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Show r- THE HELPER TIMES. IIELPER. UTAH News Review of Current Events the World Over strong argument that the Hlnden-bur- g decree Is unconstitutional and ineffective When Fascism gets a hearing In court there would seem to be a fine chance for the safe broadcasting of propaganda. (Seiaeirsill PeiPsMimg's. 'T'HE Nicholas Longworth's Death Ends Long and Honorable Political Career Senator Bingham's Taxation Idea Cabinet Changes Unlikely. By EDWARD W. PICKARD N ICnOLAS Longwo r t h. of the speaker r X house of representatives, veteran Ohio congressman, and of Theodore It o o s - V' died of pneumonia at Aiken, S. j., wnere ne was 8Pendin8 8 spring fI a . xfcA4 vacation. Aiding the three physicians Nicholas Longworth and of nurses sought un- to halt the malady was availlngly the speaker's wife, Alice Roosevelt Longworth. Born to wealth and position on November 5, 1809, in Cincinnati, Ohio, his home ever since, Mr. Longworth, after attending Franklin school there, was graduated In 1891 from Harvard. He spent one year In Harvard law school, then transferred to the Cincinnati law school, graduating from that Institution In 1S94. Although admitted to the bar, he did not practice to any extent. Instead, he became Interested in civic affairs and soon was immersed in politics In the city over which stuff who "Boss" Cox then held sway. De spite his persistent Inclination to remain "regular" in political controversies, he declined to take dictation from the Cox organization and never was closely Identified with it r A terra as speaker culminated the service of Nicholas Longworth In the house of represix-yea- sentatives during thirteen con-- - greases. But three speakers in the history of the house occupied longer the chair to which Mr. Longworth was elevated by bis Republican colleagues after twenty years' apprenticeship as a "boy" representative from Ohio, distinguished service on the powerful ways and means com- mittee and one term as majority floor leader. He was the Republican candidate for speaker of the next house, In which that party now holds a majority of only one. A N IMMIGRATION case which may develop Into national Importance with wide consequences a treaty with the United States, another plunged directly into a political campaign, a third was attacked with eggs In Montreal when he signed what was known as the rebellion losses bill Thirty years ago a governor general blocked a list of appointments being rushed through by a defeated government By degrees, however, governors general came to take a less active part in politics. Only once In recent years has a governor general acted against the advice of the premier When VV. L M. King was defeated In the house of commons a year after a general election, Lord Byng declined to dissolve parliament and called on Arthur Meighon to form a government. When Melghen was defeated within a week an election had to follow. The constitutional Issue the right at of a governor general to decline hisMr. Fall atIs now in seclusion ranch Three River, N. M., the advice of the premier to dissolve parliament was one of the the same ranch on which he spent $100,000 cash received In a satchel main features of the campaign and from Edward L. Doheny; wealthy the return of Mr. King to otlice oil man, almost ten years ago. Mr. made it certain that never again Fall collapsed during his last trial would a governor general reject a and is reported in feeble health. premier's advice. ar one-yea- disaster every PRACTICALLY of the heroic It is mold of Its participants. heartening to reflect that the test usually Is met. In no Instance of tragedy In recent years has there been a better display of courage, presence of mind and Intelligent action than In the Colorado school bus catastrophe, which meant tyfi death of five children from exposure to the severe cold. All of the fifteen children who survived this terrible ordeal must have been possessed of unusual endurance; but the behavior of one alone, of thirteen-year-olUntiedt, Bryan was most heroic and admirable. It Is worthy of all the attention it has attracted. Including the invitation received by Bryan from President Hoover to visit the White House and the citation of his record to the Carnegie hero fund. But greater than any recognition that may come of the event Is the reminder the example affords to humanity everywhere that. In spite of all Its weakness and seeming helplessness at times, there Is within it an element of the heroic. d OFFICIAL has arisen through the application of Miss Ella Young, Irish author and authority on ancient Celtic mythology, for admission to the United States with the intention of becoming an American citizen. Miss Young, who in recent years has lectured at Vassar, Smith and Mills colleges, made application for a visa In November, lO.'iO, at Victoria, B. C, where she Is now living, but It was refused or held In abeyance on the ground that she had not demonstrated satisfactorily to the American consulate that she might not become a public charge, based upon the view that Miss Young, being sixty-siyears of age, without independent means and a writer, might not always be x