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Show BEAR RIVER VALLEY LEADER mm j IDLE WORKMEN PARADING IN BUDAPEST r mm c v, i5 iftir FATHER OF LABOR DAY liti4 vm With the opening of the automobile road up Cedar canyon in southern Utah, 20,000,000 feet of lumber will be obtainable. Typhoid fever season is just coming on in Utah. The state hoard of health announces that typhoid vaccine is furnished free by the board. Itctail stores which deal in foodstuffs are coming under the eye of the government in the federal foodstuffs investigation now iu full swing. The body of Lander Johnson, who was killed by a Mexican sheepherder upon his ranch near Elkhorn, Wyo., was brought to Ogden for burial. The building of an addition to the is to Marllia home to cost about he carried out by the merchants, man ufa?turers, citizens and organizations GOOD RECORDS OF PIG CLUBS Boys and Girls Improve Methods of Management and Increase the Number of Purebred. (Prepared by the United States Depart ment of Agriculture.) Members of boys' and girls' pig clubs are the pioneers In introducing purebred pigs and improved methods of management in many parts of the South, where the swine industry is making unprecedented progress. This is true in a marked degree In Georgia, Among the pig clubs, the total sum represented by the hogs and pigs in the hands of the pig club members of the state last year was almost a half million dollars. The increase in One of the huge parades of idle workmen tliut murk the rule of the the number of purebred pigs raised tary. by the club members in 1918 over 1917 was more than 306 per cent The increase in profits on hogs raised in 1918 over the previous year was more than 61 per cent. Pig clubs were carried on in connection with school work in many localities. Fourteen school pigs in one county, raised on the waste from pu- . of Ogden. In- Marriages." WERE COMMON CENTURY AGO Appeared in Scant Attire to Protect Husband From Liability for Her Debts Various Expedients to Preserve Modesty. Brides Bangor, Maine. A Bangor lawyer Mending court in the ancient town of IViscasset, Lincoln county, recently Kent rummaging In the Colonial court records of the place and in the course )f his reading came across the official registration of a "smock marriage." Not knowing what a smock marriage ivas, the lawyer looked farther, and Et considerable light upon a strange :ustom prevalent in England a century or more ago and also to some extent in the American colonies. Smock marriages were weddings Young Pigs Being Distributed to Club vhere the bride appeared dressed In a Members. ivhlte sheet or chemise. The reason pils' lnncji baskets, sold for $590 at an .or such a garb was the belief that if auction sale. Twenty-tw- o schools in 1 Man married a woman who was in another county raised 22 purebred 9ebt he could be held liable for her hogs last winter 'on waste from the Indebtedness if he received with her pupils' dinner baskets. One town of ny of her property; and also, that if 2,000 people produced 35,000 pounds i woman married a man who was in of pork from pigs raised in back Sel t, his creditors could not take her yards. The white boys of the same property to satisfy their claims if he county raised $12,340 of meat hogs, had received nothing from her at and the negro boys $2,134.85. marriage. In England, says an antiquarian, An county reports an increase of 5,000 hogs in 1918. Fifty-seve- n there was at least one case where a pig club members in one county bride was clothed in purls naturalibus raised 250 head of registered Duroc-Jersey- while the ceremony was being perThe amount invested was formed in the great church at Birming$2,300. At an auction sale 80 of the ham. The minister at first refused surplus pigs were sold, and the re- to perform the ceremony, but, finding turns from the sale, together with the nothing In the rubric that would excuse him, he finally married the pair. value of the remaining hogs, repreTo carry out the law fully as the sented $7,800. Pig-clu-b members had a prominent people understood It, the ceremony part in the swine exhibits at the two should always have been performed as fairs held in the state and carried off It was In the church at Birmingham. In the case noted, but, modesty formany prizes. Of the 2,105 hogs exhibited at the Southeastern fair, 345 bidding, various expedients were used to accomplish the desired end without b were owned and raised by the unpleasant features. 