OCR Text |
Show -7 -M-4JCnUAN PORK CITIZEN Natidnal Topics Interpreted by William Bruckart National Proaa Building- Washington. Changes to Presi dent Roosevelt's policies have been coming so fast Change lately that about Come Fast a" 1 am abIe t0 do this week is to re view the situation. I have gathered gath-ered Information and advice from many official sources In an earnest effort to understand what Is happen ing, but with all of that I am quite incapable of what I would regard as a complete analysis. As the air pilot would report while flying through fog: the visibility is zero. The proper basis for a start, therefore, appears to be with recollection recol-lection that one of the cardinal policies poli-cies of the Roosevelt administration was control of agricultural .production .produc-tion to accomplish, .higher . prices, Another basic plank is the foreign trade policies under which reciprocal recipro-cal trade treaties have been negotiated negoti-ated with numerous foreign nations. These two planks were designed to make markets available for what we produce, first, through scarcity of quantity and, secondly, to stabilize stabi-lize the world exchange of goods on price levels which we, in this country, coun-try, considered to be worth while. Various other legislative acts and White House announcements came into the picture also, but we need not be concerned with them Just now. Well, the higher prices began to materialize. They came along to the point where eight or ten months ago there was genuine evidence of a speculative boom. Mr. Roosevelt said recently in a statement to the press that the outlook on this circumstance cir-cumstance was a bit alarming. Suddenly, Sud-denly, however, the depression settled set-tled down on the country. The President Pres-ident took note of it after a time and down in order to encourage buying byThe consumers. That was in January of this year. Early in February, Feb-ruary, he told the press that there had to be higher prices to bring the country out of the depression. Subsequently it was on February 18, I believe, he took another position posi-tion on the price question. He said in a formal statement: "It is clear that in the present situation, a moderate rise In the present price level is desirable and that this rise need not and should not extend to all prices." So that now we are committed to a price rise on some commodities and present or even lower prices on some other commodities. It is to be presumed (because there is nothing to show a contrary view) that all of the machinery of government govern-ment is to be used to bring about price rises In "some commodities" but not all of them. However, to continue our review: I reported to you in December, 1937, and have mentioned several times since that there is a trust busting drive on that is as big and as broad as the famous "big stick" which Theodore Roosevelt used when he was President Twenty-nine cases against so-called monopolies are pending now In federal courts and the federal trade commission has some others in process of prosecution. prosecu-tion. The prosecutions range all the way from ladies' half-size dresses and against Individuals who design styles through the list to Aluminum Company of America. Now, while the trust drive has been on (and some folks have been cruel enough to charge that the trust busting drive is to keep the folks from realizing we are in a depression), de-pression), another thing has happened. hap-pened. I refer to the passage of the new farm aid legislation. I have not been able to understand the law, but Secretary Wallace calls it one of God's blessings to the farmers farm-ers because he says that it will reduce re-duce or limit production and thereby there-by force a greater return to the farmers. In Mr. Roosevelt's statement state-ment on the general price situation, however, he spoke of the new program pro-gram as follows: "Our program seeks a balanced system of "prices such as will promote pro-mote balanced expansion in production. produc-tion. . . . This is not a policy of restriction; it is a policy of abundance." abun-dance." I seem to recall some phrases of a few years back which described the 'aHi,''ariM'6!iWgr8flrt;no-1vtghCT-- prices for agricultural products through "scarcity"; then, there came "the more abundant life" and later balanced abundance. I assume as-sume the "balanced expansion" must represent something taken in between the other policies, but I frankly do not understand. That is the reason why I have attempted this report to