Notwithstanding appeals from prominent educators, financiers and lawyers the State department refused to take cognizance of the case. It simply stated, what It has said without exception since the Immigration act of 1924 was amended In 19L7, that the American consul who passes upon applications for visas is the court of erst and last resort in such matters. Miss Young was a resident of this country from October 15, 1925, until November 18, 1930. She arrived upon a visitor's permit which was repeatedly extended, upon suitable bond being posted, but left the country at Seattle on November 18, 1930, although her permit had been extended to July 1, 1931, and went to Victoria. The State department under- stands she departed after learning that her permit would not be extended again. Her friends assert that she went awny after unofllclal advisers had satisfied her that she could make application for admission to the British quota and would be admitted permanently to the country without undue delay. She desired to do the latter, It is contended, so ns to become an American citizen. It was her Intention to make her permanent home in California and wrife a bmk on Irish mythology. In addition, friends were arranging for a chair In Irish mythology to be established for her at some California university. S tin" C U .. l J V Bcssborough, 1 f. Canada's new governor general, comes to the Do minion heralded as the wealthiest man , . ever to hold the of- fice. He is also the t nrst governor gen- v erm io ue ciiohvu by the Canadian government. Under the new Dominion Earl of status he was aby the Bessborough ppointed king on the advice The of his Canadian ministers. appointment was announced from Ottawa, not from London. Early governors general of Canada were actual as well as official heads of government. They took a direct part in the administration public affairs. One negotiated ct conviction of Albert B. Fall, secretary of the Interior In the a Harding administration, on charge of accepting a bribe in the oil lease scandals, has been upheld by the Court of Appeals of the District of Columbia. At tne same time the court sustained the conviction of Harry M. Blaekmer, oil operator, for contempt of court In refusing to leave a exile in France to testify In the oil trial. Unless the United States Supreme court permits Mr. Fall to take an appeal to its bar, the mandate of the District court will be handed down within 15 days and the former cabinet officer will be taken into custody to serve a one-yesentence and pay a fine of $100,000. Mr. Blackmer's sentence is a fine of $00,000. Told of details of the court's acr imtion In upholding the prisonment and $100,000 fine assessed against him for bribery In connection with the California naval oil leases, the former secretary of the Interior said his final decision In the matter of another appeal would not be made until he had received a copy of the court's opinion from his Jawyers. de-A- r thur M. Hyde, secretary of agriculture, would resign, and that President Hoover would shortly reorganize his cabinet, seemingly sets at rest recent widespread reports of dissension In the President's ofilclal famSec. Arthur ily, since the denial M. Hyde nlso extended to Dr. Ray Lyman Wilbur, secretary of the Interior; William D. Mitchell, attorney general, and Andrew Mellon, secretary of the treasury. For the last year there have been rumors that Hyde was desirous of getting out of the cabinet, ns the du'ies of secretary of agriculture have placed a severe strain on his health. There also have been reports he would become chairman of the Republican national committee, and that he planned to run for senator In Missouri next year. To his friends he bas denied both reports. Wilbur's leave of absence ns president of Leland Stanford university expires this year, it Is understood, but undoubtedly It will be extended. Mitchell has been reported to be considering a New York law partnership, and also has been mentioned as a possible appointee when the next Supreme court vacancy occurs. Since Hoover entered the White House, Secretary Mellon has been reported to be preparing to resign and Henry M. Robinson of Los Angeles selected as his successor. Mellon Is the only holdover of the Coolldgo cabinet. "pIIOSE who ted ex-pe- c that Adolf Hitler would arise in offended V might and defy the recent dictatorial decree of President Paul von Hinden-burJ It were not fully acquainted with Hitler. The Fascists are enraged both at being sup- Silk. pressed and at beAdolf Hitler ing classed with the hated Communists as national nuisances that must be abated. There are many fiery young men among the Fascists; Indeed, one Is almost led to believe that the majority of them are fiery young men. A word of encouragement from their lender would doubtless be sufflclent to send them on the warpath In defiance of the Presidential decree. But Hitler gives no word of encouragement. Instead, he Issues a strict and emphatic command for all Fascists to be good and to obey Hindonhurg to the letter. He has announced fiom the start that his followers will keep strictly within the law, but that they will do all In their power to destroy or change the laws. And