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Show AMERICAN FORK CITIZEN. AMERICAN FORK, UTAH m i Mounting Battle Tempo Calls for More Material Big Problem Is to Route Manpower Into Critical Work; Labor Needs Vary Throughout Different Areas. By BAUKHAGE News Analyst and Commentator WN'U Service, Union Trust Building Washington, D. C. What I wrong with the American war effort on the home front? Why all thia excitement over a new draft of manpower? Didn't War Mobilizer Byrne, aay that our war production almost equalled the production of the entire world? These questions are being asked In many minds. I have asked them of the men whose Job It la to get things done In Washington, and I want to try to put their answers before you. Let me quote one sentence spoken by War Mobilizer Byrnes himself: "Critical production no longer feeds pipe-lines or goes Into strategic strate-gic reserves it Is going right Into battle." If we compare "critical production" produc-tion" with fighting units, perhaps the recent German counter-offensive will help us see the picture. When Von Rundstedt'a drive started, men and tanks and guns and trucks, "critical production" In other words, all had to be poured Into actual battle. The result was that tKere were Just not enough of them m the right place at the right time and our line crumbled. There were no immediate reserves to throw In and bolster the defense. Later on, when the veterans from the Third army and the First army and the British troops arrived, the tide was turned. They represented the reserves of "critical production" produc-tion" which should have been there 11 the time. '! For many months on that particular particu-lar front only the men In the front lines were needed. There were enough men there to take care of the normal enemy opposing them. It waa minimum force without enough reserve to take care of maximum need and they were thrown back. " That la the situation in war production pro-duction today. Certain critical supplies sup-plies (airplanes, tanks, other vehicles vehi-cles and their accessories, certain types of ordnance, certain types of ammunition) are being ' used so last In battle that if an extra strain developed at certain point there would not be any reserve to call upon.. . Changing Condition Alter Planning Why are these things lacking? Why didn't we pile them up, as we do other things, until we had enough to take cart of an emergency? Chiefly, because their greatest need developed after we started our war programs. Reserves for the future ean only be based on present Information Infor-mation or estimates based on previous previ-ous knowledge, or lucky guessing. When the war began nobody, not even the Japs who used amphibious warfare in the early stages to the best advantage, had any idea of the type and number of landing-craft, landing-craft, to say nothing of the technique tech-nique of operating them, which are used in the latest Allied operations. The contrast between the Japanese landing in Lingayen bay and the American landing three years later In the same .place is astounding. Byrnea used as examples of other "unpredlctablea," inventions and Improvements over old models, Jet planes, new types of radar and the like. Today, 59 per cent of our war production does not need to rise. Some of it Is properly declining. But there are other parts of the program which are lagging that should mount, because they are "critical production." Of course, some plants making such goodsxare temporarily closed while re-tooling for new models. Others are under construction. But many plants lack nothing except manpower, those, tor example, making certain types of planes and tanks and ships. Tires re being ground to pieces by shell splinters in the mud of Luxembourg Luxem-bourg and Belgium. Tanks are rolling roll-ing from New Guinea to the Philippines Philip-pines to the Rhine, and bigger and better ones are demanded There is constant need for all kinds of ammunition, am-munition, but there is critical need for certain types of ammunition, both heavy and light. And so we come to the main problem prob-lem which Is really the only problem prob-lem today manpower We have the BARBS There is report that Hitler can't even "hear ' hlmsf If properly any" more. Lucky Adolph. , They aay a girl pave the answer. "The telephone rlrgs," when asked by the professor as to what happens when body is immersed in water But I doubt if she felt that 11 would put wet blanket on her converse tlon. Mil j raw material and will have the manufacturing facilities In time. Undersecretary of War Patterson told the house military affairs com- j mlttee that in the lrst six months i of 1943. 