you by way of a review. re-view. ' V Although admitting that much of the new program is too deep for me to analyze, there Trad are certain phases Treaties it which have bten operative nd from which result have begun be-gun to show. Take the reciprocal trade treaties as an example. I cam across some figures down at the Department of Commerce the other day and they wert something of a revelation. They showed that ia 1937 this nation of ours was Im Waahlngton, D, C porting more agricultural commodities commodi-ties than it exported. I could not find when that condition had obtained ob-tained before. Certainly, there have been few times in our history when that has happened, The department figures showed that the United States Imported 18 per cent more commodities from the farms of the world than it exported ex-ported from our farms. Further ex amination of those statistics reveals the disturbing fact that the bulk of those imports were things which our American farmers could have grown right at home. I can find no other reason for the condition than that the reciprocal trade trea ties which were to bring us pros perity have taken prosperity to some other farmers The circumstance caused me lo wonder then whether these trade treaties are not slowly grinding the American farmer Into the dust have tried to find out how the new farm aid law, which restricts pro duction further in the United States, is going to help this situation. Ac cepting Secretary Wallace's statement state-ment that it will result in higher prices for our farm products, will it not by the same token make a greater difference between foreign prices and our own? And if that be true, is not it to be expected that there will be more import of farm products from foreign lands? My reasoning brings an answer of "yes" In each case, and so I cannot see where we are going to get "balanced expansion" out of those factors. Now, as Al Smith used to say, let us look at the record as it concern the trust-busting drive and its relation re-lation to prices, employment and the like.. I simply have no patience .at an .wiifl-tfie tug ouainess groups that ignore or forget their responsibilities responsi-bilities to the public. There is no excuse and can be no excuse for crushing any Individual who is trying try-ing to run a business of his own. It is one thing, however, for a business busi-ness to have grown big because it serves its public well and quite an other thing for the same group to have attained. Its bigness through savage tactics. That brings me to the recent conviction con-viction of the oil companies in a trial that was held at Madison. Wis. As far as I have read the record In Trust Busting that case, the basis of the charge by the government was that the oil companies had used a pricing sys tem which was fostered by the in famous NRA, a policy laid down by congress. Secretary Ickes of the Department of the Interior, now one of the loudest mouths in the chorus of bust the trusts, insisted on the oil companies getting together. He wrote letter to them to that effect Of course, the NRA wa held unconstitutional un-constitutional but the decision was based on the question of congressional congres-sional authority to delegate powers to the executive officers. It did not declare that congress had no right to grant privilege of agreement on prices for purposes of stabilization. We might also look at some of the tactics employed by the government govern-ment Robert H. Jackson, who was the spearhead and spokesman for the trust busting drive, lately has been promoted to the Job of solicitor general of the United States. Mr. Jackson told a senate committee considering his nomination that he had picked "the proper forum" for the oil case. He said the Department Depart-ment of Justice would continue to do it They picked a New York court to hear the case against the Aluminum company In order to get the proper kind of a Jury as they did in the oil case. The tactics used in the Aluminum case seem to me to be almost reprehensible. rep-rehensible. For Instance, the government gov-ernment had been anxious to set a date for the trial and the Aluminum company counsel urged early action. ac-tion. The record of that day In court in New York revealed that when Judge Knox proposed a date early in April, Walter Rice, one of Mr. Jackson's assistants, admitted to the court that the government did not yet have enough evidence to prosecute. ""Tfttt-wgini far-altofr-frair-lhe-price question. ' I wonder if It is so far off the subject As I said