so now Hitler declares that he is preparing to go before the Oerman courts with a C i 'rf! ENATOR BIXG- ham's remedy for "governmental is more taxation. He extravagance" would revive nui- sance taxes and slap on other levies so thick that the who people now demanding are al- ways greater government expenditures, which they Senator fondly tldnk some one else is paying Bingham for, would realize that some of the money is coming out of their own pockets. Then, Senator Bingham thinks, they would call a halt and taxes could be reduced. The senator admits he realizes his proposal will be "extremely unpopular." but he thinks that at the bottom of federal, state and mu- nicipal extravagance in this country is the feeling of a large element in the electorate that when it votes it votes away some one else s money. As long as that feeling exists, there is no incentive, Senator Bingham believes, on the part of those who entertain It to curb their demand for services. Leaders of congress look with little favor on Mr. Bingham's proHe Is the first, in discusposal. sions of the approaching $700,000,-00deficit, to suggest tax demands he made on smaller incomes. Some legislators said they would favor increasing the levies on bigger incomes, while leaders of both parties and in both houses have insisted greater taxes will not be necessary President noover believes an increase will not be necessary if congress restricts appropriations. Republican Leader Tiisnn of the house thinks an increase is not now needed and should not become mandatory. Members of both major parties have promised to to keep down expenditures at the next session, thus eliminating a need for more money through increased taxation. 0 D EAR ADMI- ral Thos. C. Hart has been superintendent of the AV Naval academy succeeding Admiral Rear S. S. retired. Roblson, Admiral Robison has had a career of 43 years in the His official navy. J retirement starts June 1. but In the Rear Admiral meanwhile he has Tho. C. Hart planned to take a vacation at his recently purchased home on the South river near Annapolis. The regiment of midshipmen gave the retiring superintendent a round of cheers In front of his home. Regret at his passing was expressed by Maurice Hihschnmnn, regimental commander, and a delegation representing the Annapolis city administration and various civic organizations presented a resolution praising him for coming to the relief of the city during the severe drought of last summer. n RIME LA NO MINISTER of New South Wales, In Australia, Is extremely and he could scarcely have chosen a more pointed way to Indicate his antipathy than by scoring the solid English virtue about paying one's bills. There was general consternation In London when recently he repudiated the payment due to be made in that city at once of Inlprest charges amounting to London's consternation h;is leen changed to something like exultation by the announcement of Prime Minister Scullln of the Comh monwealth government, that his government would take over the New South Wales' obligation and bring suit against the state to re- cover. Mr. Lang is seemingly taking a leaf from the book of some southern American states which, many years ago, were guilty of a num- ber of repudiation, ((EX lilt, Western Newspaper t'nlon.) eomnnnlcatton with the American embassy and through its agency with the authorities of any country to which the forces of the United States may be sent "3. You are Invested with Loo 11 Bg General (Copyright, 1931, la 11 couatrlea hj the North A mart can Newspaper Alliance. World rights reeerved, including the Scandinavia. Reproduction in srhoia or in part prohibited.) CHAPTER II Continued Moreover, the regular establishment would have suffered from the loss of an undue proportion of the best officers, who Inevitably would have been selected for Important position In these special units at a time when their services were urgently Deeded in building more largely. Another Important reason for disapproving Colonel Roosevelt's application was that In such a war It was necessary that officers, especially those in high command, should be thoroughly trained and Furthermore, Colonel disciplined. Roosevelt was not In the best of health and could not have withstood the hard work and exposure of training camps and trenches. The secretary of war, much to the disappointment of Colonel Roosevelt, wisely made an adverse decision in his case, which was confirmed by the President. It was evident that both Mr. Wilson and Secretary Baker were looking for trained leaders and were deter mined to avoid the embarrassment President Lincoln experienced in the Civil war, when he was more or less driven to fill many high positions with political appointees who. In the end. had to be replaced by men trained in the military profession. Roosevelt's Plea for Sons. The following letter from Colonel Roosevelt, dated May 17, 1917, will show his own fine attitude: "My Dear General Pershing: "I very heartily congratulate you, and especially the people of the United States, upon your selection to lead the expeditionary force to the front. When I was endeavoring to persuade the secretary of war to permit me to raise a division or two of volunteers, 1 stated that If you, or some men like you, were to command the expeditionary force I could raise the divisions without trouble. 