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Show VAKIL AN1) MATTERS OF INTEREST AGRICULTURISTS. Soma at Hint About TO t'ultlva-tlo- u of tho (full uud Tltlilt Tliercnf uud Horticulture, YllU-ultur- e t'lurl-cultur- o. X a bulletin on weeds by Professor Tourney, JubI issued by the Arizona experiment station, Tucson, the statefollowing ments are made respecting weeds: Weeds are either foreigners or 1. e., they been t ought in during here either of the agricultural development the country, or are indigenous plants callable of adapting theni-srlvto civilized conditions, capable of migrating from the mesas and valleys to the cultivated fields and there reproducing themselves. Among our weeds of foreign origin are a number of the most injurious with which we have to contend. They are usually more cosmopolitan in character than our native species, are capable of withstanding greater variations in climate and will grow upon nearly all kinds of soil. After being once Introduced they usually spread with great rapidity and In a few years are more abundant than many of the native species. As illustrations of such weeds may be mentioned Johnson grass, bull mallow and As yet we have far more purslane. species of native weeds than we have of those of foreign origin, but as the territory becomes older in respect to agriculture, many of the native species will practically disappear and their places be taken by foreign ones, which are constantly being brought In through the importation of Impure seed and otherwise. Among the most injurious of our native weeds are nut grass, spiny aster, western dock, pig' uut, sunflower, cockle bur, horse nettle and beggarweed, while there are a half score of others nearly If not quite as injurious in special localities. . na-t've- s, es Weeds not only impoverish the soil, but they shade and occupy the ground to the detriment of other plants. We are all familiar with the serious effect of spring weeds on the growth of nearly all kinds of crops produced in market gardening. How, if care is not exercised, they choke the slender onions, just from the seed, and cause the young beets and parsnips to become pale and worthless. Weeds are hardy plants and in their struggle for existence, unless checked, force to the wall the more tender plants which it is mans province to grow and cultivate. Many weeds aid in the dissemination of fungous diseases. Root-ro- t, one of the most injurious plant diseases of Arizona, is largely spread by the scattering of spores, which correspond Infested to seeds in higher plants. weeds aid the spores in making their way from tree to tree or from one cultivated plant to another. Sqme weeds are injurious to stock. Our common squirrel tail grass, abundant in soils impregnated with alkali, frequently causes serious Injury to Bheep and other stock. If the heads of thlB grass are eaten when dry, the hard, sharp awns not infrequently penetrate the mucous membrane of the mouth and cause dangerous ulcers. A number of plants indigenous to Arizona, mostly belonging to the genuB Astragalus, are known as loco weeds from the peculiar effect that they have, when eaten, upon nearly all kinds of stock. At various times much discussion has arisen as to the poisonous principle found In these weeds. Many experiments have been made and extended investigations carried on, but the results have been conflicting. Decoctions, made from them, have been fed to animals, and men have chewed the weeda without any apparent effect; again, atock have been fed on the plants and evidently died from the result. Locoed cattle are not uncommon in Arizona and it ia the universal opinion among cattlemen that these weeds are the cause of the disease. I o Unclean seed has more to do with the distribution of weeds tban all other I f llrra. two things well. That may he, bul BOYS AND GIRLS. do "Shying in Horses was the subject FOIL it depends altogether on what the twl of an interesting discussion at a recent things are. lie could not handle twe meeting uf English veterinarians. It ROME GOOD STORIES FOR OUR learned professions probably, but h is usual to rouncct shying with some certainly might take up a simple busiJUNIOR READERS. defect of vision. As a theoretical exness and carry it on while pursuing hli nr establishing himself In thi planation this has a plausibility which studies Profm-ilo- n N. B. l, disarms doubt and leads one to accept yb Choir of work of Ills life. Give In tho Xtw York as authoritatlva the stateIt Is of the utmost value to any per ment. It is urged, however, that exhomo WUolaomo Atlilro to Young son who pursues a business that reMen 1raUe In tbe Karr. perience is against Ibis theory. Nearquires mental effort to be free from ly all young horses sliy, but when the handicap of extremely limited means. One does much better work properly broken and got into regular "I I." work cease to do so. Some are imwhen unhampered by the dread of debt DONT want to ilay, properly broken, and