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Show BEAR RIVER VALLEY LEADER Wool Made From Stones CHAIR BACK AND Possibility of Future ARM REST DESIGN scale of Manufacture on a H u fit e y K ft By GRANDMOTHER large rock wool from mineral deposits is the Niagara peninsula of Ontario it indicated by a report issued by th Canadian department of mines. This conclusion is based upon successful experiments in the department's laboratories where rock wool of high from quality has been made samples of rock obtained from the CLARK j ft ?jyV 41 V- "'tesl - -' Capt. Tom ;t ft 0 . fir u 'ff long-fibere- MmMlMWiMgiillBfclMWMiMIWliiMMitllii I deposits. Rock wool is a product which, up to the present, has not been manufactured in Canada. It is used as an Insulator for all types of buildings and for numerous Industrial purposes where it is not subject to excessive vibration. With the development of a very flexible wool that does not break down under vibration such as has been produced on an experimental scale from Canadian raw material, Its field of service in blanket form may be extended to Insulation for ships and railway trains. A new and steadily widening market for rock wool Is in the .Hii.'iMI. J faii Where the Custers Died Pholo iy Grove A bourn "Tulip" Chair Back and Arm Rests; Three-Piec- e Set in Filet Crochet d, and acoustical treatChair backs and arm rests In have been used for gener- ment of auditoriums, offices, theations and are today again very pop- aters and radio stations. Its firenature makes ular for practical and decorative pur- proof and vermin-proo- f it especially valuable for these poses. How much more Inviting is a chair that has this added personal touch Scout Memberehip Gain and in a design that stands out clearThe Girl Scouts are represented ly on a dark background. This set In a conventional tulip t more than 4,000 communities by design Is easy work even for the In- 14,000 troops, and a total memberThe large filet stitch ship of 856,000. The membership experienced. being used makes the work Interest- represents a 14 per cent gain within ing, and a surprisingly short time Is the last ten months. The total membership of the Boy required to finish the set It is an attractive addition to your living Scouts of America is 074,659, an Inroom or a valued gift for a friend. crease of 101,263 over last year. The The chair back measures 10 by 14 Cubs, Junior organization of the inches, the arm rests 6 by 10 Inches Scouts, number 40,038. Literary if crocheted with a fairly tight stitch. A looser stitch will produce a larger size. This package, No, 705, conMountains sufficient tain Craft Crochet' Cotton to come set, also croplete this chet hook. Instructions are included, also a black and white diagram of the design so the meshes may be sound-proofin- g crochet VJCn- - eo- duster - By ELMO SCOTT WATSON HIM it Is written: "He followed Glory all his days. He was her lifelong devotee. She gave him favor withheld from most men, and denied herself when his need of her was sorest. When, desperately pur- iWnflfinT suing- he died 011 the heights above the Little Big Horn, Glory, the U , ts few 1, r vr 4r , ; SfcirX ao :-:- - K, per-Uy- verse, relented and gave eternal brilliance to his name." So begins chapter one of a new biography Frederic F. Van De Water "Glory Hunter," published recently by the Bobbs-Merri- ll company. The "Olory Hunter" was "George Armstrong Custer, Lieutenant-Colonel- , 7th United States Cavalry, Brevet United States Army, the 'Boy General with the Golden Locks,' the 'Murat of the American Army,' the good sword, the hero, the martyr." Around his name has raged endless controversy, for he was the kind of man who seems to have been capable of inspiring either the bitterest hatred or the blindest loyalty. Chief among the exemplars of the latter was, of course, his wife, "who was to devote the rest of her life to adornment of her husband's memory." Long before his tragic death in 1876 there were those who had reason to hate him but chose to hold their tongues. After that event there were whisd pers of suspicion but little, if any, denunciation. "Elizabeth Bacon's fifty-od- d years of glorification have enshrined her husband in the folk-lor- e of America. She proclaimed him hero and, since she was his widow, men who thought otherwise held their peace." Last spring she died, as did Gen. E. S. Godfrey, another staunch defender of Custer's name. Therefore a biography can appear without giving pain to these two honored devotees to a partly true legend. If, Indeed, as