700.000 men would be needed 1 for war production and industry j necessary to the war effort. I I have talked with the War Manpower Man-power commission experts and they break down those figures something like this: j One hundred and fifty thousand men needed immediately for critical I war production. One hundred and fifty thousand i more for other war production to ; take care of the normal turn-over, expected replacements, etc. The remaining 400,000 must be retained in civilian production and services which have to be continued in order ! to maintain the total war effort j The situation is summed up In i general terms this way: The man- j power mobilization problem is not as large as it was in 1942 and 1943 ' but it is more acute in certain . lines. Two things contribute to mak- j lng it more acute. One is the fact that we haven't the pool of either ' civilian production or the unem-ployed unem-ployed from which to draw as we , had at the start. Second, because ' the needs are "critical" (battle i needs) they must be satisfied tm- ! mediately or the actual front-line ' activities may be immediately affected. af-fected. One thing which must be considered consid-ered is the geographical shift of the American labor force, a point which affects the general situation for it Involves moving a worker from place to place. And in the present pres-ent need, although the West coast (where labor Is concentrated) Is still the most critical area, the building of new factories to meet new needs and the change In the type of needs from one established factory In one place to one in another an-other place involves the question of suasion or force on the worker. For instance, there is a great need In Utah and Wyoming for workers work-ers in coal mines. The scattered foundry sections from Michigan and Ohio, through Pennsylvania and New York to New England are critical areas. Even plane production, produc-tion, concentrated in the West, has its problems, for, although some airplane air-plane factories on the Pacific coast have closed down, many of the new factories for the flying fortresses nd other new-models are In areas other than the West coast. We have the man and woman-power woman-power in the nation to take care of the need. It is question of getting the right man in the right place. Overoptimiem Cautet Letdown There ae several reasons why the right man (and woman) is not in the right place now. One la due to n error in Judgment which may, or may not. be blameworthy. Germany's Ger-many's "come-back" power, for which I attempted to set forth certain cer-tain reasons in two preceding columns, col-umns, was underestimated. This caused a shortage in certain types of weapons. Superabundance in others. The latter put men out ; of work and caused them to seek non-war Jobs. We had counted on a more mobile type of warfare. We did not think we needed the heavy ' artillery to blast Germany out of 1 powerful defenses. We counted too I heavily on enemy vulnerability to the bombing of German cities. That was both a psychological and strategical stra-tegical error. Underestimating the length of the European war also had a bad psychological psy-chological effect. It caused many workers to quit war work tor what they thought -would be more permanent per-manent employment. It caused great pressure on Washington to begin be-gin reconversion, as War Mobilizer Byrnes admits was wrong. He said: we could not do two things at once . . could not pursue an all-out war production effort while simultaneously releasing materials, facilities and manpower tor civilian production." The man and his Job were separated, sepa-rated, too. by the Improvement oi models and creation of new equipment. equip-ment. No one can be blamed for this. But frequently, as I have shown. It tended to place the job and the man miles apart. by UaukhttfLe Art American soldier made such a hit conducting Berlioz symphony' in Rome that the Italians requested a repeat. He couldn't because his three-day puss had expired. Ralph Waldo Emeison once saio that Good is a go. d doctor but Bmo is sometimes a belter" But what difference does it make? They're probxbly both in the arin.v nnw. WEEKLY NEWS Germans Fall Back Behind Oder River as Red Tide Rolls On; Act for More Essential Apparel , RtleoMd by Wtatern Newipapcr L'r (EDITOR'S NOTE: WMa plnUai art WtlUrn Mwipaptr I' ! wi tatysU . k - ,f fit ILiLJ Driving southward te Manila, le Irrigated landscape on Luzon. crude EUROPE: Red Tide Long in the making, when Germany Ger-many first envisioned the necessity of fighting by her- """l self, the Reich 's VtJOder river line ! 