'I write you now to request that my two sons, Theodore Roosevelt, Jr., aged twenty-seveand Archibald B. Rooseboth velt aged twenty-threof Harvard, he allowed to enlist as privates with you, to go over with the first troops. The former is a major and the latter a captain In the officers' reserve corps. They are at Plnttsburg for their third summer. "My own belief Is that competent men of their standing and rank ran gain very little from a third summer at Platts-burand that they should be utilized ns officers, even if only as second lieutenants. But they are keenly desirous to see service; and if they serve under you at the front, and are not killed, they will be far better able to instruct the draft army next fall or next winter, or whenever they are sent home, than they will be after spending the summer at Platts-bur. g "The President has John WISH Secrtoe an- nounced that only regular officers are to go with you, and If this Is to be the Invariable rule then I apply on behalf of my two sons that they may serve under you as enlisted men. to go to the front with the first troops sent over. "Trustilig to hear that this request Iihs been granted, 1 am, with great respect, "Very sincerely yours, "THEODORE ROOSEVELT." "P. S. If I were physically fit. Instead of old and heavy and stiff, I should myself ask to go under you In any capacity down to and including a sergeant ; but at my age. and 1 condition, suppose that I could not do work you would consider worth while In the fighting line (my only line) In a lower grade than brigade commander. " CHAPTER III Our deplorable situation as to munitions was fully discussed at a conference called by Secretary of War Baker May 10. It was brought out that wg had for Issue, not in the hands of troops, fewer than 285.000 Springfield rifles, caliber .30; only a few more than 400 and 150 light field guns, three-inch- , heavy field guns. As It was impossible because of manufacturing difficulties for our factories to turn out enough Springfield rifles within a reasonable time, the secretary decided to adopt the Enfield rifle for our infantry. It was then being manufactured for the British In large quantities at private factories In our country, and a slight modification of ttie chamber only was necessary to make It fit our ammunition. The total production of this rifle exceeded 2.000.000 during the war. As to machine guns, It was re ported to the conference that we had a few less than 1.5(H). and these were of four types. Con gross In 1916" had appropriated $12,(KHi.tm for machine guns, but the War department had not decld ed definitely to adopt any particular one for our Hrmy. although nn order had been placed late In I9tfi for a quantity of the heavy Short on Ammunition. Of artillery ammunition, except for the rhree-lnrh- . we did not have enough to provide mure than nine hours' supply, even for the limited numher of gnns on hand, firing at tho rate ordinarily used in laying down barrage for an in- fantry attack. The situation at that time as to aviation whs such that every American ought to feel deeply chagrined to hear It mentioned. Of 65 officers and about 1.000 men In the air service section of the signal 'corps there were 35 officers who could fly. With the exception of five or six officers, none of them could have met the requirements of modern battle conditions and none had any technical experience with aircraft guns, bombs or bombing devices. We had some fifty-fivtraining planes In various conditions of all usefulness, entirely without war equipment Of these planes it Is amusing now to recall that the national advisory committee for aeronautics, which had been conducting an alleged scientific study e i. Pershing commission in one of the engineer regiments then being organized under the direction of Samuel Felton, from volunteers with experience In railroading, and wanted me to help him get the appointment. I asked him whether he knew anything about engineering, and he said that when a youth he had carried a chain a month or so for a surveyor in Ohio. I was not much Impressed with bis pretensions as an engineer or as a prospective military possibil ity, but I did have knowledge of his business ability and experience, and knew that he would be valu able In some position requiring his qualifications, so I spoke to the secretary of war in his behalf. Requests from National Guard officers and from governors for the early acceptance of their state units literally poured into the War ihe clamor became department so and so Insistent general that the secretary of war hap conceived the idea of pily a composite forming division to include troops from every state in the Union. I thought the suggestion a good one and gave it my hearty indorsement. This was the (Rainorigin of the bow) division, which was later to distinguish Itself in several en- 8 II Forty-secon- d gagements. CHAPTER IV My first and my only meeting with President Wilson until after the armistice occurred May 24, 1917, when I called on him with Secretary of War Baker. After some conversation