31 won ribbons who in the open boys Sometimes the bride stood in a ring. Three of the prizes were Junior closet and put her hand through a hole champions. Of the 350 hogs exhibited In the door; sometimes she stood beat the state fair, 87 were owned and hind a cloth screen and put her hand b raised by boys who won 39 ribbons in the open ring and $272 in out at one side; again, she wound nbout her a white sheet furnished by prizes. One of the ribbons was a the and sometimes she Junior champion. With 28 club pigs stood bridegroom, in her chemise tor smock. Eventone county won 27 ribbons and prizes ually, In Essex county at least, all imamounting to $817.50, including . the modesty was avoided by the groom state championship. furnishing all thi clothes worn by the b The state champion was the son of a small farmer who bought his pig at an auction sale for YOUTHFUL STREET CLEANER $37.50. At the end of the contest this hog was worth $300. In one county b six boys, who started In their club work with one small pig each, will start hog farms this year. Three of these boys already have their bogs and land. s. pig-clu- pig-clu- pig-clu- (Prepared by the United States Department of Agriculture.) Thousands of purebred scrubs are scattered through this country, accordmen of the United ing to States Department of Agriculture, who are devoting their efforts to eliminating inferior pedigreed animals. This, they say, applies to all kinds of live stock, but is perhaps more general In the hog Industry. Pedigrees are necessary and valuable to the hog breeder, yet the pedigree Is the means of fooling a lot of farmers, particularly those who are about to start Into the pure-bre- d hog business and who have not had enough experience In Judging to select animals of good standard type. Buyers should not be anicontented simply with pure-bre- d mals, but should see In addition that e the, animals they are about to have good quality, say the department hog specialists. pui-chas- They have rather young street clean-ir- s .in Salonika (In the Balkans), roungsters who wield ungainly brooms, et manage to keep the roughly cobbled thoroughfares in moderately tidy rendition. Our photo shows a typical street urchin Who has adopted the Vklte winced" profession. or in the territory which Is now so known. Practice Died Before Revolution There. is nothing to show that tiie practice outlived the revolution. In Maine, p to 1S52, a husband was liable for debts of his wife contracted before marriage, and no such subter- f fuee as the smock marrlaee could re- - MAIL SERVICE BY AIR IS SUCCESS Postoffice Department Says It Wilson and other officials figured prominently, and sent letters just before the Has Speeded Delivery All aviator started. Since that time the service has continued without interOver the Country. EXTENSION BEING PLANNED New Routes Will Link Up St Louis and Omaha to Speed Up. Deliveries to and From the Pacific Coast Washington, D. C. Records for transportation of mail along the eastern seaboard and from New York city west are being established daily by the airplane mail service which now is well along toward its fifteenth month of existence. The service, according to Otto Praeger, second assistant postmaster general, who is In charge, has speeded mall delivery all over the country. Letters mailed In New York city or arriving there from New England before eight o'clock in the morning are sent by airplane so far as possible, insuring their delivery in Washington by noon. Those for Washington are sent out on the first mail delivery in the afternoon and those Intended for cities farther south are forwarded In earlier trains than otherwise would be possi. The same is true of the New airplane mail route. The time from New York to Chicago Is cut down to between nine and ten hours. There Is a corresponding saving on mail from Chicago and western cities Intended for New York. There are two airplane mail routes In the country, one between Washington and New York city and the other between New York city and Chicago by way of Cleveland. Air Service to Be Extended. Flights are made In both directions over these routes every day, with such success that the postoffice department Is about to Institute other routes which will link up Omaha, Neb., and St. Louis, Mo. These latter routes are to be opened almost Immediately, to care for the volume of mail and to assist In quick deliveries to and from the Pacific coast. Airplane moll service started on May 15, 1918, largely as an experiment, with a route between Now York c'ty and Washington. Two trips s day had been arranged, one In each direction. The first flight from Washington was a spectacular affair In which President York-Chica- Officials of Department of Agriculture Are Trying to Eliminate Inferior Animals. bun By-oa- ble. PEDIGREE IS NOT ESSENTIAL in Budapest, the capital of cominu-nist- bride, retaining title to the same in nievehim. himself. This he did In the presence of j k marriages were frequently witnesses, that he might be able to j performed in Vermont about a century prove the fact in case he was sued Wo. They were entirely honorable t( for any debts, she might have con- both the participants, for they put tracted. wholly aside all considerations of A marriage of this kind occurred at financial and selfish interest. AccordBradford in 1773, and the following Is ing to tradition, they all turned out n true copy of the record of the same : happily, and well they might. The Bradford, Dec.'ye 24, 1773. principle Involved In them may be said This may certifie whomsoever it may to have triumphed in our social life concerne that James Bailey of Brad- the great majority of marriages being ford who was married to the widow now smock marriages in the sense that Mary Bacon Nov. 22 last past by me the parties are financially independent ye subscriber then declared that he of each other. took said person without anything of By the way, one