1 was put to Its first - : , lreal test as 4 - 1 Marshal Konev's f 1 1st Ukraine army ' ?, S'i rolled to its ram- r Va I parts on a broad f . n- M"OM in Silesia ?ithe "lile Ruhr" I of the east. As Kontvi forces moved on the Oder line. Marshal Zhu- Premier Stalin kov's 1st White Russian army pushed on the rich agricultural province prov-ince of Pomerania farther to the north, while Marshal Rokossovsky's 2nd and General Cherniakovsky's 3rd White Russian armies were snapping their huge pincer on East Prussia, traditional home of the Junkers. In sweeping on Silesia, the Russians Rus-sians threatened Germany's second great industrial belt, rich In mineral resources and once distantly removed re-moved from heavy Allied bombardment. bombard-ment. As the Red tide rolled on, Nazi commentators frankly admitted that loss of Silesia would seriously impair their ability to carry on the war, and it was here that the enemy offered some of his first sizable resistance. re-sistance. While Premier SUlin announced an-nounced the fall of one strong-bold strong-bold after another, and declared de-clared that the great Russian winter offensive had licked up the cream of the German army, Nasi circles began to take a calmer view of the situation after aft-er their first frantic reaction, claiming that effective counter-measures counter-measures could be made only In time because of the gigantic scope of the attack. Renew Threat As the last remnants of the German Ger-man forces which punched deep into Belgium streamed back Into the Siegfried Line under a hail of Allied serial fire. British forces to the north maintained their heavy pressure against the Roer river line guarding the plain to Cologne. With their Belgium bubble burst, the Germans stepped up the intensity inten-sity of their nuisance attack in Alsace, Al-sace, where the U. S. 7th army, forced to bear the full weight of the Nazi pressure in this area following the retirement of units to meet the enemy's earlier threat in the north, fought off savage tank-led attacks on a broad front. Temporarily relieved by Von Rundstedt's daring thrust into Belgium, Bel-gium, Germany's vital Rhineland again- was seriously endangered by the British operations above Aachen, and the U. S. 1st and 3rd armies' regaining of the initiative. Terms for Hungary Return of territory to Czechoslovakia, Czechoslo-vakia, Romania and Yugoslavia, payment of $300,000,000 in reparations repara-tions and provision of at least eight infantry divisions to help fight Germany Ger-many marked the Allies' armistice terms to Hungary accepted in'Mos-cow. in'Mos-cow. No sooner had Hungary returned Ruthenia to Czechoslovakia than the latter ceded the mountainous province prov-ince to Russia, which sought it as a natural defense barrier to the newly new-ly enlarged Soviet Ukraine. Payment of the $300,000,000 In reparations rep-arations will be made in goods over a six-year period, it was revealed, with Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia sharing in $100.00QJfN. DROUTH J V With their fields and pastures scorched, drouths were said to have played havoc wtth Australia ,od, Argentines field, crops.- and,-"tn the case of the former. ,taken a heavy toll of stock. From a normal 156,000.000 bushels bush-els of wheat.' Australia's production produc-tion was estimated to have dropped to a mere 50.0on.000 bushels, while 2.000.000 of 137.000.000 sheep and thousands of hd of cattle and were said to have been lost. Only a carryover of 75.000.000 bush- ANALYSIS la lkM lomni, thty art at murllr ! tbl twpPr. Tank InfantryWfcn trod gingerly over PACIFIC: Yanks Wary Virtually without opposition during dur-ing the earlier stages of their drive down the broad plains to Manila on Luzon, General MacArthur's all-conquering American forces began to run into stlffer opposition as their drive fully developed. Even so, enemy opposition was chiefly concentrated far behind on the Yanks' left flank, where General Gen-eral MacArthur was forced to bring up strong artillery batteries to pound Japs entrenched in the mountainous terrain, guarding, the approaches to the northeastern end of the island. Although the speed of their advance ad-vance southward waited only on the movement of their supply columns, the Yanks pushed forward warily, cognizant that the enemy command had not yet committed the major portion of his