OCR Text |
Show sjfmm Commandos Of 'The IN U-b- . - Indians Prove To Be Reluctant Harmonizers AmericaAtWar 00th Ship Down With exasperating steadiness the grim news coritinued to come lft of the sinking of allied ships on the chopping seas off 'the Atlantic coast.' During the week, as the fourth month of the war ended, the number of sinkings in hemisphere waters passed 100. The rate has reached ' 1 ight-density sive, Dr. M. H Bigelow, Toledo plastic expert, opined. He said that new resin glues development-of made it possible to roll plywood planes off assembly lines 10 times faster than aluminum planes. Further, he said, the plywood plane more efficiency than develops 30 the metal model. - --Industrial - aleohol made from grain is the key to winning the war, Dr. William J. H.le, Michigan chemical consultant, told a Senate committee. He contended that industrial alcohol Could be converted into a thousand industries, including smokeless powder, synthetic rubber, plastics, powt. fuel; that the government is planning to produce less than a third the amount needed to win the war. India has 242,000,000 Hindus (50,000,000 Voted: $100,000,000 b the Senate, to help finance small industries engaged ins' war production. Excluded: Argentina, from the special economic, military and naval aid the U. S. is granting Latin American countries, until she takes her place in the hemisphere front against the Axis. Hired : Charles A. L i n d b e r g h, celebrated pre-w- ar isolationist, as a Jiew bomber-pla- nt supervisor at Willow Run, Mich., by Hen- - 7 nv-Fo- rcfis ' I 2: March News Quiz 1. Pase in Louisville Courier-JournaPot & Kettle War ls . charges that I. G. had welched on he said: its That . Charged: prostitutes roving Theend of the agreemen. rs only thing I. G. was withholdin appear to be operatwas the del of .heir government-sing in Ohio under the direction of a ing program of produccentral booking agency which dis- ponsored Gerpatches them to defense areas on ing Buna rubber from coal m paydays, by State Health Director many. Information on its production of Buna from oil was provided, Markwith. . Died: James A. Mills, veteran AP he added. Farish said that contrary to Ar'foreign correspondent. Among the admirers expressing grief over his nolds charges, Standard, in 1939, death were Mohandas E. Gandhi, was making full disclosures to the Generalissimo . and Mme. Chiang Army and Navy about synthetic Kai-she- k, and exiled King Zog of rubber. Under sharp questioning he acknowlfrom Congressmen Albania. had failed to Standard that edged William. Langqr, RepubliSeated; can, as Senator from North Dakota, give air information" to a Navy'Tep-resentatibut contended that the vote of the Senate. He by a was elected to the office in 1940. The company did furnish everything Senate had allowed him to take his the government could make practuse of. - seat without prejudice while it anj, ical Meanwhile Wash.. tons sizzling vestigated.charges of moral turpiweek tude brought against him. The argument over the Election Committee had favored his and curbs on war profits was susrejection, but the Senate voted oth- - pended while Congressman went home Lor Easter, ve 52-to-- 30 40-ho- ur ly swift, cision on a delicate issue. India is not even a nation. It is a of 390,000,000 contentious humans speaking some nt 220 languages. Eighty-sev- en per cent are illiterate. Their continent is broken up into a baffling patchwork of political divisions. Yet the Indians were asked during the week to give a prompt yes or no answer to the most fateful proposition ever placed before them. They had agitated for two decades for freedom. With Japan hammering at the gafe of India, Britain was offering it to them. The liberal Sir Stafford Cripps was bearing the offer. It was not an outright offer. And that was what made their choice so hard. Britain was offering them postwar dominion status. Cripps promised that as soon as fighting stopped an elected body would be set up in India with the task of writing a new Constitution for India. Any province of British India not prepared to ac- -- will-glicke&C Even without this last bit of de- cept the constitution could write a fiance, both Adolf Hitler and Mar- new constitution, giving it dominion : shal Petain were anxious to get status also, he said, The Bull" out of the Riom china 'Too Important To Improvise shop. The trial was suspended for In the meanwhile Britain would two weeks and considerable doubt to mobilize its vast re- - . expect was expressed that it