earlier in this discussion, legal ac- tion against anybody, individual or corporation, is destructive. demoraI-lter izing and expensive. I know noth ing about the merits of the oil case or the aluminum case or any of the others beyond what I have picked up in the records. On the other hand, however, it is plain for anyone any-one to ee no "price structure" can be arranged for "balanced expansion" expan-sion" if the federal government is going to decree one course of action ac-tion for business with one hand and write an obituary for the same business busi-ness with the other hand. That is to say, if the people are unable to know or understand what their government gov-ernment policies are, It 1 quite likely that those same people will continue to ask each other: "Where are wa going and what Is the end going to be?" Wtatarn Ntwapaptr Union. News Review of Current Events DEALS WITH Chamberlain Planning Anglo-Italian Agreement and Four-Power Pact 1 4 Chancellor Hitler delivering the the world, declaring Germany was not General Goering. This I a radiophoto SUMMARIZES THE WORLD'S WEEK C Wiiura Ntwapapar Union. Anglo-Italian Plans SUPPORTED by a large majority in the house of commons, British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain Chamber-lain moved rapidly toward realiza tion of his plan for European appeasement, appease-ment, the basis of which was to be a speedy truce with Italy, to be followed by a four - power pcXudipJrit-,! airr, Frances - Italy and Germany. Chamberlain abandoned aban-doned entirely the British foreign policy pol-icy based on .collective .collec-tive security. He got Neville Chamberlain rid of Foreign Secretary Anthony Eden, putting in his place Lord Hal ifax, outspoken friend of Nazi Ger many, and defied the opposition-or the Labor party in parliament The earl of Perth, British am bassador to Rome, had conversations conversa-tions with Italian Foreign Minister Ciano and was then called to Lon don for further instructions. It was said Perth and Ciano agreed the following fol-lowing points must be discussed and, if possible, made a part of the London-Rome treaty: Britain must recognize the Italian conquest of Ethiopia. An Anglo-Italian Mediterranean pact should be arranged to include Italian naval parity with Britain in the Mediterranean, reduction in Italy's It-aly's troops in Libya, and British assurances that the Suez canal will be safeguarded against closing or air attack. Immediate cessation of anti-Italian propaganda in the British territories terri-tories in the Near East in return for which Italy will guarantee not to include anti-British propaganda in its Bari radio broadcasts. Withdrawal of foreign "volunteers" "volun-teers" from Spain was to be demanded de-manded by Britain, and it was understood un-derstood in London that Chancellor Hitler of Germany had agreed to that, and that Italy would not refuse, re-fuse, although Mussolini especially wishes that Franco be granted belligerent bel-ligerent rights. France in Tight Place CRANCE, it was expected, would ' adopt a course parallel with that of Britain, for, as Foreign Minister Delbos said, she might otherwise find herself isolated in Europe. However How-ever Premier Chautemps served notice no-tice on Chamberlain that the French woi'Jd Join In the proposed four-power four-power pact only if protection were assured for Czechoslovakia and Austria. The French secret defense committee met to organize an arms expansion program involving J855.400.000 and to lay plans for defending de-fending the Czechs against German aggression. The Chamberlain plan leaves out Soviet Russia, an ally of France; and the French also seemed likely to lose another ally, for Poland, it appeared, was about to enter into an Ygnrantrit wttti Qetmtmy against Russia. Field Marshal Goering, Hitler's right-hand man, was in Warsaw, entertained by President Moscicki. Foreign Minis- Beck and Field Marshal Smigly RIdz, head of the Polish army. That soldier and other leading Poles believe be-lieve war between Germany and Russia will break out before long. They don't like the Germans but fear that if Stalin lost the ar Hitler would proceed to grab Poland. . Isolationists Cheered AMERICAN isolationists saw In the new European developments develop-ments the eclipse, of the internationalism interna-tionalism fostered by President Roosevelt and Secretary Hull, and were greatly encouraged in their determination to keep the United States free from foreign entanglement. entangle-ment. At the ame time the proponent pro-ponent