Show ea A IL W ara S au ida P vane kw Z J bokr wi baltrop all pictures from Auf an amer an Cour courteny temy by ELMO SCOTT WATSON 1113 average school history story lil gives her only a brief bi cef paragraph and tile chances cliance a are that not one american 1 in ten could tell you who ho she ghe was or when she shelved lived orah or what t was her importance in history wherefore it Is lill all the more remarkable 7 that eliat within lt liln recent weeks there have hare appeared no less than three new b books all dealing wath th the life of anne ann e L hinson who and what at she eha ans ani Is su suggested gestel lly by tile titles of two of them unafraid a life 0 of fanne anne hutchinson written by ginnif r ed king rugg tind published by the houghton company and an american jezebel the life of anne alch which war written by helen augur and by bren tanos where slie she lived and the pride c of f a new york county in tile the fact that she bhe once dwelt there even though massachusetts claimed agrest a greater part of her career Is indicated by the fact that the westchester county historical society in issuing volume VII of its publications chose otto Huf Iluf elands account of untie anne sons refuge in the wilderness as the leading article tor for that colu yolu volume me to which it gave the title of anne anna laut hutchinson chinson and other papers who was anne hutchinson let winnifred king rugg hugg in the introduction to her book unafraid answer that question in these words anne anna hutchinson has been called by many names all the he way from tile the new r england jezebel to a prototype of joan of are arc run the epithets whole heart edly applied by enemies or friends in between lie ile such labels ns as that proud dame that Atha Hah a notorious imposter Tm poster a ous cue instrument of tait th devell raised up by a breeder a persuasive advocate of the right of individual judgment a she ehe gamaliel a dear saint servant and of god clod that last Is her hush husband and speaking poor man he suffered more on her account than tiny any one elsel else 1 As for anne pla place ce in history this same biographer also turns sums it up well in these words what anne hutchinson stood for Is another reason for examining her history she was one of the few feminists of her day she founded what was in essence the tha first wo lomanis womans manis club in amer america len the meetings held in her house though primarily for rell religious glou instruction st were the forerunners of 0 hundreds of thousands of meetings since alace her day wherever women e convene to improve themselves or the rest of the world the hutchinson house which stood at what Is IH now the northerly corner of washington and school streets boston was the birthplace of bf the clubs cluba of america anne ebar character acter becomes more understandable when orie one considers tier her parentage gp slie she was wag the daughter ot of francis marbury arbury ll a minister of northampton angland Nn fuel gland and who had braved the wrath of hla his bishop for or the salie sake of his belief in the refo reformation mation of our church in III discipline DIsel pline and ceremonies had been branded an proud puritan knave by that dignitary and had twice been put in jail iter her mother was a dryden a relative of the poets poet dryden who in his bis later years though became apostate from the puritan beliefs of his family considering the turbulence of her last few years the first 40 43 years of anne life were strangely quiet ones iler her childhood wax was spent in alford and london in a heavy religious atmosphere that never lifted in iii 1012 at the age of twenty one shed she was waa married to william a good daod hearted mercer who from the tha X J 0 hil 9 cc atom aine 1 f S sta 1 ate tue bc stor beginning was dominated by his strong minded wife during dm ins tile the first 22 years of their married life she bore him 14 children and during those years sears the energy which later was as to be spent mainly in religious contro versy ersy was fully occupied with household cares end the upbringing of her family nut but during that time she ehe traveled repeatedly to the neighboring town of old oil boston to hear bear atey join john contort preach in st cotton became a sort of in an ideal of liers and when he was wai forced to leave england because of ills his nonconformist views and emigrate to america anne decided to follow what william thought of this uprooting of ills his home and family it not recorded but lie he had probably long since learned not to oppose his cifes decisions so in 1034 1634 to the new boston in massachusetts bay colony a raw little town of less ies 3 than a thousand inhabitants living in rude one room log cabins and fragile frame houses on the edge of the wilderness pame came the within a few months anne became tile the social lender arid and lady bountiful of the settlement she was a constant companion of john cotton