would ever .be sources India and to beat off manpower resumed. the enemy. -- Indiar"defenseWOuld - remain in British hands for the du- England's Changing-Fac- e .ration. Sir Stafford explained why Britons have watched Tiopefully constitution-writing should or fearfully according to their pa- - until after the war by saying wait' that litical inclination for evidence that is too important to improvise in a the impact of war is wiping out class hurried way. lines in England. Peers have frater- nizedWIth workers" air raid skel- plan to individual leaders of the ters, new jobs have been opened up factions. Each faction then to sons of workers, laborites have went into its sepentered key cabinet posts. arate huddle. The Labor-itIf a story printed by the sixf aciion a . London Herald is true then the" whose answers greatest symbol of hereditary priviwere expected to lege left on the isles Is due to go on the most carry the operating table. The paper said were weight a committee under Sir John Ander.these: -Lord President the of son, Council, 1 The - was drafting a plan to wipe out the dia Congress hereditary basis for the House of Party, the major Lords, Parliaments' upper house, of organization and substitute a basis of achieve-- "' the Hindus, who ment. dominate India. The House would become a sort Maulana Abdul of brain trust composed of leaders a Moslem, Azad, of churches, labor and industry, is its titular head education, science, literature and but it is dominated by two world- cooperative movements as well as renown figures of Hindu ancestry. political parties. Parliament circles One of them is Mohandas K. professed to be flabbergasted by the Gandhi, who would apply his report. tactics even to the JapaA feudal remnant, the House of nese. The other is the strikingly Lords has consisted of 740 dukes, handsome, profoundly intelligent marquesses, barons and other peers. Jawaharlal Nehru. Of the 390,000,-00- 0 Most got their jobs by their title or Indians, his decision more than by royal appointment. Since 1909, any others appeared crucial. when it lost all say over money bills. Moslem League, headed by . the House has been little more than 7 Mohammed Ali Jinnah (see an aristocratic parade ground. " Headliner). The League speaks Hidden enemies In Burma for millions of Moslems. It has de- P8rtitioned woes of the British Adding tothe anc Moslem states. forces fighting in Burma to protect 'n the approach to India were the hidThu .Hindu Mahasabha, the den enemies, the Free Burmans, third largest party consisting of who were siding with the Japanese. militant Hindus who believe the Britons said they included radical Moslem minority shbuld be dealt elements that had rioted for free- with firmly. dom against the British in 1938, opThe princes of the native states. portunists anxious to share in the In the past theyve worked booty if Japan wins, and the fierce Dacoits in north Burma who have closely with the British in order to. never beenfully brought under stay-i- power. British rule. C . The Untouchables, members After Japanese and Buimese of the lowest Hindu caste. troops had slipped behind theJ3ritish are politically organized- - underThey Dr. to Shwedaung, the British forces Ghimrao Ambedkar. had to beat a hurried retreat. MeanSikhs, members of a warrior while Chinese were trying to hold race of 4,300,000. Long ago the Japanese to the Toungaoaraa.. they seceded from the main body of Hinduism and were taught the worship of one God. They live mainly in the Punjab region, contribute heavily in bearded men to Britains armed forces, and have been wary of any plan that would place them under Moslem rule. Last Sunday Sir Stafford was increasingly cheerful about the prospects of acceptance. Nehru and other Congress leaders were said to be favorable. Jinnah seemed to be pleased because the plan gave individual provinces the right to remain out-' them Untouchables), 77,000,000 Moslems, 560 native princes. biggest individual obstacle to a unified India has been stubborn Mohammed Ali Jinnah, 65, g tall, As President of the Moslem League he leads many, but not all, Indian Moslems. He was educated in England, like the Hindus Jawaharlal Nehru. Jinnah wants independence from Britain, yes, but not at the cost of domination by the Hindu majority. HE -- tion? -- these -- Important Southwest Pacific cities were still outside Japanese control as March ended: Rangoon, Malacca, Mandalay, Palembang, Darwin? What ever became of Japans Lieut -- Gen. Masahura Hom-ma- ? 