the heavyweight champion once more. How They Ride at the San Diego Exposition and fortnBe. But these are exceptions. What the average girl ought to do is to get married and have a family of her own. And that Is wbat she usually does. If ahe has the chance. But If the chance doesnt come aloDg, and It often doesn't, the future looks very dark. But the clouds are not so menacing as they were. Yon find shops of all kinds, once operated only by men, with women at their head, often the owners of the place One of the largest chain of restaurants In New York is ran by a woman, with great success. Women have wide opportunities wheD they go to work In big depart ment stores, and often earn sal tries that wonld put some of their male workers In the shade. And all this has been accom pllshed within the last twenty or thirty years. And es a result man is beginning to find out that the words superior sex are an anacronum. Women at last are quite able to look out for themselves, and many do. This bevy of California beauties appears to be enjoying the ride In one of the Tord X 8 tractor powered specially designed semi trailer buses that are carrying the visitors to the California Pacific International ex position now open In San Diego. The buses, operated by the San Diego Railways company, are 45 feet long, eight feet wide and eight feet high. Each Is painted In bright colors and bears the name of a bird of bril Uant plumage. |