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Show Eugene presiding Olsen This comment comes ail Second and th- e-- I the marsh the Bear area might again be restored ... to its former condition. It was thought that impounding the In 1929 fresh water and locking out the Great Salt Lake brine might Continued from Preceding Page save the marshes and eliminate duck sickness. more irrigation water had robbed the streams of their life- Government Aid Secured The sponsors of the idea conblood. Canals, pumping plants and power dams diverted the tended that the constant floodwater into more productive ing of the area with fresh water would wash away the alkali, uses. promote new growth of natural Duck Sickness Appears The old, old story of man in- vegetation and relieve the stagnant pollution thought to be terfering with nature was refor the duck malresponsible duck Western and the peated, officials Pressure ady. on s.ckness appeared the Bear and bird lovers ofat game time rethis rher marshes. Ducks died by sulted in action by government the millions, due, it was said, to the birds contracting disease officials. Engineers made surfrom the stagnant pools of al- veys and computed the cost of the construction of thirty miles kaline water which had gradu- of dikes which were to impound ally- replaced the fresh water. River It has been estimated that seven the fresh water of Bear . the during spring million ducks, perished from 1910 to 1925 on the Bear river The Bear River Migratory marshes. During the outbreaks Bird refuge was established by dead ducks could be seen as far an act of congress in 1928. The as the eye could reach. government appropriated In an effort to check the morto carry out the provisions tality, game officials employee of the act, and in 1929 contracts men to gather and bum the were let and construction of the dead and decaying bodies. The dikes was commenced. The problem became one of vast bureau of agriculture engineerimportance to Western bird lov- ing in cooperation with the buers and game officials alike. reau of biological survey, was Then the Idea was conceived held responsible for the superthat by construction of a series vision of construction and adof dikes in a around ministration of the refuge. river-delt- One Of The Private Clubs Adjoining Bear Hirer Refuge, a, w 4- , Began run-off- $250,-00- . gTeat-circl- e 0 'AVMWwAAi.y.- ft -' Shown above, located on the Bear river near the entrance to the Migratory Bird ret is the Bear River Duck club, one of several private clubs built and operated by g men from all parts of the United States. Attracted by the superlative hunting b Bird refuge area and adjoining it, sportsmen able to afford it have gone together clubs and equipping and maintaining spent large sums of money building such from far andT near. members Their the gather season duck when opens, . Each fall 7 V 7 r m these parts, for the Bear hunter other of that than any no however, is better, ing er Refuge the best duck shooting in the world is available alike to one and all ing the steel control gates the E. R. Kalmbach, a govetr Finished In 1931 biologist of Denver, Colo., Considerable thought and In- water may be backed up the the 13 of malady to be a form',, miles a for distance river vestigation had been made con- and forced out through the var- tulism, or food poisoning, cerning the type of dike to be ious feeder canals which supply ed by a certain sease germ. Aided by this constructed, and the final de- a portion of the units. cision was in favor of the low, clue, the experts at the traced the trouble to the wide earth dike. By 1931 thirty Sickness Persisted thou- ooze at the bottom of miles of dikes and eight miles However, despite the of canal had been built, as call- sands of dollars spent by the marshes, which they fom ed for in the contract. government, the impounding of hibited by the germ. It The main outer dike is nearly the fresh water, the location on mained comparatively hat ex- until the water in 20 miles long and 100 feet wide, the project of government the center of It standing six perts in bird life, the dreaded became shallow and feet above the water line. The duck sickness persisted in tak- warmed by the sun. At of temperatures the botulism object in building low, sloping ing the lives of thousands dikes was to simulate a beach ducks. In certain seasons, hun- multiplied rapidly, spre and prevent excessive erosion. dreds of ducks were picked up its poison in the water. The idea has proved most suc- by refuge officials and brought ' The soultion, the res cessful. After 19 years of ser- to a duck hospital established vice the dikes show only a min- for the study of a sickness of workers found, was' simp imum of cutting, even though which experts seemed to know prevent the marshes from at times 60 mile gales have little. What caused the sick- ing out and to keep them ness,, no one knew; it, was evi- flooded, with a plentiful whipped the surface of the dent that in the --warm summer of cool fresh water. to regulai seasons, great numbers of main secret was The refuge is divided into of the wale temperature birds would suddenly five independent units, separa- healthy be stricken, would lie on the depth to prevent the growtl ted by ten miles of partition beaches of the hot or float helpless on the development dikes, and dive lakes totaling lake units. germ which grows in 40,000 acres now are flooded foods of a vegetable natu h . . the-- s Am . s with fresh water. Wooden placed in the dikes at various intervals, make it pos sible to regulate the depth of water in the lake units from a few inches to three feet. At a point where Bear river divided to form the old natural delta, a concrete diversion dam was built in 14 sections. By lower spill-boxe- Find Cause of Sickness Western duck sickness was the baffling malady that took by far the heaviest toll of the duck population. Men were employed to shoo ducks away from certain stagnant pools where it seemed to be especially prevalent, but the mortality continued year after year. Then higher temperatures.: Mortality Rate Drops Following the discovery regulation of water deptr consequent regulation of temperature placed them ious malady under contro mortality rate among the population of the Bear (Continued on Following GENUINE INDIAN JEWELRY STONE SET JEWELRY from BOX ELDER COUNTY i SILVER . SPOONS V if ; 5 SALT AND PEPPERS 5 ? j SOUVENIR PLATES - LEATHER J GOODS h For A Lunch ; Or A CARDS H GREETING ... gifts to send your friends and folk back home vacation needs . . Treat Enjoy our fountain lunch, in connection with our grocery store. Snacks, . . . Hallmark greeting cards postcards complete line of Gifts of Lasting. Charm, for any occasion. L ; Complete Stock Of All Lines Of o FILMS FOR -- sandwiches, fountain service. CAMERAS -- SUPPLIES MOVIE AND STILL CAMERAS cleanliness, quality and service afFIFE AND; Lunch. Located across the street from north end shopping cenetr, right Sixth North and Main. CrJte 8ta?!rd?? " Rill AS GROCERY m ?und Fife and FOUNTAIN -- LUNCH refu ;ion t ted. made Sngs |