forces to the fight As they swept on however, the Yanks seized a half dozen air strips for use of the numerically superior U. S. air forces. , CLOTHING: Plan Controls Seeking to increase the output of essential low and medium priced clothing, and also check the rising cost of apparel the government mapped a double-edged double-edged program. First, the War Production board planned to give priority preferment for fabrics to manufacturers manu-facturers of work clothing, children's chil-dren's apparel and underwear, with the government controlling quality to assure maximum serviceability serv-iceability of the garments and limiting the trimmings. Second, the Office of Price Administration, Ad-ministration, describing rising clothing costs as the greatest single threat to the anti-inflation program, planned to fix maximum maxi-mum prices at the average level of the first half of 1943, a reduction re-duction of about 6 or 7 per cent Although most so-called luxury lux-ury items, will disappear from the market under the new regulations, regu-lations, WPB said, better grade clothing will continue to be avail-: avail-: able, and the overall supply should remain about the same. CABINET SHIFT: Wallace Named With business generally looking askance at ex-Vice Pres. Henry A. Wallace's appointment as secretary of commerce, the senate sought to soften the opposition to the selection by considering the transfer of the huge lending functions from the department de-partment to a federal loan agency. Such a move would serve to quiet apprehensions over Wallace's experience expe-rience in the handling of huge sums, and the concern that be might use the department's tremendous resources re-sources for the active entrance of government in business to provide postwar employment On being apprized ap-prized of his appointment Wallace declared: "The department of commerce com-merce and federal loan agency provide pro-vide an opportunity ... for intelligent intelli-gent work in behalf of the producing and consuming public. Roughly, the job is to promote a maximum of national employment by private business. Government must accept the duty of seeing that all men in health have jobs. ..." Wallace's appointment was not made smoother by the displacement of incumbent Sec. Jesse Jones, the big Texas business mogul who handled the multi-billion dollar lending lend-ing activities of the Reconstruction Finance corporation with small loss even before the RFC was made part of the department of commerce in 1942. els of wheat from the previous year curbedhe stock fatalities and enabled en-abled thcorntry to meet It domestic domes-tic and foreign commitments. -In - Argeffiin" " the prolonged drouths and excessive heat Is seriously seri-ously endangering field crops, with prospects for corn 80 per cent below be-low last years harvest v and for wheat down m per cent. Flax and rye production also Is expected to suffer heavily Seared pastures and small forage for-age reserves cloud the country' stock situation. r .'-lit h POLITICS: Party Plans Girding for the 1946 congressional and 1948 presidential elections, the Republican national committee, meeting in Indianapolis. Ind., adopted adopt-ed a program looking toward the active revitalization of the party. Proposed by Chairman Herbert BrownelL who was reelected to the position, the program call for the establishment of a full time organization organ-ization with an enlarged staff, which, in addition to maintaining contact with state units, would work closely with GOP representatives and senators sena-tors and help them prepare legislation. legis-lation. Originally a Dewey man. Brownell faced some opposition to his reelection reelec-tion as chairman chiefly because of discontent with the last campaign and the feeling that his retention might strengthen the New York governor's gov-ernor's position in 1948, but he set fears at rest by declaring that he would work for no man's candidacy but would merely Interest himself In operating the party machinery. On the other side of the fence, the Democratic national committee, with $400,000 in the kitty, revealed plans to have each state raise a certain cer-tain quota of money to help defray the expenses of the party's between-election between-election publicity and educational drives. At the same time. Chairman Han-negan Han-negan announced that the Jefferson Day birthday banquets to be held April 13 would repla'ce the former Jackson Day dinners for the raising of funds for future election campaigns. cam-paigns. CANNED VEGETABLES: Guard Supplies Because uncontrolled demand would have resulted In the disappearance disap-pearance of short stocks of canned vegetables three to five months before be-fore the new pack, rationing of these items was restored in December. It was revealed. Originally, OPA had removed canned vegetables from rationing in September because of the indication indi-cation of an early end to the European Euro-pean war and OPA's wish to avoid the accumulation of a surplus of stocks. At the time rationing was restored, re-stored, it was said, only 31 per cent of the year's supply of peas remained re-mained for distribution in the next eight months; 60 per cent of the year's supply of corn for ten months, and 46 per cent of the year's supply of snap beans for eight months. It uxu a burdened but firm Franklin Frank-lin I). Roosevelt, who, laying his left hand upon an old family bible and raining his right, was sworn in to a fourth term as President o the United States on the south portico of the W hile House, as 7,000 selected guests stood in the chill air to witness wit-ness the event. In the briefest of his four inaugural inaugu-ral addresses, the President called for total victory, then asked for perseverance per-severance in the achievement of a just peace. Said he: "We shall strive for perfection. We shall not achieve it immediately but we shall strive. We may make mistakes but they must never be mistakes which result from faint-ness faint-ness of heart or abandonment of moral principle. . . ." WAR PRODUCTION: Further Boosts Reflecting the government's inten-ive inten-ive efforts to speed up output, production pro-duction of . critical . .war . material showed a sharp increase in the last half of 1944, ranging from 20 per cent for tires and trucks to over 200 per cent for rockets. Despite the substantial boosts, however, plans call tor even greater great-er production In succeeding months, with further increases for rockets, tires and trucks, planes, light artillery artil-lery field pieces and batteries. In addition to these items, it was revealed, the government's program calls for greater output of artillery ammunition, navy high capacity ammunition, cotton duck, communications communi-cations wire and tanks. AUSSIES: Mop-Up To Australia's half-million men between 18 and 35. who have volunteered volun-teered for overseas service, has fallen fall-en the task of cleaning out the Jap pocket of resistance in the South Pacific, left far behind the front lines by General MacArthur's leapfrogging leap-frogging tactics. Left to wither away. 100,000 Japs, supplied by submarine, have matv aged to maintain their positions in a great arc extending from the Solomons Solo-mons to New Guinea. By planting troops behind these Jap garrisons to coop them up while superior U. S. aerial and naval forces reduced their communica-tiona communica-tiona to a minimum, General Mac-Arthur Mac-Arthur avoided the necessity nf committing com-mitting large units in long and costly cost-ly all-out battle to storm them one by one. thus delaying hi whole offensive of-fensive schedule. RAIL TRAFFIC Railroads in 1944 handled the greatest volume of freight- traffic measured In ton-mile., of .rev, frefght. for any year on record Total traffic amounted to approxi mately 737.000.000.000 revenue ton-miles, ton-miles, according to preliminary estimates esti-mates based on reports from Qjasi I railroads. 1 4 per cent above the previous record. The volume of freight traffic carried car-ried by the railroads In 1944 was an increase of 121 ner r.m 2 pared with 1939. U 1 I l."wN.i..tn Unt From a Blue Serge Suit: Mr I Hoffman (the New York 1 branch of the Hollywood Reporter) ! recalled the most costly comma In U. S. history. . . . Many years ago a tariff bill listed articles that were j t6 be admitted free. One Item was j "all foreign fruit-plants." . But I a careless clerk replaced the hyphen ! with a comma. . . It caused or-I or-I anges, lemons, bananas, grapes and other imported fruits to be admitted admit-ted to the U. S. free of duty. . . . ; It cost the government an esti mated million dollars plus. A concrete example of Journalistic Journalis-tic Jiu-jitsu (being thrown for the -mint i was the stonr which said that ! Dick- Merrill, the famed transatlan-! transatlan-! tic flier,, had broken another rec-I rec-I ord flying from Seattle to Waah-I Waah-I ington in six hours and three ; minutes. . . . The story was wired from the Capital by one of the new services. . . - One night later we grabbed Dick's paw and shook it ' hard as we