of powerful national defense were elated and the administra- DICTATORS . France in Dilemma v' . sensational speech In which he defied afraid ef war. Above him Is seen from Berlin. tion' big navy program received a great boost The house naval at fair committee was about ready to report favorably the billion dollar navy construction-bill, which may include provision for the establish ment of more naval bases, mainly in the Pacific. Hitler Defies the World pOLJTICAL turmoil spread over Europe after Reichsfuehrer Adolf Hitler, in an address to the reicha- Germany one of the most powerful nations na-tions in the world, gave warning that it wa re-arming and did not iear war though it desired peace, and demanded demand-ed the return of I Germany's lost col onies. Furthermore, Hitler upheld the aggressive ag-gressive actions of Italy and Japan, i fi aaWi Adolf Hitler and asserted that Germany would not tolerate ultimate victory of the loyalist faction in Spain over Fran co's rebel, forces. The fuehrer told with gratiflca tion of his success in compelling Chancellor Schuschnlgg to give the Austrian Nazis representation in his cabinet and to permit them to act as a political party. He gave no assurance that the independence of Austria would be preserved. He openly threatened similar- action against Czechoslovakia unless the Germans in that country were granted "political liberty." Hitler's speech might be summar ized as a declaration that Germany will ignore Great Britain, France and other western powers in carrying carry-ing out her international policies, will continue her efforts to destroy the last vestiges of the general set tlements which followed the World war; will insist that the "have not" nations must be restored to a basis of equality with the "have" pow ers, and is prepared to defy any combination of powers which may be formed against her. Halifax Succeeds Eden REFUSING to go along with Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain Cham-berlain in hi plan to "buy" a friendly settlement with Germany and Italy, Capt Anthony An-thony Eden, British foreign secretary who has fought the ambitions of European Euro-pean dictators for two years, resigned from the cabinet With him went Viscount Vis-count Cranborn, the principal foreign undersecretary. un-dersecretary. Viscount Vis-count Halifax was appointed to suc Lord Halifax ceed Eden temporarily. This change was in effect another triumph for Hitler, was especially regretted by France, and threatened to precipitate precipi-tate a serious, crisis for the British "government-":-" . , . Viscount Halifax, lord president of the council and former viceroy of India, is a personal friend of Hitler and an insistent advocate of immediate imme-diate friendship with Germany and Italy, even at the cost of great concessions con-cessions by Britain. He was sent to Berlin not long ago to talk over matters with the Nazi leaders. Crop Insurance Manager ROY M. GREEN of Missouri has been made manager of the $100,000,000 federal crop insurance corporation-, the agency created under un-der the new farm law to insure wheafgrpwer against crop failures. fail-ures. The appointment was made by the board of directors, which also selected Cecil A. Johnson, formerly of Ames, 'Iowa, as its secretary. Green has been chief of the Agriculture Agri-culture department's division of finance fi-nance in the bureau of agricultural economics since 1333. -JtA McNutt Hullabaloo PAUL V, McNUTT, high commissioner commis-sioner to the Philippine, cam home to report to the President, and a soon a he arrived to Washington Wash-ington hi enthusiastic friend staged a big reception for the purpose pur-pose of booming him a Democratic nominee for the Presidency fat 1940. All experienced politician agree that this 1 most premature, and to the capital it wa felt that It wa decidedly distasteful to Mr. Roosevelt Roose-velt who doesn't wlah to be hurried to picking his possible successor. No member of the cabinet except Secretary Roper and no Important man of the administration attended the reception. McNutt said he wa not a candidate candi-date for any office, but Senator Sherman Sher-man Mlnton, Governor Townsend and other leading Democrats of Indiana In-diana insist he should be nominated to 1940, and no one doubts that he would like to be so honored. Chandler in Race GOVERNOR A. B. ("HAPPY") CHANDLER of Kentucky formally for-mally announced his candidacy for the senate seat occupied by Alben W. Barkley, majority leader. He aid ha would try to confine hi? fight to