the poet tells us, the child Is father to the man, then several incidents in the childhood of the boy who was born In New Rum-leHarrison county, Ohio, just 95 years ago (December 5, 183!)) are significant of the man he was to become. When war with Mexico threatened, his father, Emanuel Custer, joined the "New Rumley Invincibles," a militia company, and provided his little son, "Autie," with a miniature replica of his uniform. One day the youngster amazed his father by lifting his arm In Imwho had been itation of an older "speaking a piece" at school and declaiming in his boyish treble "My voice is for war !" For the next 30 years "Autie" Custer's voice was to be raised for war to be heard in a "wild shrill whooping In the forefront of a hundred cavalry charges." The Custers were staunch Jacksonlan Democrats even though their community was predominantly Whig. One day Emanuel Custer took his son to the doctor to have a tooth As they left the office, the boy gave a pulled. bloody grin and, apropos of nothing, exclaimed: "Father, you and me can lick all the Whigs In Ohio." In 1876 he felt the same way about the Sious In Montana and he died because of that belief. When he was four years old a new brother arrived in the Custer home Nevin J., who is worthy of mention If for no other reason than that he was so different from the rest He lived and died in peace, a farmer. Thomas W. Custer appeared on the scene In 1845, Boston Custer in 1848 and Margaret Emma Custer In 1852. They, especially Tom Custer, became the first to send their older brother on his pursuit of glory and they were to share in the tragic end of his quest, as was his MonLydia, who in 1849 married David Reed of roe, Mich. When she went to the little pioneer town on the shores of Lake Michigan, she took "Antle" with her. He lived there off and on for the next six or seven years and there he met the girl, Elizabeth Bacon, whom he was to marry 10 years later. took Returning to New Rumley again, Custer career. Despite his in the first step his father's strong Democratic principles and Cusconsequent disapproval of his son's actions, ter was not averse to asking a Republican congressman to get him an appointment to the United States Military academy at West Point Unsuccessful at first, Custer was so Importunate that finally John A. Bingham, the congressman, entered gave It to him anil on June 3, IS',7. he West Point There he was "a defiant Insubordinate cadet, forever in trouble and as constantly on the verge of more. . . . The impartial voice of the Academy records portrays George Arma deplorstrong Custer as a slovenly soldier and able student" The approaching crisis of the Civil r course war resulted In the academy's were classes two and four Into being compressed In another and in April grnduated In 1S01 one June. Custer was In the latter group, his standIn n class of thirty-four- . ing being thirty-fourt"Two years of campaigning would turn West Point's Indifferent sloven Into a soldier." writes Van De Water. "It would not change his sub stance. Battle that reconstructed others, sober would only sharplug and deepetiing their spirits, He would become Custer. en George Armstrong a keen weapon, terrible to the enemy, difficult for n weak superior to wield, yet Intrinsically he would remain the raucous and reckless youngster who had defied his parents to clasp the hand of "now-it-can- d Major-Genera- L full-voice- y, half-broth- four-year-o- ld rs half-siste- glory-seekin- g five-yea- h r, v fl-L- A;v7 Do c f IfvSiteSVl cream-colore- d three-piec- Custer Monument et West Point Xva'K Zg'i2& ana tvirs. Custer J a political foe and had been the Academy's chronic Insurgent His nature was bright and volatile, yet durable past the power even of war to alter." It was during these two years that the tradition of "Custer's luck" began. For nothing else but luck could have made him a brigadier-genera- l at the age of twenty-threthe youngest In the At least, the historians have never army. been able to find any good reason why In 1862 he should have been advanced from a first lieutenancy In the Fifth cavalry to the command of the Second brigade of the Third division, rocketing past the ranks of captain, major, lieutenant-colonand colonel. True, he distinguished himself In a wild charge at Gettysburg but at least twice thereafter he narrowly escaped annihilation at the hands of that cavalry genius In gray, Jeb Stuart. The appointment of Phil Sheridan as chief of the Union cavalry gave Custer his chance for fame. "It was Sheridan who overlooked