of the earliest and estate and that Lydia the wife of strongest arguments' for woman sufEliazer Burhnnk & Mary the wife of frage was the necessity of relieving Thomas Stickney and Margaret the women from the financial bondage that wife of Caleb Burbank all of Bradford they were under to their husbands 50 were witnesses lhat the clothes she years ago. All that a woman had then then had on were of his providing and practically belonged to her husband. bestowed upon her. Wendell Phillips, in his address at the WILLIAM BALCH, first national woman suffrage convenMinister of ye Gospel. tion, held at Worcester in October, It Is noted by the same writer that 1851, called attention to a curious case in all cases of smock marriages that that had lately occurred in this state. have come to his notice the brides A man married a woman who had have been widows. $50,000 of her own, inherited from her It is thought that during the reign father. Dying about a year after his of George III there were many smock Uiarrlage, this man left a remarkably marriages In Maine, then a patft of.afetUingttmuii. and manly will he teft these province of Massachusetts Bay, chief $50,000 .to his wife, so long as she ly in the counties of Lincoln and York, should remain a widow! pig-clu- The plant of the Mt. Nebo Maib.e company, at Salt Lake, closed when the- mill workers demanded a wage increase of 50 cents a day, and has not resumed business. This year the peach crop to go our of Utah county is estimated (o be 40: carloads, with 480 bushels to each car, making a total output of approximately 192,000 bushels. Sheepmen from every part of tiie United States met at Salt Lake the fore part of the week for the fourth annual ram sale of the National Wool Growers' association. Speculators are buying drafts from Salt Lake banks on Italian and German banking houses, anticipating an advance in the rate of exchange, according to local bankers. Twenty-fou- r hundred Utah men are today wearing on their ' coat lapels the jovernmeut bronze button, which the army is issuing service. to men who saw war-tim- e Vivian l'appleton, 17' years old, of Ogden, was struck over the head with a water bottle by a burglar whom she discovered in her room when she awoke. The blow rendered her unconscious. Kmployment agency proprietors and union labor leaders of Salt Lake have declared that they will oppose the state industrial commission taking outrol of the private employment agencies. H. A. Hart, supervising drainage engineer, who has returned from n tour of the state, says projects a ro under way that will cost about $005,- 000 and will reclaim approximately 25,-0acres. Nine cadets. of the Salt. Lake high schools are back from six weeks' .attendance at the reserve officers' training camp at the Presidio, San Francisco, with excellent showing for,, their time spent. According to the government esti mate of crops, sent out from the Unit ed States department of agriculture, the average probable potato yield for Utah will be 185 bushels per acre, as against 225 to 250 last year. Miss Luella Francy, formerly with the board of health at Suit Lake, has returned to this country from Serbia after winning from Print Alexander of that country the cross of mercy for her work with the lied Cross. The lifeless body of Mrs. Charles"' Jenkins, 57 years of age, of Ogden, was found upon the floor of her kit chen when her husband, an employee of the railroad shops, returned from work. Heart failure was the cause of death. Miss Donna Wyona Calvert, first Clerk of the Ogden city draft board, an employee of the war risk insurance bureau at Washington, D. C, and ' in lied Cross and war relict activities, died at an Ogden hospital from typhoid fever. Because of a serious shortage of water at the county infirmary at Prove, caused by the emptying of the reservoir and the drying up of the springs, the county commissioners are tunneling further into the mountain to develop more water. The people of Provo bench and Pro-v- o canyon bench have begun the gathering of their peaches and prunes From reports made by fruitgrowers, the prune crop is the heaviest ever aised in this valley. The peach crop, however, is a little uoder normal. The activities of the Utah Water Storage association, recently formed by representatives appointed by the county commissioners of Salt Lake, Davis, Weber, Utah, Wasatch,. Tooele, Summit and Morgan counties', will be extended to the entire state. Aerial feats in Curtlss planes owned by the Western Aircraft corporation will feature the fifth annual Good Time carnival of the Lehi Commercial club at Saratoga Springs on Lubor day, if the plans of the entertainment committee are fulfilled. John H. Smith, colored, was arrested .it Salt Lake last week for the alleged murder of a man named Brannon In t San Francisco, April 11, 1919. whs made at the request of the California authorities. ' George Austin, aged 15, was instant' ly killed when the horse he was riding at the Austin & Sons sheep ranch, ubout forty miles north of Coulville, stumbled and threw him heavily. He was on his Way to the ranch house after looking after some sheep when the mishap occurred. Attorney General Shields has been