2. --Which two-- of 3. gray-haire- All-Ind- - 4. Adolf Hitler promised that Germany would smash Russia once and for all this Spring. True or false? What British empire statesman displayed annoyance when Winston Churchill named Australias Richard Casey to the British War Cabinet? d, monocle-wearin- ia the same squeeze play' on England has been working in reverse. Britons realized that if they let Jinnahs Indian Moslems down, it might react violently among Arabs in Palestine, Turkey, Iraq, Iran, and other Arab countries. the Moslems provide the . Also, bulk of Indias present army overseas. These factors were working on Jinnahs side when he got from England the provision in the promise of dominion status which would enable the Moslems to sqt Up their own dominion in India. Opinions II Duce: The Axis powers are arrayed against an evil coalition of demo - plutocratic - bolshevik powers. Marine Sergeant Michael on furlough from Iceland: The climate and the girls are exactly alike m Iceland. Will Hays, motion picture czar: The screen can and will use all its skill- - to build morale through-the inspiration of patriotic emo- Answers: (1) He became one of the Armys Big Four when his Army air forces were given equality with the combined ground arms; (2) Mandalay and Darwin; (3) Hommais said to have commitfed hara kiri when his forces failed to oust General MacArthur's forces from Bataan (4) False. He didnt promise vi(5)Austra- ctory until Summer; Curtin. has Prime Minister tions. United Nations Frederick Prosch, physical education director at Temple: Victory suits should improve mens health. Without a vest to disguise figures, men will become about their moie rubber tires and will begin exercising. Toyko broadcast to the U. S.f Japan would be a charming partner to any nation which would understand Japans ideals correctly. Senator Murray: The small businessmen is the forgotten man of this critical hour. Jinnah: His Views Prevailed For years he has been breaking up all efforts of the Congress party to unify India. What he has been holding out for is a separate or autonomous Moslem state, Pakistan, even though it would be impossible to run a continuous line around the area occupied mainly by Moslems. When the British cabinet was preparing the latest plan for India, he cabled Prime Minister Churchill" that Moslem India would revolt if the plan was detrimental to Moslem aspirations for a Pakistan. He knows well how anxious Britain is to stay on friendly terms with the Moslem world. Back in 1939 when the Arabs (Moslems) in Palestine were making demands on Britain m their feud with the Jews in the Holy Land, Jinnah warned ominously from IndiaThat failure to meet Arab demands would have a most 'disastrous consequence throughout the Moslem world. ' In the current Indian negotiations Shift To Washington America has tried not to aggravate the current strained relations between Britain andher far away dominion of Australia. Thus the p where BritU. S. agreed to a ain would speak for her dominiohs at the allied war council meetings Britain got the in Washington. views of her dominions at the Paset-u- cific War Council in London. Neither Australia nor New ZeaBoth wanted land liked the set-u- p. a chance for direct contact with the U. S., which is playing a big part in - -- -- defending thqir lands. President Roosevelt hedged on the issue a week ago and said he thought Australia and New Zealand were satisfied. But he added that he was willing to set up a board with a fancy name if it would make any- Teacher Vs.' Mother nign-stru- armed forces.-Tha- t ng objection. Meanwhile the supply lane to the Red Armies through the Arctic Ocean was becoming a major battlegrounds as .GennanJiayaL- - forces tried to attack allied convoys above Norway and Finland en route to Murmansk. A AU - Rights Reserved, Wide World Features) Jbe" 3. n . ? Moslem-dominat- ed y Lew AyresrC.O. Several years, ago actor Lew Ayres made screen history as a German soldier in All Quiet on. the Western Front. He Is stilL against war in real life and, as a conscientious objector,. was sent to Camp Wyeth, Oregon, where he will swing an axe 40 hours a week ana will pay $35 a month to do it. war-hati- . From Optimism To Gloom , But by Tuesday gloom prevailed. Even Sir Stafford was ready to ad--his repeated' interviews were becoming slightly exhausting. The Moslem League seemed to be cool--ito the plan,- were hesitating and asking for further clarification. The Mahasabha was leery of the concessions to Moslems. Most important- the