with Mr. Baker on shipping, Mr. Wilson turned to me. "General, we are giving you some difficult tasks these days," said the President. "Perhaps so," I replied, "but that Is what we are trained to expect, Mr. President." The President then mentioned my experience In Mexico and inquired about my acquaintance with France. I had expected hlra to Col. Theodore Roosevelt say something about the part our should play in the war, but of the problem of flight, advised army were obsolete and he said nothing. that fifty-onPromised Full Support four others obsolescent. Upon leaving, I said : "Mr. PresWe could not have put a single 1 appreciate the honor you squadron in the field, although It ident, conferred have upon me by the asevenwas estimated that we should have you signment given me, and I tually need at least 300 squadrons, the responsibilities It eneach to be composed on the aver- realize but you can count upon the age of some 24 officers, 180 men tails, Is In ma" and 18 planes, besides a large re- best that To this the President replied : serve of planes for replacements. "General, you were chosen enMore Camps Needed. upon your record, and I have Among other subjects consid- tirely confidence that you will sucered with the secretary was the every ceed ; you shall have my full supassembly for training - of the National Ouard and the men to come port." The President then asked me to in under the draft to the king of Great Britain In lieu of any previous plans, convey to the President of France the secretary contemplated the and his greetings and best wishes. His construction of cantonments in dif- manner was ferent parts of the country, and and his air ofcordial with his poise determination. 7 of the May commanJing generals In the several departments were di- meHiswasassurance ofbutconfidence In the diffigratifying, rected to select sites. reThe actual construction of can- cult situations that arose later of aiding the tonments was not begun until near gardinghethewasmanner inclined to yield to allies, ly three months after we were In of the the Importunities persistent so the war, and great was the task In Washingof erecting buildings and putting allied representatives ton. in water works and sewers that In the actual conduct of operasome ninety days more elapsed by I was given entire freedom, the time these centers of instruc- tions In tills respect was to enjoy tion were ready to receive troops. and an experience unique In the history Rivalry for Our Troops. of American wars. About this time the allies brought Letter Making Him Chief. up the question of utilizing our May 27. 1917. the day before 1 men to build up their armies. As was to sail from New York, Secre- we shall 6ee. the subject arose from time to time In one form or another, and we had to fight against It until the end of the war. Both the French and British missions, under M. Rene Vivian! and Arthur G. Balfour, respective ly, then In our country, were very keen to have us consent to fill up the ranks of their armies with . e Americans. I was decidedly against our becoming a recruiting agency for either the French or Rritish, and at that time this was the attitude of the War department also. While fully realising the difficulties, it was definitely understood between the secretary of war and me that we should proceed to organize our own units from top to bottom and build a distinctive army of our own as rapidly as possible. The evident rivalry between the British and French for control and use of our forces, even before we had an army In the field, confirmed my Impression that those two gov ernments were not working entire As to their armies. ly In harmony. It had been apparent for some time thiit there was a lack of cooperation between them. Their efforts were often separate and dis tinctthat Is. first one and then the other would attack. Although It was not generally known that I was to go abroad, there was a Hood of applications to accompany tne One of them was a personal appeal for service In any rapacity by my old friend. Robert Bacon, who hud been ambassador to France, lie bad already given viihnihle aid to the al lied ciiuse. and because of his Intimate knowledge of the French people and his fail Htid discretion I wa clad to rwvp him A few days before my depnrttire, while flt lunch at the Metropolitan club with Charles R, Mngoon, of Cuba, ('bnrles 0. Dawes Joined i.d. The three of us had been friends H tie flays when we were together at Lincoln. Neb., Magoon and Pa we as young the latter whh a decided tnl ent for business, and I as military liiw-.ver- Instructor at the state university. Dawes was an applicant for a ,1 ' 4ft ir-- Charles i 4 I G. Dawes in War Time. tary Baker sent me a letter of In structions concerning my command, authorities and duties In Europe, which Is quoted In full : "The President directs me to communicate to you the following: "1. The President designates you to commaud all the land forces of the United States operating In continental Europe and In the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Including any part of the marine corps which may be detached for service there with the From your command nrmy are excepted