Insubordinations by Custer with unwonted charity. . . . Here was no strategist but a tireless body and a mind as hungry for war as a bent bow. Custer was a weapon that Sheridan knew how to use." He used him in the raids which devastated the Shenandoah valley where Custer seems to have learned willingly enough the lessons of ruthless-nes- s so necessary to those who engage in the dirty business of making war. By the spring of 1865 he had become a major-generand It was "Custer"s luck" again which enabled him to be "In at the death." For It was Custer and his cavalry who swooped down upon Appomattox Station and slammed shut the door to Lee's only avenue of retreat After Lee's surrender, Custer issued the congratulatory general order to his Third division, whose record, he declared, was "unparalleled In the annals of war." "This Is more ornate but scarcely more accurate than other battlefield proclamations," says his biographer, whose calm analysis of the record shows that It was much less remarkable than the would have us believe. While admitting that Custer was a "fair tactician and a smart disciplinarian . . . and as physically valiant a man as ever drew sword," a summing up of the evidence leads inevitably to the conclusion that George Armstrong Custer had few, If any, of the qualities which make a really great commander and It Is doubtful If he can be set down as an outstanding cavalry leader In the same class with Stuart and Forrest of the Confederate army or Sheridan, Merritt and Torbert of the Union army. His weaknesses as a commander became even more apparent In his Indian fighting days than In his Civil war career. When he became of the newly organized Seventh cavalry and busied himself with molding that outfit Into what he believed a cavalry regiment should be, the strict discipline which he enforced and his callous disregard for the welfare of his men brought hlra close to disaster. In September, 1807. he was court martlaled at Fort Leavenworth on seven charges, the most serious being that he had deliberately disobeyed orders of his superior officer, General Hancock, had deserted his command In the midst of hostile Indian country to hurry to Fort Riley where the cholera was raging and from which his beloved wife was writing letters filled with loneliness and terror and that he had ordered some of his ofllcers to shoot down without mercy deserters from the regiment Former Custer biographers have either Ignored or passed lightly over this court martial, but the fact remains that Custer was found guilty on all seven charges, snsiiended from rank and command for a year and his pay for that time forfeited. But before the year had passed Sheridan, who had more than once overlooked Custer Insubordination, came to his rescue. The result was the "battle" of the Washita fought on November 17, 1W8, when Custer attacked the sleeping camp of the Cheyenne chief, Black Kettle, killing that chief and slaughtering men, women and children Indiscriminately. There la every reason to believe that Black Kettle and ... e, el al d iiis people were no more hostile then than they had been when members of this same band were the victims of Colonel Chlvlngton and his Colorado troops at the Sand Creek massacre. But Sheridan's orders were, In effect, to "kill Indians" and Custer didn't stop to find out whether the village into which he charged that cold November morning was occupied by friendly or hostile Indians. His tactics at the Washita were the same as those which brought disaster less than ten years later a division of his command and a headlong attack on an "enemy" whose numbers were unknown. But he soon found that he had Btlrred up a hornet's nest for Black Kettle's village was only one of several along the Washita. Threatened by warriors from the others, Custer hastily withdrew, even though Maj. Joel Elliott and 19 men in his detachment were still unaccounted for. Lieutenant Godfrey had reported hearing sounds of firing which Indicated that Elliott was In distress. But Custer disregarded this and marched away, leaving Elliott to his fate. His hasty withdrawal Indicates that he had lost for the moment at least, his belief that the Seventh could whip all the Indians on the plains. But he lost something else at the Washita the undivided faith and admiration of the regiment and the confidence of some of his officers. From that time on the Seventh cavalry was a regiment divided against Itself. Nor during the next eight years was Custer able to do anything which restored that shattered faith. During