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Show AMERICAN FORK CITIZEN Weekly News Britain Feared Cdpitiilating In Czech-German Argument lly Joseph W. l aHlne Foreign At his office in Fleet street. Pub lisher Geoffrey Dawson decided that wisdom was the better part ol valor. val-or. Next morning his London Times put in black and white what England's Eng-land's conservative Cliveden set has thought all along: That Britain had best let Adolf Hitler cede Czechoslovakia's Czecho-slovakia's Sudeten territory if no other settlement would satisfy him. Nor did Der Fuehrer appear content con-tent with anything less. While nervous nerv-ous France protested such an idea and rushed troops into her amazing Maginot line like gophers rush to their holes, all eyes converged not on London or Prague, but on Nuremberg Nur-emberg where the Nazi party was holding its annual congress and clam bake. There, Chancellor Hitler found the spotlight's rays pleasantly warm. In the first of his eight speeches he made clear Germany's determination determina-tion to be supreme in southeast Europe. Eu-rope. To Czechoslovakia these were frightening words. Immediately Sudeten Su-deten Leader Konrad Henlein was handed the "fourth and final" list of concessions which he rushed un- 1$ c AMBASSADOR HENDERSON wouldn't go horn. opened to Nuremberg. Same evening eve-ning Fuehrers Hitler and Henlein opened them, found satisfaction for every demand except (1) establishment establish-ment of a one-unit government for Sudetens and (2) freedom for practice prac-tice of Nazi ideology. Prage'a concessions might have been sufficient a week earlier, but shrewd Adolf Hitler now saw a chance to take the whole hog. Britain, Brit-ain, anxious to avoid war at all cost, had capitulated, unofficially admitting admit-ting she was willing to sell Czechoslovakia Czecho-slovakia down the river. And by midnight another unexpected joy had developed, so important that Konrad Henlein was sent scurrying back home with orders to hold out for complete surrender. At Maehrisch-Ostrau, in Sudeten territory, Czech mounted policemen had horsewhipped a noisy crowd, striking a Sudeten legislator on the shoulders. While apologetic Prague hastened its investigation, the incident in-cident offered Konrad Henlein a new chance to play the role of martyr. Next day, with all odds in his favor, fa-vor, Der Fuehrer could afford to assure the world of his peaceful intentions. in-tentions. While Nuremberg's show continued, he received Germany's foreign diplomatic corps, including France's Andre Francois-Poncet who suggested: "Democracies are not exactly lauded at the Nuremberg Nurem-berg congress, but their emissaries usually feel welcome." Answered expansive Adolf Hitler: "I hope to continue to make the ambassadors feel welcme, and I also hope that during my regime no mother will have cause for wet eyes on account of any action of mine." Most foreign envoys left after the reception, but not Britain's Sir Nevile Henderson. He stuck around like a guest who won't go home, trying to corner either Der Fuehrer or Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop. If he succeeded, Germany Ger-many would learn that Geoffrey Dawson was only fooling, that Britain Bri-tain still meant business. Aviation U. S. commercial airlines could not operate without government mail subsidy, but since 1934 even that assistance has been insufficient to prevent huge deficits. Part of the infant Industry's trouble has been of its own making, as when monopolistic monopolis-tic practices caused the U. S. army's painful experience with air mail five years ago. Throughout its brief history, his-tory, aviation" has contended with improper and vacillating government govern-ment supervision. Not until last winter win-ter did congress create a civil aeronautics aero-nautics authority, which was organized organ-ized last month under Edward J. Noble. Last week, CAA gave a party. To Chicago they Invited representatives of 25 commercial lines for a "get acquainted" meeting that ended in a lecture. Led by Air Transport association's CoL Edgar S. Gorreli, aviation plumped for immediate stop-gap relief in the form of increased in-creased air mail subsidies. Also outlined was a five-point industrial program which requires CAA's moral mor-al and financial aid. All this was well enough, but If airlines expected CAA