the military at tardea and others of the army who may be on duty directly with our several embassies. "2. You will proceed with your staff to Europe. Upon In arrival Great Britain, France or any other of the countries at war with the Imperial Cermtin government, you will at once place yourself In the authority and duties devolved by the law, regulations, orders and customs of the United States upon the commander of an army in the field in time of war and with the authority and duties in like manner devolved upon department commanders In peace and war, including the special authorities and duties assigned to the commander of the Phil- lppine department in so far as the same are applicable to the circumstances of particular your command. U. S. Forces "Separate." "4. You will establish, after consultation with the French war office, all necessary bases, lines of communication, depots, etcx and make all the inciden- tal arrangements essential to active participation at the ' . . front "5. In military operations against the imperial German government you are directed to with forces of the other countries employed against that enemy; but in so must idea the doing underlying be kept in view that the forces of the United States are a sep- arate and distinct component of the combined forces, tht identity of which must Je preserved. This fundamental rule is suhject to such minor exceptions In particular circumstances as your Judgment may The decision as to approve. when your command, or any of Its parts, is ready for action is confided to you, and you will exercise full discretion In de- i Jfe : termining the manner of cooperation. But, until the forces of the United States are, in your judgment, sufficiently strong to warrant operations as an independent command, it Is understood that you will cooperate as a component of whatever nrmy you may be assigned to hy the French government "6. You will keep the department fully advised of all that concerns your command ami will communicate your recommendations freely and dlroctlj And In to the department general you are vested with ail necessary authority to carry on the war vigorously In harmony with the spirit of these Instructions and toward a victorious conclusion. (Signed) NEWTON D. BAKER." Party Sails in Secrecy. On the date f my sailing. May 28, 1917, my party assembled at Governors island. New York. All had been Instructed to proceed with the utmost secrecy, even wearing civilian clothes until they were aboard the steamship Baltic. Although we ourselves stole silently out through the fog and down the bay, the large number of quartermasters and other officers stationed near New York dashing around In uniform rather ostenta tiously that day really amounted to an announcement something out of the ordinary was happening. But If must be said to the credit of the press representatives that they were roost discreet, as the papers generally published nothing about us until we were in Europe. During the voyage most of my time was spent In conference with the heads of staff departments regarding their duties and plans. In the Danger Zone. June 6 the Baltic began to zigzag and we realized we were to the danger zone. Next morning an escort of two American destroyers gave us something of a thrill and fully restored confidence. No submarines were observed, however, and the weather was perfect throughout the voyage. We steamed Into Liverpool June 8. A cordial reception awaited us, with a guard of honor from the Royal Welsh fusiliers. This selection had a sentimental significance In that the regiment not only fought against us at Bunker Hill A but fought beside us during the Boxer rebellion In China. As we stepped off the gangplank the band Ban- played "The ner" to welcome us. this hplnif th first time In history that an Amer" lean army ever was received officially In England. A royal roach attached to a special train took our party to Ixn-doAt Euston station we were welcomed hy Lord Derby, secretary of state for war; Field Marshal Sir John French, (Jen. Lord Brooke. Walter Hines Page, the American ambassador. Admiral William 8 Sims, and many other British and American officials. King George Not Optimistic. I was received hy King George at Buckingham palace June 9. His majesty wns In the uniform of a field marshal and he talked with me in democratic fashion for a few minutes before the other senior members of my staff were presented. The king expressed bis pleasure that America had come Into the war, and dwelt upon the fact that Anglo-Saxopeople were united at last in a common cause. "The Anglo-Saxorace must save civilization," he added. his Certainly majesty did not ap pear optimistic over the outlook, and asked me numerous questions about America's preparation for war. Leaving the palace, we went to our embassy and during an informal talk Mr. Page remarked how nappy ne wns mat America was at last In the war, and added: "Now I am able to hold up my head and look people squarely In Mia ura " n (TO BE CONTINUED ) Rattles Right Along When a baby Is four months old paps buys him a rattler. When he gets eighteen he goes to a secondhand motor place and gets one of bis own. Florida Times Union. j r -- |