congratulated him. . . . "I don't know what it' about," he said. "I just came in from Africa. How could such a story that never happened get started?" The terrible crash of the old China Clipper at Trinidad reminded us of the flight we made from Natal to the U. S. . . . The Boeing circled over Port of Spain for more than an hour waiting, we learned, for the man in charge of the field lights to wake up and turn them on. . . . The law there at the time, it appears, prohibited pro-hibited plane landings at night. . . . When the China Clipper crashed it was the first time Trinidad permitted permit-ted planes to land at night. The author of "Argentine Diary" (Ray Josephs) has an exciting report re-port in Cosmopolitan. It is the first full-length article on Evita (Little ; Eva) Duarte. the girl "behind the j Colonels' clique in Argentina." . . ' We wrote about her activities here I last June the first story to appear j in the U. S. about her influence in j Argentina. . . . Little Eva. we said. a one-time playboys' gal-pal. worked herself up. colonel by colonel, to a top spot in the leading Fascist regime re-gime in the Americas. . . . Josephs' Cosmo piece is called "Under Cover Cov-er Girl," and you'll know why when you read it. . . . His story, he tells us, was inspired by the Item here about her. and that is thy the editors edi-tors bought it. . . . Two major movie studios are interested, too, report the author. . . . Thus a columnar item has bloomed. Things like this are making Sec'y of State tinlus a very respected re-spected gent around Washington. ' . . . The other day he invited Sec'y of Interior Ickes and his staff to meet with the State Dep't at a private dinner. . . . Mr. Ickes was asked to make a complete criticism or the State Dep t. ... The Idea waa to achieve better teamwork. . . Ickes let them have a blistering; attack, and plenty of State Dep't ears slxtled. ... But the confab achieved its unique purpose. . . . It put the State Dep't lads en friendly, human relations with the Ickes bnncb for the first time In a doxen years. Add fine screen playing: Mark Daniels in the "Winged Victory" hit. ... In mid-December the col'm predicted pre-dicted that another strike would break out at Wright's in New Jer-ey. Jer-ey. The workers there wish it emphasized that they won't strike and intend to vote for the continuation continua-tion of the no-strike pledge. A Broadway playgirl was tipped to a sure-thing four days before Tropical Park shuttered. She plunged on the horse for a $10,000 killing But the bookie, with" no future in racetrack gambling, welshed to the coast. Her bey- friend happens to be one nf k. ... j toughest sportsmen. Not a new way j of committing suicide, at all. ' A G'lmore hatcbeck gal got a $100 tip from a fellow, who returned two hours later and said it was a mis-; mis-; take, demanding it back. He gave ' her $1 instead. Not a bad tip. at - that. . Havana Is "dead"-prac-tically no tourists But Cuba ha great prosperity, wages are higher than ever. The Cuban capital is guarded by hiachine gunners, ditto the Presidential Palace. . . . Groaned one wealthy Cuban planter; "You people insist on giving our people j milk and ice cream! They hate It!" th- hn. '! true you ,r fher than ever?" he was,asked . . . "No " n aid. "I used to make $500.0Oo'a montlv Now it take, three month. , to make that!" Cole Porter say. of iU few T . ' i-") Love for j S. which radio banned, becmZl ; fluently, wa, never "don. to death"' by the song.pluKger. . . Tnt R pub. ar e d escnbmg Mr Church.il T. "nt features this p,ard .F the )ruftn... .i ... " ,n .'"! Phil R s Dn of . nh . Bf,to 'Wipt.-.n . Phony: "He ,s burred more failJr.'. ,UCCe" ,hH" b own lis . oothiR-Tv : y'r really j WiedlcwtH 'tt&J Millions urn a . i. p.theirthrot.ls'i resehes ali ji J OOURhs, throat! S neasrcsuliin, frTT,y UltlPU nK punk a. the dickens, WiT Pet sour tnsti Buel take Dr. Cildweffs hL to quickly pullthstiS!; Mfdi" and help f chipper again. ", D.CALDWELl'SUfl-1-J Ml.i.tivocontsindi.35 PepsmtomtkehMiT"j MANY DOCTORS , J) tons In prescriptions to an more ptltublt tMZ Uk. - Sobe,ur.,olLS5 tamed in Syrup Pepns, 4 insist on dr. cnmtaJ vonte of millions for 50 ZTJ that wholesome rtHrf ( ton. Evenfiniclrjcliil4ttC! CAUTION i TJto only ti firuM 1 JJ1LIAII) SENNA LAXATIVE CONTAIN! .....a . nf "Trx f j "".taf1o,.nl. When riff vi cut like a knife.. CHAPPED Creaked aysW Caused wU riw, ka disklnerils,lats2 blood supply. )J52. tkirtti ell w tbeyl ad nioisture. rorsora,e lips Mentholatua '""H oo Nj?V VI 1 I iilf "urn r'ir"-j WO |