to be a finan ' X T er 'mm v. v 1 Review cial angel, they had another guess coming. Up stepped Member Harl-lee Harl-lee Branch to dispel, once and for alL any mistaken ideas. Said he: "It seems proper to remind . . . carriers that while the authority desires de-sires that they shall receive fair compensation, no line should assume as-sume that the authority is going to dish out public moneys in any reckless reck-less or ill considered fashion. No one should be deluded with the idea that all an air line has to do ... is convince the suthority it has succeeded suc-ceeded in operating at a deficit There will be no premiums on bad management" War North of the Yangtze river, two Japanese armies captured three Chinese positions in their drive on Hankow. South of the Yangtze there was a different story, for defenders pierced Jap lines six miles southeast south-east of Juichang and forced the invaders in-vaders to retreat, leaving 300 dead. Fresh .from Tokyo came 100,000 troops, determined to intensify the campaign on all fronts until Generalissimo Gener-alissimo Chiang Kai-shek's government govern-ment is crushed. On the Ebro front, Generlisslmo Francisco Franco's African Moors swept through a gap in the loyalist Cobera line, next day capturing mountain heights dominating the river valley. Domestic In Ohio, 110,000 aged people receive re-ceive federal-state assistance, which costs the U. S. social security board approximately $1,275,000 per month. Jn August when he ran for Demo cratic renomination, Ohio's Gov. Martin L. Davey pointed with pride at his record. One accomplishment: Establishment of old age assistance, which has also been established in 47 other stages. Three days before the primary, Social Security's Director Frank Bane charged Governor Davey with using old age assistance to get votes.. "Though the governor was defeated, de-feated, that did not stop Social Security Se-curity from sending out Investigators Investiga-tors who last week reported to Chairman Arthur J. Altmeyer. At a hearing from which Martin Davey pointedly absented himself. Social Security claimed that (1) requests re-quests for old-age aid addressed directly di-rectly to Governor Davey received preferential treatment; (2) some pensioneers were told it would be "a good idea" to vote for Governor Davey; (3) political and personal influence replaced the merit system In appointment of Ohio's old age personnel. Next day, Chairman Altmeyer' s threat to cut off federal pension grants brought a sharp retort as Martin Davey answered a "dirty OHIO'S MARTIN DAVEY "This it surprisingly dirty politics.' ' politics" charge with a dash of the same medicine: "Frankly, I do not believe you dare deprive these (Ohio's) aged citizens of one-half their scant living to support your political maneuver . . . This was surprisingly dirty politics for one who pretends to be as righteous as yourself." . Before he ever became President, Presi-dent, Franklin Roosevelt's pet public pub-lic utilities idea was a four-point program including (1) Grand Coulee for the Northwest; (2) Boulder for the Southwest; (3) TV A for the Southeast; (4) St Lawrence waterway water-way for the Northeast Boulder dam had already been built, and since coming to the White House Franklin Roosevelt has started Grand Coulee, expanded TV A. Only the St Lawrence Law-rence waterway is unstarted. nor will It start until Ontario's stubborn Premier Mitchell Hepburn gives his blessing, not forthcoming until Canada's Can-ada's railroad situation Improves. Without mentioning St Lawrence, the President managed last week to focus attention on it At Hyde Park he read reports by the war department depart-ment and federal power commission on power needs. Then he decided an electricity shortage in case of war constitutes t'a serious threat to. national security." Appointed at once was a special committee for further study, to "find and recommend definite ways and means pf meeting this problem." Best bet was that the St. Lawrence plan would be the "ways and means." - p. . C ' -r J: '''v,'''-::"--;'-;V'''':''""' 'N ;':: " Businets Not since June, 1937. has the U. S. treasury asked the capital market for' Tnew money," though last December De-cember it borrowed $450,000,000 to pay maturing bills. But when congress con-gress voted billions for relief thii past spring, when Recession kept governmerft payrolls