| Show f The Unity of the Hind II LET us now discuss the growth and action of the mind along another line that of Feeling Feeling like knowing has its origin in sensation and accompanies accompanies accompanies every action of the mind It differs from knowing however in several particulars In knowledge we add something to the experience of the self from what exists outside of the self sef but feeling is the internal aspect of all mental phenomena without reference reference reference refer refer- ence to the external It is the interest which the self feels in all its states of consciousness While s sensations as already shown set in motion the various processes of knowledge resulting in perception memory etc it arouses a similar a ac activity activity ac- ac c along the line of feeling at t the same time Here it may act in two ways Pleasure or pain may result from II the sensation according to to its ts form duration and intensity or its kind quality and content Between these limits all feelings oscillate Thus a sensation coming too suddenly upon us continuing too long or made too strong causes a feeling of pain or discomfort discomfort discomfort dis dis- comfort while the opposite extremes produce a similar result While we can enjoy neither the glare of the sun nor northe northe northe the gl gloom om of the dungeon the beautiful daylight is pleasant to all The most vague yet fundamental feelings feelings feelings feel feel- ings perhaps are those which are termed organic or sensuous the sensations of the organism The feeling of health of being alive of languor fatigue etc so pervade the who whole e organism that they are aptly termed organic feelings They are among the most permanent ot of the feelings and any interference with them produces the most disastrous results to mental manifestations Taste and smell arouse much greater activity along the line of offe feeling ling than of kno knowing ing though their effects upon the cognitive powers are much are much more marked ked than that of the organic feelings just referred to Touch has such a st strong ong emotional side that we say we are re feeling feeling feeling feel feel- ing an object when our hands come in contact with it Hearing though appealing ap appealing pealing mostly to the intellect through those symbols of thought which we call words has likewise an emotional side Con Contrast the sound of filing a saw with the melodious strains of the flute flut and note the effects upon the feelings The feelings aroused by hearing language are not the direct results of this sense sense but rather of the intellects intellect's interpretation tion of the sounds The feelings of oI sight are perhaps the least sensuous of any of the organic feelings It is true that light of itself tends to pleasure and darkness to gloom and we say bright flowers delight the eye yet the chief use of the organs of vision is to minister to the intellectual to to to br bring ng into the mind external objects and their relations Though the feelings of sight seem a a. a most fitting link with which to connect the sensuous and the intellectual feelings feeling's according to the plan of our diagram before discussing the latter it may b bewell be bewell well to notice briefly two divisions of sensuous feelings often made by psychologists viz Formal and Qualitative This will aid in showing the unity of mind action As considered thus far sensuous feelings feelings feelings feel feel- ings are caused like perception by the immediate presence of the external stimulus or that which acts upon th the mind through the senses It can lik likewise likewise like like- wise be shown th that t there are fee feelings rigs as well as stages of knowledge that ar are are beyond the immediate influence e of ex external ext exL stimuli and in such tb the knowing as well as the willing are introduced introduced and arid and take an active part When sensuous feelings are occa occasioned c 1 and d entering the mind at af afe connected with past or anticipated lex ex x p so that emotions differing from these original feelings are aroused through the law of association already ady stated then the two kinds of feeling mentioned above e are developed Formal feeling refers to the mode of connection without reference to what is connected while qualitative refers to content content con con- tent or subject matter Thus the sudden announcement of a joyful event or or of a great disaster would produce feelings alike in form since in each case that while enters the mind is not in harmony with what is already there and an adjustment becomes necessary but as to quality or content the two differ widely Concerning the many different phases of formal and qualitative feelings the thea a abnormal norm l and conflicting feelings I can cansay cansay cansay say but little in an article of this length but I I will call cali a attention to the part that memory and reason play in giving quality or meaning to the feelings just described and how impossible it is for one part of the mind to act without assistance from every other part For Forthe Forthe Forthe the sensation to arouse any feeling at atall atall atall all beyond its own recognition by the self memory must bring forth past experiences or imagination future anticipations anticipations anticipations anti anti- with which to connect it which latter act reason performs and then emotions result Intellectual feelings are such as we experience experience experience ex ex- i in acquiring knowledge or comprehending comprehending comprehending com com- meaning Psychologically we gain knowl knowledge dge only by experience and experience is feeling as well as knowledge In this light all acts of knowledge are feelings for they are states of consciousness which the self cannot share with others while knowledge knowledge knowledge knowl knowl- edge considered apart from feeling is isu u universal and any mind may grasp it Thus the inseparable union of knowing knowing knowing know know- ing and feeling is clearly apparent Of the many aspects of intellectual feelings only a few can be treated here Sur Surprise rise is is' is that feeling which accompanies accompanies accompanies nies the breaking up of old associations which through repetition have become an established order in the mind Fresh and vigorous minds are are more susceptible to feelings of surprise than dull duH and slug sluggish ish ones Curiosity is that impulse which prompts to the investigation tion of objects for personal ends but when it is as it were more fully organized and becomes an unselfish outgoing interest in an object for the sake of the object it is called wonder Wonder then is the mainspring which takes a man beyond his subjective subjective subjective tive states and places him in active rel relation tion to the outer world and has has- been regarded as the originator as well as the of science and philos philos- ophy Another phase of feeling referred to in my former paper when discussing in intuition intuition intuition in- in tuition that of intuitive feeling or presentiment ment might very properly be ue treated in connection with the intellectual feelings since it seems to be the pow power r of the mind which directs all intellectual activity activity activity ac ac- towards an end The intellect does not see the end of its own operations operations operations opera opera- or it would not be e engaged in trying to discover it The end of the knowing activities exists in the mind by way of feeling We do not know what if it itis is but dimly feel what it is and accordingly select selector or reject the materials pres presented en ted to the mind which we feel will conduce to or hinder its realization A genius is a a person whose intuitive feelings are so sowell so sowell well developed that they become unerring unerring unerring ing monitors in directing him to the truth and the selection of the best means I of reaching it This power of the mind seems to be closely allied to inspiration i tion and many people possess it to a remarkable degree having almost unerring unerring unerring ing premonitions of important events The aesthetic feeling will next be considered This is is' the feeling which a accompanies o panie th the apprehension of the igea ideal value of mental stat states s or Its chief characteristics are har harmony mony har-mony ony unity unit and economy an and w when en tl these se are so bl blended in any given set of relations as to satisfy our ideal we have fh the aesthetic feeling There seems to be aesthetic tic mingled with the intellectual feelings inseparably ably and the chief difference between n them seems to lie in the fact that we compare these intellectual feelings with witha a certain ideal standard existing in in the mind and the result of that comparison is a feeling of beauty or ugliness accordingly accordingly ac ac accordingly cordingly as they harmonize with that standard or or not and this feeling we call the aesthetic t fil r r i i- i J l' l lJ 1 v i |