state issues, but would not. hesitate to take issue with the Roosevelt administration if it interfered inter-fered in the primaries in behalf of Barkley. Green Hits Lewis' Plan MOVING to stop John Lewis and his C. L O. from gaining political polit-ical control of Pennsylvania, the American Federation of Labor revoked re-voked the charter of the state federation. fed-eration. President Green announced that action with a declaration that the votes of 400,000 "loyal" federation federa-tion member In Pennsylvania "cannot be delivered" by "self-constituted labor leaders, ambitious for political power." Lewis and his unions are planning to elect Lieut Gov. Thomas Kennedy Ken-nedy to the governorship. He is secretary-treasurer of the miners' union. Coal Pr ices" 1?evb1led PACED with growing litigation, the national bituminous coal commission announced it had taken the advice of producers and labor unlSns and voted unanimously to suspend its schedule of soft coal minimum prices, marketing rules and regulations. The prices had been set aside by the courts in numerous nu-merous cases. ; Franco Regains Teruel FRANCO'S insurgent forces recov-" recov-" ered possession of Teruel, Spain, and continued their progress toward the Mediterranean coast. In the recaptured re-captured city they took more than 16,000 prisoners and buried 9.000 government dead. Rebel warships bombarded the coastal cities of Valencia Va-lencia and Sagunto and were in turn attacked by government bombing planes. Rumania Goes Fascist RUMANIA is now a Fascist cor. porative state of guild patterned pat-terned after Italy. This was settled when King Carol proclaimed the new constitution, which provides for a parliament composed com-posed of guilds of farmers, workers and Intellectuals. Both the chamber of deputies and the senate are reduced in size and election of members is to be by trades and professions, pro-fessions, not by political po-litical parties. The King Carol king will appoint half the senators and will have veto power over all legislation. All Rumanians are declared de-clared equal, with radical distinctions, distinc-tions, and religious freedom i granted with the Orthodox Rumanian Ruma-nian church as the state religion. Trials by Jury are abolished and the death penalty reintroduced for certain crimes-. The constitution was created by Rumania's powerful crown council, a special body established by King Carol to define general policies. Hungary Offers Pay JOHN PELENYI, minister from Hungary, revealed that bis gov ernment has proposed a readjustment readjust-ment of its "war debt" whereby it would repay the United States the full amount of its original loan but without interest Parker-GilberfOre S PARKER GILBERT of New York, who at th hop of ihlrtv. two won fame by his brilliant work as agent general for war reparations, repara-tions, died of heart disease. After completing his Job in Berlin he became be-came a partner in J. P. Morgan & Co., dealing especially with matter of international finance. Army Planes' Great Flight C1X bombing plane of the United States army air corps successfully success-fully completed an epochal mass flight" of 6.000 mile from Miami. Fla., to Buenos Aires. The only intermediate (top was- at "Lima," Peru. From there the bombers roared over the snow-capped Andes and landed at the Argentine capital, capi-tal, where thousands cheered the aviators. The planes carried 48 men besides the flight commander Lieut. CoL RobTt Olds. -jmjmx '"W , ii na Ruth"wVslh Spears c5? 3 AmJ A Colorful WE HAVE, been hearing a good deal about American handcrafts lately. Of course, quilts have always been important impor-tant among our needlework handcrafts. hand-crafts. So many readers have written asking me for more of the old fashioned embroidery stitches that were used in making crazy patchwork that I have collected dozens and dozens of these quaint stitches from old quilts. This gay little double house effect built upon blanket stitches with chain stitches flaunting from all gables was the invention of someone's great-grandmother and I couldn't resist using it for a luncheon set of light blue linen. It originally adorned a light blue 5satiB ,'$ateh qailt.and-.all Jhe. other colors indicated "here in the sketch are the original Colors. All the strands of six-strand mercerized embroidery thread were used for the luncheon set. The mats were hemmed first and then the blanket stitches were taken through the hems to make a firm edge as shown at the lower rigbi All the other, stitches used are clearly illustrated. Just the edge stitches without the little houses were used for the napkins. nap-kins. Many more authentic old Tdvoxita Kecipa off the IVeei PIMIENTO BISQUE THE soup described below is delicious. It has a delectable flavor and the rich color of the pimientoes gives just the desired red touch to the finished product. 