swollen above normal, it was obvious that money must come from somewhere. Fortnight Fort-night ago, Secretary of the Treasury Treas-ury Henry Morgenthau Jr, returned from Europe, busying himself immediately im-mediately with Budget Director Daniel W. BelL Then came the Inevitable In-evitable announcement This month, said Secretary Morgenthau. Mor-genthau. the treasury will go Into the market for $700,000,000 in "new V-;-',; r -.r 5-'v . SECRETARY MORGENTHAU Unci Sam needed more money. money" to help finance Recovery. Still ahead are requests for $1,400,-000,000 $1,400,-000,000 more In "new money," though these will not come before next calendar year. Nor was this alL In the next few weeks, notes totaling $433,460,-900, $433,460,-900, due December 15, will be refinanced. re-financed. Short term treasury bills, totaling $1,300,000,000. will be refinanced re-financed at a rate of $100,000,000 per week. Bolstered by Us new borrowing, borrow-ing, the U. S. cash box will operate on a larger working balance between be-tween now and December. On hand last week was $1,620,000,000. How much it cost Secretary Morgenthau Mor-genthau to raise his national debt to $38,300,000,000, was evidenced by loan rates. The $1,300,000,000 in maturing ma-turing bills cost the treasury an average debt service of 0.05 per cent, possibly the lowest rate in U. S. history. Net result of new borrowing bor-rowing will be to decrease bank reserves, re-serves, now nearing an all-time high, and to increase deposits. Though bank earnings thus far in 1938 are under last year, Secretary Morgenthau was optimistic. Said he: "If s quite remarkable the way banks ace paying dividends and covering cov-ering them. I think they seem to be doing very well. As you know, we have no failures to speak of." Agriculture Last spring, the new U. S. crop control measure placed domestic and export corn requirements at 2,470,000,000 bushels, promised to make loans if 1938 production exceeded ex-ceeded that figure. Though much corn has suffered from disease, America's crop this year has still turned out above expectations. By last week it became apparent that corn loans will be necessary. At Washington, AAA's H. R. Tolley reported re-ported the August estimate of 1938 corn was 2, 566, 000. 000 bushels, which is 94,000,000 bushels in excess of the original estimate. Though loan figures will not be determined until next November's crop board estimates, loins were virtually assured, as-sured, probably at 57 cents a bushel Politics Nevada's Pat McCarran backed Franklin Roosevelt for re-election in 1936. opposed his Supreme court and government reorganization measures. But while the President sought to "purge" other half-hearted New Dealers in this year's primaries, pri-maries, he made no intervention in Nevada's primary. Opposing Pat McCarran for renomination were Reno's Albert Hilliard and Carson City's Dr. John Worden. both "100 per cent New Dealers." The outcome: out-come: Pat McCarran won easy renomination. re-nomination. At Little Rock, Ark., conscientious conscien-tious J. Rosser Venable, 'defeated candidate for Democratic senatorial nomination, submitted his $683.90 expense report with an explanation of one Item: "I bought one 25-cent watermelon for a few persons in a store and divided with them this delicious. Juicy melon." People -- Former Queen Victoria of Spain is a Battenberg, and for generations all men of the Battenberg line have Inherited hemophilia (tendency to bleed), though Battenberg women are free of it Among victims was the count of Cavadonga, eldest son of Queen Victoria and King Alfonso. As a child he nearly" bled to death from a tooth extraction. Two years ago, he had 20 transfusions over a malignant tumor which could not be relieved by surgery for fear of bleeding. Last week, at Miami, the count of Cavadonga sped down Bis-cayne Bis-cayne boulevard with Mildred Gay-don, Gay-don, night club cigarette glrL Their car swerved to miss a truck, slid, smashed into a telephone pole. Nine hours later the count bled to death. , Son James Roosevelt, at Rochester's Roches-ter's Mayo clinic, prepared to have a stomach ulcer removed. Unnatural Nature V J ATURE $ometime$ startles man by turning it$ tablet and revealing amazing quirks. For example, the above beach on the southeastern coast of Hawaii has unusually fine sand. But imagine the amazement