Congress had passed deadlines for reaching a decision. Nehru was said to be working closely with Cripps. But Gandhi was dourly communing with himself. The London Daily Mail heard that five of the Congress Working Committee were siding with Nehru; but that he was having trouble with seven others. Principal objections in Congress seemed to be to provisions (1) delaying dominion status, (2) leaving Britain in charge of Indias defense during the war and (3) allowing the Moslems to form a sega-ra- le dominion. ' f" T On Wednesday both the Sikhs and the Mahasabha Hindus came Out definitely against Cripps plan. Cripps was reported asking London for permission to compromise its plan in order' to save his mission from failing. He extended his stay and appeared somewhat less pessimistic- - of all forbids Army non-resista- nce ng C-i- n-" ef -- the-princ- es- short-circu- commander-in-chi- All-In- -1 mit C-ln-- or as es side. In their worst nightmares, school teachers see a host of aggrieved parents closing In on them. Pretty ConstanceDavis,33rfifth grade teacher at Longlois school in Indiana, saw parents closing her, and she wasnt dreaming. Pacific was" mapped. The mother and tamer or T Danny Leslie had stormed-intOrder the classroom after Danny had What with the outbreak of war told them she had rapped him over in the Orient and the accompanying the head with a book. (She says she drain on Americas arms output, de- just turned his head around because livery of arms to Russia has lagged he was talking.) behind what was promised, As Later a jury heard charges that Americans argued which battle Mrs. Leslie had flogged Miss Davis front, east or west, is the most cru- with a Boy Scout belt while Mr. cial at this stage. President Roose- Leslie stood guard at the door. Mrs. it Leslie pled temporary insanity, said: velt apparently moved to I just went haywire. The jury recthe debate when he flatly ordered first priority for Russian or- ommended the parents be fined $200 ders. He signed the directive each and be jailed a month. " C, ny Carr Nazis Hang On To Springboards? -- autb-traile- e JV Lieut Gen H. H. Arnold received what significant promo- Netherlands. Authorities predicted that the British Empire body in to London " Would " gradually-ceas- e -- function. At the councils first meeting in broad strategy for the immediate defense of the South--we- si ist. 4 of Headliner: A Moslem Mogul body happy. The Anzacs promptly let him know it would make them happy, so on Monday it was announced that a new Pacific War Council had been created in Washington. It included the U. S., Britain, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, China and the . . . single-handed- is difficult enough for a grown JTnation to reach a firm de- he ng done. pre-w- ar Hard Choice PatientJy4-Crippaexplained....t- 5. U-b- Edouard Daladier took Adolf Hitlers guff at Munich. Critics then thought his nickname The Bull was a misnomer. But at the Riom war guilt" trial, Frances premier has been back in his old form. Almost he broke up the trial in which he was a defendant, along with' former Premier Blum, former Generalissimo Gamelin and two others. Daladier, the accused, became the accuser, He (and Blum) challenged the legality of the trial. He charged that Marshal Petain himself was responsible for lack of fortifications and preparations for war. And he helped bringjout the fact that Petain sought to throw a Red scare" into French before the war Army officers long f began. Later, he praised Gen. Charles de Gaulle, Free French leader who is under sentence of death by Vichy if he is ever caught And on Tuesday Daladier, irked by charges that Frances tank force was Inferior to Germanys, shouted: Never mind about who got licked (in the war with Germany). It will not always be the same oiies who - Dept. Americas vast forest reserves of spruce- - and- - other woods can provide the planes needed for the nations grand offen- at ed Bull' et the Navy.r And on Wednesday the Navy disclosed that thg number of subs sunk or presumed sunk in the Atlantic had risen to 21 forlhe war hard-hitti- Short TVitMrife North Carolinas Qo v e r n o r Broughton complained of a shockbetween ing lack of cooperation the Army and Navy and that the was wholly inadewar on quate" and frequently inept. Survivors of a torpedoed U. S. freighter said that the sub commander sinking their boat disclosed to them that he knew the home port, cargo and destination of their vessel. As the Senate Navri Affairs Committee began scrutinizing