Instructed by Gov. Simon Bamberger 0 Institute' proceedings against any and all profiteers. Though Utah laws are adequate for prosecuting offenders, no special funds have been provided to pay the cost of prosecution. - Records Reveal Queer Ceremony Lawyer Unearths Interesting formation About "Smock UTAH STATE NEWS ruption. Postage for airplane mail at the time was fixed at fifteen cents nn ounce, the postoffice department figuring that speedy delivery made that price fair. In addition to being carried by airplane the letter was to be specially delivered which ordinarily, costs ten cents In addition to letter postage. Airplane mail service continued on a paying basis for a time, until the novelty wore off. Many persons at first used the airplane mail for its novelty, tnd the letters carried were uaimpor-tan-t, apparently. At any rate, after n few months, the sale of airplane stamp dwindled, as did the mail. Reduction In Rate. Then the postoffice department decided to fill the pouches when possible with ordinary first class letters. This was continued until July 18, when the rate for airplane postage was reduced from fifteen cents to two. It is probable now that this rate will be con tinued, for while the service does not pay for Itself the added facilities lit deliveries are regarded by the department us worth the price. When the service was started the with postoffice department the war department, which supplied the airplanes and the aviators. This arrangement had been suggested by the chief signnl officer of the army, who saw in the project an additional means of training aviators for the western front. Army participation continued until Inst November, when it was agreed for the sake of efficiency that the entire project should be taken over by the postoffice department. For this reason the service now Is entirely In the hands of the postoffice department nul the aviators are of civilian status, However, the pilots now engaged In the work have come largely from the army, being officer discharged from the service at the and of the war. The type of airplane used Is the ordie nary Curtlss machine, but the department Is preparing and, If congress provides the funds, will soon put especially built airplanes at work. ThefcS new airplanes are designed primarily for carrying mall, stabilized so tLat there Is no danautomatically, ' crash. In this regard they ger of will be different from the army type machine, In which ability to maneuver rapldl Is 'id element ef safety. post-offic- e : , post-offic- GEORGE M'GUIRE Died Nov. 1, 1913 LABOR'S OWH DAY First Monday in September Is Legal Holiday in Almost Every State Now. American Federation of La held an annual convention at Columbus, O.. December 2 t(?86. At this session the officers re ported the following: "At the fourth session of the federa tion a resolution was adopted making the first Monday in September of each pear labor's national holiday and recs ommending its observance by the generally throughout country. This met with response that exceeded the most sanguine expectai tlons. In our great manufacturing and centers thousands of distributing workingmen marched in procession and participated in the festivities of the picnic grounds, where the most skilled mechanics and workers in pro fessions and laborers united in a common celebration, exchanging friendly fraternal greetings while they listened to the champions of labor discussing the economic and political questions of the day. The good effects of this are so well understood that we recohimend Its more general observance stlU until it shall be as uncommon for a man to work on that day as on Independence day." Nearly all of the states in the Union now have statutes making the first Monday in September a. legal holiday, thus observing Labor day. In order that there be no misunderstanding with reference to the action of congress in enacting legislation, upon this subject it is well to state that the law passed by congress June 28, 1894, described above, as making Labor day a national holiday only provided that Labor day should be observed in the District of Columbia, as well as the then territories. Labor day was established in the various states and in the order and on the dates named below: 1887, February 21, Oregon; 1887, March 15, Colorado; 1887, April 8, New Jersey; 1887, May 6, New York; 1887, May 11, Massachusetts; 1889, March 20, Connecticut; 1889, March 29, Nebraska; 1889, April 25, Pennsylvania; 1890, April 28, Ohio; 1891, February 19, Maine; 1891, February 24, Washington; 1891, March 4, Montana ; 1891, March 4, Kansas ; 1891, March 9, Indiana; 1891, March 11, Tennessee; 1891, March 31, New Hampshire; 1891, June 17, Illinois; 1891, October 16, Georgia ; 1891, December 22, South Carolina; 1892, February 5, Virginia ; 1892, February 23, Utah ; 1892, July 7, Louisiana ; 1892, December 12, Alabama; 1893, February 11, Texas; 1893, February 14, Delaware; 1893, March 23, California; 1893, April 18, Minnesota ; 1893, April 19, Wisconsin; 1892, April 29, Florida; 1893, May 26, Rhode Island; 1894, June 28, District tt Columbia and territories; 1895, April 9, Missouri. THE wage-worker- YOUTHFUL LABOR BOOSTER The-arres- " |