of the first white man who saw it; this sand is coal black, the result of volcanic deposits. Picture; Parade "i.v i-X-. tv: lv ---v: fit North Carolina is famous "Blowing Rock" over the precipitous pre-cipitous chasm of John's river. The young lady tosses her handkerchief over the' edge and a moment later sees it wafted gently back into her hands. In winter, it actually snows upward at this strange place and air currents are constantly moving up! r.aeBfeBsMM . v:V- 1 (J -V: M t:.t f-' Nature made peculiar things in the sea, too. At Seaside Park, N. J., this lovely miss caught a blow fish which was chased ashore by larger fish. These creatures expand many times their normal size when their tummies are tickled. When released they deflate with a snort! Be careful, fellow, you'll explode. '' Many of r nature underground tecreu have never been fathomed. Here is one in a stream near Lake Lure, N. C. Miss Helen Hoffman points into the black abyss that holds a mystery never fathomed fust Mow deep the water is. Several similar pools are in the same locality, and no one has ever been able to reach their bottoms. r ! -f.k i -i..-. : ' J 'l , f 1 v 4 ' ' Nature made this man-shaped facet man gave it' a smoke! 1 V :' i ; a r J ''- I : : .' ' ' - - , ; i ! f ; I l): j lliwujii i niwmmii'itii , mm m BrmekurC Wtuhlmgton tilgest Old-Age Pension Schemejt In Primaries in Several Lead to Success of Senator Pepper j i Defeat of McAdoo in California; Del d Infirm Voters; Fallacy of Plari By WILLIAM BRUCKART ) WNU 8enrlce, National Press Bldt., WASWTWMYW A una man. . v,. . ' Easterners had nearly forgotten about Dr. Francis Townsend and his $200-a-month pension plan until lately they were suddenly awakened awak-ened by the far South and the far West Sen. Claude Pepper won a Democratic nomination to the senate sen-ate in Florida largely because of espousal of the Townsend plan and Just recently Sen. William G. McAdoo Mc-Adoo had his public career abruptly terminated because Sheridan Downey, Down-ey, his opponent for the Democratic senatorial nomination in California, proposed and promised some fantastic fan-tastic scheme of paying $30 every Thursday to persons over 50 years of age. In addition to these results, there have been 12 or 15 candidates for the nomination to the house of representatives rep-resentatives who have won in primaries pri-maries by saying the Townsend plan or the $30-every-Thursday or som? other impossible and illogical and unsound pension plan would be put through congress. I cannot describe de-scribe them all; they are obviously variations of the Townsend plan, and none of them will work any more than the Townsend bubble will work, and each has been used to delude aged and infirm voters whose ballots"were needed to swing an election. It Is tragic that such things have happened, and are happening today. to-day. The fact can not be Ignored, however, because the condition Is with ns. The one thing to do, then, I believe, is to attempt to disillusion those folks who have swallowed the slick words of those campaigners or those racketeers who are preying upon the faith of folks who, through no fault of their own, do not have access to information that shows these schemes to be rainbows. And, as far as history records, nobody on earth ever has found the end of the rainbow where the pot of gold is reputed to be. I am not concerned about the public pub-lic career of Mr. McAdoo who has been in public service off and on since 1913. He never Impressed me as being any great shakes of a statesman. As secretary of the treasury, he did the job probably about as well as the average political politi-cal appointee. I never have had the pleasure of meeting Mr. Downey. So I can't comment Senator Pepper's Pep-per's senate record is a great deal like many another senator's record, and probably will continue to be just so-so. In other- words, here were two average senators one winning with the aid of the promises about the Townsend plan and the other losing because he stayed away from such promises, although he was thrice blessed by the President of the United States. That situation, along with some letters accusing me of giving the Townsend plan a "silent "si-lent treatment" in these columns, seems to warrant a new analysis of the conditions that now confront the country. It Appears Townsendtsm I Not Dead After All As I said