who basked in tier admiration for him she became a close friend of the governor sir vane the younger find and she became a recognized leader in the religious discus discussions which occupied so much of the colons col onys attention in fact it was these discussions which brought about her downfall the heart of the puritan religion was 31 belief that gods word was la in the scriptures the cardinal sin bin against such a religion was the belief that cods clods could le be transmitted bitted directly to hum human an beings so when there arose in the colony a faction called anti nom inns people not living by the letter of the he law of led god and believing that god revealed rev hl his 8 laws directly to them when hen this faction grew under the leadership of anne alien meetings were held in her home to discuss and criticize the sermons of the puritan ministers and when they asserted that most of the boston ministers were under a covenant of works and were trying to be saved by religious religions observances ser vances it was only a matter of time until anne should find herself in trouble the climax came in 1637 winthrop and the other puritan leaders had fled flea from england to escape religious intolerance but ns as so ho often happens those who suffer from intolerance are the first to beco become in a intolerant so they put anne on trial for heresy a trial that has been compared to that of joan of arc at rouen under the cross questioning and testimony brought against her she proved herself more than a match for her prosecutors but just at the mor moment rient whet when it seemed that she had defeated her accusers she burst forth into a long speech describing gods revelations to her so she convicted herself she was banished from the colony and went to rhode island to make her home left a widow in 1042 she set forth with her children again in search of a new home first she settled on long island and then in what isow isnow westchester county N T Y here her turbulent career came to a tragic end she bhe arrived in ID the dutch colony at a time when the indians indian infuriated by dutch deception and greed were engaged in periodic attacks on tile whites it was in one of those ut at tacks that anne hutchinson with all it or of tier children but one and several of her neighbors sixteen persons in all were killed helen augur in tier her biography of anne tells a dramatic story ol of tile the events ot of that dreadful day in r Bs I 1 inson stood in her doorway looking at the fields of corn tawny in the morning sunshine she afis was thinking of what one of her neighbors had said the day before when the corn Is ripe and harvested the indians will break their truce As she stood there a group of Moh Mob egans padded softly up they exchanged friendly greetings and then the indians walked through gli the house and grounds as it if looking to see it if there were any strange men about but everything was quite as usual william collins and francis were at work in the field and tile the children were at little tasks about the field and garden the indians nodded farewell and went away in the afternoon they came back only this time there here were more of them and there were strange faces among them anne Bu butchar son wondered why they had put on BO 90 much demonic paint perhaps they were off on some strange indian ceremony for they seemed excited the dogs began to bark at the strange apparition and the Mol legans asked to have baa e them tied up tip for foe they were afraid they would bite tho the dogs were tied up uncas men whipped out their tomahawks anno anne saw four demons rush at her sons bread of adversity water of affliction she bad lived out that promise but god never warned her of this horror william colllns collins and francis were struck down don their skulls crushed and bl bleeding oeding anne colllns collins fell beside hr her husband mrs hutchinson caught susanna to her breast to shut out the sight from the screaming child katherine Kather lne watt was half over a fence hut but a Mol mohegan legan caught her by the hair and dragged tier her back to a stump anne hutchinson heard the sickening blow she eho saw mary and little william rush sobbing bobbing to her as 09 it if she could save them then two indians were upon tier her and the child was torn from lier ber breast A tomahawk tell fell anne hutchinson was dead and for a final epitaph of hirt american jezebel helen augut writes boston hns has finally made up its quarrel with the woman it cast out oat as un savoury salt 11 iler her monument stands before the massachusetts chu stat statehouse chouse with a fervent inscription to this courage conrage ous exponent of civil liberty and toleration there bin stands with a bible in her hand and a child snuggled glod against her new glands En rn heroine for civi liberty and religious toleration the principles for which she suf stir exile and death into the tha constitution ot of the unite staten |