1 can cream of celery soup 1 cup milk S pimientoes 1 Up. salt 2 slices of onion ! tap. paprika If canned condensed soup is used, prepare according to directions direc-tions on the label and then add 1 cup of milk. If canned ready-to-serve cream of celery soup is used, pour the contents into a pan and add the cup of milk. Rub the pimientoes through a sieve and add to the soup. Add salt, onion and paprika and heat until the soup is hot. Stir frequently to prevent pre-vent scorching. Remove the onion before serving. Serves 6. The food with red color in the main course might be a ring mold made with canned beets. The red color for the dessert might be supplied by a raspberry gelatin made with a can of red raspberries. MARJORIE H. BLACK. AROUND THE HOUSE Sweet Omelet. A tablespoon of sugar added to the regular omelet batter will produce a sweet omelet ome-let that is especially popular with youngsters. Fluffy Meringue. If you like fluffy meringue for your pies, add a'4easpoon--of -bakiDgpowder Jo the well-beaten whites of two eggs before adding the sugar. Cleaning flair Brushes. To remove re-move grease and dirt from hair brushes and combs, wash them in a quart of water to which a teaspoon tea-spoon of ammonia is added; rinse and dry in the sun. Jumpers Keep Their Shape. When drying woolen jumpers run a curtain stick through both sleeves and then hang up. A coat hanger will make "pokes" on the shoulders and spoil the shape. Preserving- the Broom. Soaking Soak-ing a broom In boiled salt-water every two weeks will -help preserve pre-serve it. Washing Parsley. Parsley washed with hot water keeps its flavor better and is easier to chop. Si SB I iei 7. 3d in ry ai JJ6H11BLVE FABRIC art re a RED JC- 4 it 4 4 Sti Luncheon Set Lire, patchwork stitches aH in m rtw laaflot u kUV ; " - " " '"i-U . ty upon request with the bod , Z fered below. Have you a copy f1'8d Spears' new book SKW&: e contains fortv-eipht nn oAt a D - i o. . by-step directions for maki t covers and dressing table tains for every type of jc lampshades, rugs and otVt ful articles for the home.it will be sent postpaid, u?c ceipt of 25 cents (coiaj ferred). Address Mrs. Spu t South I?esplaines St., Chicaf e ids hi 1 :jer i i ' 1st tye Jnt M m We'd Be Fit for Life If we had three choices t .... j..;, U- .net ,IJ ets n vrei rent common sense. That woe . able us to endure the depr. , 'Hied.' of anything else It is easy to see the silver of a cloud when you are if11 other side of it. nt Imitation maw h flatttr it generally accents yoi 3un ficiencies. , i at A European says Amt' .- have produced no soultni music. Pooh! "Home, i. bu Home" and "Swanee Rivtutieca No Longer Our Defense Our ancestors kept the au( from being henpecked bj- " ing long and terrifying beit ! r. Let a man pick his oot r ties. Thev are the exnres f fP" his real rjersonahtv. "J Everybody knows what tice is, although everybai not admit it. Our forefathers sat befo f fireplace until they were i red on one side and were ' f cold on the other and Mt thought to put in two fire Whic opposite to one another. 4iy If a man polishes his tor's every day he still believes no 1 is a reason for living. uct : j in w Mom NERVOUS! ST tltt lYop ("ellii tad trei -I 8a 3rd (c Irs. ifoiet Do too M m Mrvoti Ton want k ! Am jrou mm tod irriUbUi? D F tboM dwnst to jrouT . If tout nenraa an on edf, try I" PIN KH AM '8 VEGETABLE COW It oftM Upt Kktnra aim quiwn For thro gMamUona oim woau another how to go "uniling thn Lrdia E. Pinkham't VeceUble Co" fa el pa Natura too up tlw aynttm, tfc Ina tha diaromforta from thr lu Or dm which womra rauat endura, Uaka note NOW to fet a bottfc famoua Pinkham't Compound to' OUT FAIL from your dmitirwt-a miUiom womea bar wriucu ia porting benefit. J Why not Irr LYDIA E. PD0 VEGETABLE COMPOUND! t. 'Iter !"ari Dun Our Friends Friends are not so easflr as kept. Lord Halifax. GUIDE BOO! GOOD VALt Mall a aMo baa t. fa5 I . ma aaaka a kaWl mt rcadlnC; I tail, ya aaa alaa aawr s aatel aaa yaaraalf UaM. "tZ - lias .' durl a, DSTK jT aiej what a Jlr I good bowel haK u -maketToW wastes soft aw yT log, many ?5g5J recommend joya rSBSSSJCe.!.-! d KM 1 tat aaadT twk, mmA flf Mil wImm ymm wast a-,rl aaa atay, mmd wha It " a m . a a tUI F |