the Yellowstone expedition of 1873 he had one run-iwith his superior officer, General Stanley, and received a severe rebuke which caused him to be good thereafter at least so far as obeying orders was concerned. But he did rush into one reckless fight with the Sioux which nearly ended disastrously for him and which gave him a dangerous scorn for the Sioux as foemen. His expedition into the Black Hills In 1874 and his exaggerated reports of the richness of the gold there brought him a fleeting moment of fame, but this was soon overshadowed by the disgrace which overtook him when he became embroiled in the Belknap scandal. Belknap, President Grant's secretary of war, was accused of graft in connection with sutler contracts at the army posts and Impeached by congress. Custer "talked too much" claimed knowledge which he did not have. Summoned to Washington to testify, he made a sorry witness. He was even rash as to Involve the President's brother, Orvllle Grant in charges which he could not prove and to Insinuate guilty knowledge of frontier graft by the President himself. Naturally Grant resented all this. So Custer was not only deprived of the command of the expedition which was to be sent against the hostile Sioux from Fort Abraham Lincoln in North Dakota but was even. forbidden to go with It He made frenzied appeals to Sherman, commander In chief of the army, to Alfonso Taft, the new secretary of war, and to Grant himself. But none of them availed and this time not even his friend, Sheridan, could help him. Finally he appealed to General Terry, who was to command the expedition, and It was Terry who succeeded In getting him restored to the head of his regiment It will be seen later how Custer repaid that favor. Chief among the points In the controversy that hns raged about Custer's defeat and death on the Little Big Horn Is the question of whether or not he deliberately disobeyed Terry's orders, thereby breaking up a plan of campaign against the Indians which might have been successful Van De Water's conclusion Is that he did deliberately disobey, that he Intended from the first to "swing clear of Terry" and by winning a smashing victory over the Sioux to regain favor with his superiors. So the Glory Hunter gamn bledand lost! When he lost he brought death not only to himself hut to more than '500 others. And among them were three of his own blood Oh pt. Tom Custer, a troop commander In the Seventh, Boston Custer and "Autie" Heed, the son of his half sister, Lydla, who had been a "second mother" to him. Another of the Custer clan whose life was to be blighted by what took place on June 25, 1876, was his sister, Margaret Emma Custer, the wife of Lieut James Calhoun, who perished on the hill above the Little Big Horn. O by Western Newipuper Union. easily counted. Write our crochet department, enclosing 40 cents for this complete package, No. 705, which contains sufficient thread to make this beautiful set, or send 10 cents for the Instructions and diagram only, Address Home Craft Co. Dep't B Nineteenth and St Louis Ave., St. Louis, Mo. Enclose a stamped addressed envelope when writing for any QUICK STARTING with CLEANED PLUGS REMOVE OXIDE COATING WITH THI AND YOUB AC SPARK riUO CLEANER Grenfell Will Carry On and ten, Sir Nearlng Wilfred Grenfell has decided that he Is "getting too old to drive a and, henceforth, must take things easy. That does not mean that the man whose name la synonymous with Labrador definitely has ended the task he set himself more than forty years ago. He still will be the driving-forcbehind the International Grenfell association, and Labrador still will see his familiar figure, now and again. What he has done to ameliorate conditions of life In that bleak coastal land would be long in the telling. It was his literal Interpretation of the words uttered 2,000 years ago: "Inasmuch as ye have done it unto the least of these My brethren, ye have done it unto Me," Literary Digest MOTOR STARTS INSTANTLY. three-scor- e i ONLY" dog-team- ," e 5c A PLUQ No spark plug can escapeOxideCoating the chief cause of hard starting, loss of power, poor gas mileage. But a thorough cleaning by a fSSISTtHB snuuiM.ua D 1 is a. STATION I "sure-fire- " remedy. forth Replace badly worn Look "Plug.lif plugs with new ACs. CLEANING Station tht-Ta- "Ben-Vu- m b' Farm Radio" 119.93. Reqnlrea Marvelous tone. Bolter's N. 7th St MlnoeapoM.Mlmi. no H battery. Radio, 103-7- 7 Economical Um one LEVEL teaspoonlul to a cup of flour for most recipes. 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