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Show THE BEE 12 FINDING TI1K HAXGE. HOW 8IG COAST DEFENSE GUNS ARE ACCURATELY AIMED. Mnjr Mathematical Problem an il the Grrt lUpiillty Willi Which Tl Invi-lv-t- l They ,Mut He holvrti Moving Target. la Lorallnc the iYjrtrr for the Buxton Herald gives thin InlcrcMlng account of a talk with one A to tho jiositlon of tho range tower, ivc must now correct our data to refer to tho gun'ii jiohltlon. Then wo are ready to mako corrections for drift duo to rilling, effect of wind, condition of atmosphere and abnormal powder and projectile. Tho gun Is laid with tho resulting data by moans of degrees and minutes marked on tho traverse circle of tho gun platform ami elevation arc on the side of tin carriage, and wo aro ready to fine. It Is nmssary to allow tlmo called timo of flight' for tho projectile to reach tho target at tho end of the 80 seconds, so the guns must lx fired that long uhead of time. When you consider that all of this work must lxs done In 80 minds, you o that one has to count his time by fractious of seconds to work liko an automaton. No longer timo can bo allowed fur computations, etc., as uncertainties Increase as alxmt tho fifth power of tho time. Tho aiming of tho gun is all science; now and needs experts. Tho firing and loading are tho only work which the untrained mind can find work at, and even in theso things, you understand, there is need of cixdncss and exxThnee, fur theso big fellows nro delicate machines, uftor all, and aro worked by levers, Imvo electrical appliances and are in other ways too precious to trust to untrained hands. Tills may not sound so dreadful hero in tho calm of a jxiaceful afternoon. Hut imagine hxjking up sines and cosines, plotting accurate curves from mathematical data under a hail of projectile, with shells and iMimhs bursting around you! Fancy lucidly sighting your telescopo in tho range tower, which a well directed shot may cut away from Ixmoath you, and your hand must not tremble, your mind must not 1x5 distracted! Tho civilian seemed rather impressed. Ilo could only venture timidly that It did seem as if there were great odds against of tho regular army officers at Fort Hamilton, in Buxton harbor: In tho days of tho civil war ranges were very short that tho gunner hail no difficulty in m'inghis target and laying hla gun directly ujton it. Wind and petti of target cyt no figure lxcauso tho project llo hal nucli a hurt distance to puss over that neither had enough time to act to inako any appreclablo dltTereneo. llut now when firing at a target eight miles away all of these things tnako themsehes felt. Tliero is tho rilling in tho lxro, which gives tho project ilo the rotation noccssary to keep it from tumbling and which will in our service carry t lie project ilo to tho right. Then the direction and force of tho wind, the dim-tioand of tho liar and speed target, temperature ontetrio pressure of t he air, winch affivt tho reslstaneo of tho air to passage of t projectile, tho kind of jxiwderand weight of projectile. All these things lmo to le taken Into account, and they each vary under all sorts of conditions, so that t liy can only Ixt figured out for each particular shot at the tlmo tho gun is lired. Most of this information must lie worked out from data obtained from firing tests and must be thoroughly assimilated by tho expert artillerist. Then by ships. taking observations at tho timoof firing tho So there arc. Hut they have advandata are obtained from which results can too. In tho Jnpancsc-Chincswar tages bo computed. of tho tho ahead clever, Japs, being got Tho most important part of tho operaof Chinese their jxxsition by predictions tion is of course to locate tho target. The invention which has enabled us to do this running ahead full spml and then suddenly slacking up, so that the Chinese gunis something wholly American a development of our regular army. This invention ners began to grasp that ruse. Then they is tho range finder. It looks a simple af- changed their tactics and would advance fair a tall modern tower, with a sub- slowly at first, then suddenly crowd on all stantial foundation, built on a command- steam and speed away, leaving the gunfar behind. ing height and connected with tho guns, nersOh! Then you can get around the perhaps half a milo distant, by telephone. scientific absolute accuracy? At tho top is a large telescope, adjusted on Tho artillery officer laughed. Yes, but a polished steel circular table. A dial on were tho must remember .Japs dealing tho telescope framo is cogged with the you We know how to over- With Chinese. the of tho circular tablo and at edgo gives any instant tho direct reading in azimuth. come that. IIow? Oh, but thats tellingl Another dial is so arranged that elevation or depression of tho telescope gives its Unappreciative. indicator a corresponding movement. This know that an ordinary piano I)o you is like tho ordinary transit fitted to read contains about a mile of wire? vertical angles, but in this case instead No. I should rather believe that an of reading angles of depression distances ordinary piano contains about a wagon aro indicated in yards to tho point whero load of tinware. Chicago News. tho lino of sight pierces tho water. An adjustment corrects for height of tide. Then She Did. It is only necessary, then, to point our Mrs. Lakeside Garcong, garcong, don telescopo at the water lino of tho ship don dun donnez moi oh, why don read and directly azimuth and distance. These aro rapidly transmitted by telephone dont you waiters understand English? Waiter (politely) Why doesnt madam to tho guns and plotted on a piece of drawit? Harpers Bazar. speak ing paper. Threo of theso observations, 20 seconds apart, aro plotted, and the gun The Sausage. has to bo fired 80 seconds after tho last observation is taken or at tho end of two Tho sausage dates back to the year 897. minutes total time. We have tho location It has been asserted that the Greeks in tho of tho target at three different times. It days of Homer manufactured sausages, is now necessary to compute where it will but this prehistoric mixture had nothing bo at tho end of tho 80 seconds. in common with our modern product. A vessel running 12 knots an hour Tho ancient so called sausage was comwill pass over 1,200 feet in ono minute or posed of tho same materials which enter 1,000 feet in 80 seconds, so that if wo fired into tho make up of the boudin of the at tho point whero she was at tho last ob- French market and the blood pudding of servation wo might miss her 1,600 feet or the French Canadian. Tho ancient sausome fraction of that, depending on her sage was enveloped in tho stomachs of direction of sailing with reference to us. goats. It was nut until the tenth century If wo fired point blank i. e., aiming right that sausage made of hashed pork became at her, wo would miss as much as sho known, it was in or near the year 1500 would pass over in tho timo of flight of that, thanks to the introduction into Gertho projoctilo. This for a 10,000 yard many of cinnamon and saffron, the sausages of Frankfort and of S trass burg acrange might bo 20 seconds. Wo have now tho position of the target quired a universal reputation. Brooklyn Riurlo at a riven future instant, but it is -- n ! "! I j SUMMER UNDERWEAR, HOSE, HANDKERCHIEFS, GLOVES, SUSPENDERS, NECKWEAR, NIGHT ROBES, PAJAMAS, NOVELTIES IN ALL THE ABOVE LINES. BROWN, PEACE TERRY & WOODRUFF REIGNS-s- COMPANY. a. 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The causes of this disease have been so imperfectly understood that any effort at prevention was worse than useless. A French scientist claims to have discovered cancer germs in wood and that artisans who work in wood are much more WEST TEMPLE. subject to tins disease, an tilings considered, than those who handle most other materials. Having once started on this line of research, he found cancer germs in wood and vegetation of various kinds. Elm and willow trees showed a greater proportion of these germs than other woods. In high altitudes or where trees are not common very few cancer germs were found. From all of which it appears that we may lie at last on the highroad to some reliable and conclusive knowledge upon a subject which has baffled the skill of medjeal scientists for many years. New York Ledger. Subscribe for The Bee. -- |