Americas campaign, the administration acted. The command of off Army planes hunting Americas coasts was turned1 over to The sensational consent decree providing for free public licensing during the war for Standard Oils patents on synthetic rubber and gasoline did not end Standards tribulations. The Senates Defense Investigating Committee called Assistant Attorney General Arnold as a witness. He reHungerford in Pittsburgh lated a long lis. of Standards jieal- Taking A Whack At It ings with Axis piwers. His main charge was that StanPenhoet basin. Britons say that under a cartel agreement, dard, Commandos then leaped ashore and blocked synthetic rubber production dynamited" a bridge", the dock gates in the U. S. by turnn 0 over imand key buildings. to processes manufacturing proved torpedo-boMeanwhile a I. G. Farben, German chemical fired two delayed action tortrust, and withholding' them from pedoes at the entrance to the American firms and officials. Furbasin. ther he said that I G. had withheld For many of the Commandos it its own secrets on German synthetic was a suicide mission. Among the rubber from Standard. men left behind were the naval and But all this, Arnold said, was military commanders of the expe- water over the dam. After asking dition. Congress to require that all agreeAs survivors were en route back ments between American and forto England they heard tremendous eign business firms be registered explosions which indicated that the with the government, he offered to delayed-actio- n fuses in the destroylet bygones be bygones if we can er and the torpedoes had exploded. clean this thing up. Britons said the dock gate to the Standards President, W. S. Farish, big basin had been smashed and then took the stand. Standards that the submarine basin would be agreements with I. G., he said, had out of commission for a year. aided development of synBerlins first account said the raid greatly thetic rubber in the U. S. rather was a flop, that the destroyer was than hindering it. Concerning sunk before it reached the main lock. But by Tuesday Berlin was saying that while the destroyer had rammed the dock slight damage was In ' one a day. Standard's Pacts And Patents high-spe- Indias Abroad Raid A Lair THE somber days of 1918 a by Britains Admiral Sir Roger Keyes thrilled and bucked up the allied world. He sent a large fleet across the' English Channel during an April fog against the Belgian base of Zeebrugge. Germans were using it bases. as one of their main A British submarine loaded with explosives slipped under a viaduct and was blown up there. Two old cruisers loaded with concrete swept in to the entrance of the Zeebrugge Canal. There they were sunk. As a result, the base was disabled for many months. In the present war a base that has bothered Britain even more than Zeebrugge did is St. Nazaire in France. There are two huge basins there. Germans have been using one The other and larger for Penhoet basin was the cradl of the huge Normandie and is large enough to accommodate German battleships when they can't reach home port. Nazis Had Sub Garage The basnhas worried Britons because (1) ft is below the bulge of France and thus is awkward for them to watch,' (2) it faces the open Atlantic, (3) German engineers had huilt a. huge., underground sub- -. marine garage which rendered British bombings from the air ineffective. TheBritishfelrithaato bljSippled if their severe shipping losses m the Atlantic were to- be cut." The job went to Britains famed Commandos. They rigged up an old destroyer acquired from the U. S. with five tons of explosives in the - rei n forced - bo w.Ad elay ed act i onfuse was attached. Before dawn last Saturday the destroyer charged through boom defenses of ,the St. Nazaire harbor, defied blistering fire from shore batteries to ram herway halfway through the lock of the 5 Saturday, 'April 4 , 1942 THE DESERET NEWS Salt Lake City, Utah German army was recently ordered to hold jicmain on the Russian front at all costs while Nazi transpor- tation experts carried out the difficult movement of new supplies and troops for a Spring offensive, AP newsmen in Bern heard. :T he six points, several of which were imperiled at midweek, are shown above. The offensive was said to be timed for the third week in April, London militarists predicted that Hitler would aim his heaviest blows on the southern front in an attempt to le break through the line petween Orel and Taganrog and seize the Caucasus- .- THE 1 ng -- . 400-mi- oil-ri- ch -- |