there is evidence that Townsendism is not dead at all. It has formed the basis of a dozen new panaceas, of which the $30-every-Thursday is but an example. It happened that this scheme was proposed pro-posed in California which, particularly particu-larly In its southern sections, has a vast population of aged people who have gone there to enjoy the famous climate and have the health that it gives them. Old people are mili-tantly mili-tantly behind these schemes. That is one of the reasons why Mr. Downey Down-ey was able to boast more than a million signatures to the petition that made the question an issue in California. And Florida, too, with a fine winter climate. Is a fertile field for the racketeers who promote pro-mote such ridiculous programs. It is a harsh thing to blame the strength of these movements, all of which crop up during depression times, upon elderly people. It Is nevertheless the cold fact that they are the type among whom such schemes are promoted, and because they have votes, the candidate for office stoops to the level of adding further to hopes that never can be fulfilled in that manner. To show how silly the scheme of $30-every-ThuTsda3r 'Uf- as " 1 cam- palgn Issue for Mr. Downey just as an example he Is a candidate for the United States senate. The pension dream' he has advocated is planned as part of the welfare program pro-gram of the state of California. How Mr. Downey can do anything about it as a member of the TJnlted States senate, I can not understand, $nd I seriously doubt that . Mr Downey can explain it Nor will the plan work if made into law without bankrupting the state of California. I doubt that It will work-anyway, but' assuming that It may work, the state will be assuming a burden that will cost it so much money that the California Cali-fornia books will be so far in the red as to cause them to appear splotched with blood. This idea of placing "stamps" on each warrant each week so that an actual $1.04 Y"y loom,. example, yond e nec Payments to thHsT' tmuc to accept face vaK That f5, thepoJJ, Inc sn ront. , ably wnnW v. i. . warrant for )t j?; esult of . lack : the People in ana guaranteed w J States, as hn. 1 times before. Downey Pa J TroubU fQrN Then, I believe u other trouble respect rants as Mr. Dot, poses; not that I ftv worse than any ofa, as an illustration, t that the posienorK state stamp on thetj: week in his posies stamps in a year. , that the warrantii hands of many perm cash at all not a ctst i ly, there would be ac; nave me state tuppj, free, .and it is q& uifiu wouia DC SOMf honorable enough office on that issue. Now, assume fluti conies to the senate; a he is elected over as -opponent in Novonkj scent some added tnt ident Roosevelt and h; friends who havj be; too many things tit them. Of course, ns?-1 lieve that Mr. Boos to date have encoune: quackeries became a at length of humuBL has aroused the nii persons who art tt conditions not of Bus? He has likewise m flabby brained fadiri the younger people ii; lusions. It is madekr congressional leaden, i follow presidential ptt ing to be conirootai bulges for national jr kind that no nation ec The number and ft panaceas ebbs andtr economic tide. Wba good and there ii kr when storekeepers and people are able Ii little or nothing of fttt children of the Ton Downeys and flu t there are "hard tos' are thousands upoel out work and food aaft suffering minds bew to the silver tongue, j Pursuing the thoufSi;, it then becomes posjiS'! ment which demands Thursday for pen one demanding $40ft day or $60 every St, amounts can be puss J and the fervor of der this illusion gro" 5 creater. And alnjt ments provide the for other racketeen promote dissension! tion. Always, too, litical champions fc whatever it may bt is something, Umt lie office that will W: strangest views. j President CaaidJ Some of RP Mr. Roosevelt I phasis several I these things wiHS they should not be F spread, because sir easily miserable? lead oil at s Wt of hysteria, an em! dent, however, w sponsib-lityforiPj) said above, nil ""J j conducive to bT(; kinds. These pawc en again to cu. ministration an the numerous Pi given birth Jf -official PlU i been fed by first from &t f New DeaL , , Truer wordi V than President Pittsburgh, hsiii. ment. n ?'&J year spend , earns, but J- continuation poor house. t pension variation cause there jj,f levied or |