cuutinue to shy or the consciousness that at any moif Ive KOt to he more or less. A few are guiliy of shyIt. ment a creditor may loom up and disAmi Iloliby looked ing all their lives, no matter what cure tract attention that is needed for other flerrrly sublime; is taken to form tlieir habits. Ou of There's no fun lilt things. X. S. Stowell In New York the speakers, Mr. R. C. Irving, said: when you have to ledger. it shying depended upon imperfect lie It. Ami I have to lie vision, one would expect horses to shy Trial of Authorship, 'it' nil the time." in about the. same degree at all kinds A little girl In Chicago has recently of strange and terrify mg sights. This Ah. Hobby, my brave a volume of verse, to be sold published be lit and is not the case. Some horses will nevso one, for charily. She was only six years er face nn engine of any kind. Some TIs a fute that no old when she undertook this literary will stand perfectly still alongside a soul can escape. thrashing-machinbut always sliy at For younwt-rs and man of the whole ltu- - labor, or, as she says, I talked it, and mamma wrote it down for me Just aa horses Some a locomotive man elan or shape. manner I talked It. some Are In It" a and, when train, shy only passing In one story she tells how typhoid strange to say, of these one will object For Fate plays at lag with the whole hufever broke out among the fairies. to meet it, whilst tbe other objects to man rare, When the fairy doctor came, he talked And ihe aliuulriera of all men are hit. overtaking it A horse that will face And all hear Ills cry aa he "tagit" and goea to the fairy godmother about microbes a locomotive will often shy at a newsby. and germs, and told her to boll the over it. His clamor of Tag! you are It! paper on the road or a water. on Whilst one horse shies dangerously g of 1uro J imiiI l.aur. a game that is well worth Then she, who was of an inquiring a country road and will pass anything And the play. The agitation of pure food regula- in a crowded street, another is sleudy mind, asked if a hair was a sidewalk for And the strong soul Im glint to he hit. tions is one of the most Important slung the country lane anJ unsafe in And new light ttlla his eye when he hears a microbe. hie Fate cry things now liefore the American peo- town. This behavior cannot be recOh, no, said the doctor, they ara TL! ara Its you of, challenge Tag! ple, says Northwest Horticulturist. smaller. much of onciled with the theory Imperfect Adulteration is tarried on to such au vision. It seems more a matter of tem- Bo Bohby, If tiie germ had the fever, perBut my brave one, begin the long extent that it Is almost impossible to perament and habit. Tbe defect, in sisted the godmother, why didnt tha game. And don't eulk or grumble a bit. procure pure articles for dally use, and fact, is in his brain, not in his eye; this fever, which killed little boys and And count U all praise to the end of your as a natural consequence unadulterat- la confirmed of horses girls, kill tha germ? And If the germ experience by days ed products cannot be Bold in compeHorses with When parwith defective eyes. you hear Fate exclaim, You are didnt have the fever, how could it give tition with the less expensive frauds. tial or If!" small with the fever? How could a thing give a cataracts, complete Because of the adulterated articles uold or By Sam Walter Foe. corneal opacities, behave in thing It didn't have? large as canned and preserved goods, jamdeThis was too much for the fairy doctheir before as much the same way Choice of a I'rofegaion. ming establishments will not pay. Th'e fects were noticed. A quiet, tor, who could only answer, "Nobody A couple of young men called on me raspberry, blackberry and strawberry knows but God. horse remains as ho was, other tlay and asked me to give the jam of commerce are greatly adulter- and exLater the child breaks out into verse: when it does seem, not shying to them as ihe of a ated and sold at prices which drive the tholce my opinion beThe flower that bends down to tbs ists, to get worse as the vision pure jams off the market. Fruit grow- comes profession. They were bright. Intelearth more and more defective." It ers and consumers are both injured, ligent, well educated young fellows Will soon go back to God; that ia notable in thia connection The former find no canneries operatwith some means, not very much, to But never again will it return Hayes, in his book on Horsebreakbe sure, and were exceedingly anxious ing to buy his fruit, and the latter if as it was plod. same his The in of not does treat shyness ing, buying jams and jellies at all And them In an apparently much needed footof Temper. but in- to start In a career that might bring on Faults chapter of uncertain values. State hortlaul cludes it in the chapter on Faults of them a comfortable subsistence and note tha author explains that this tural societies should take up the had poem, which came Into my head quick ard gives advice for its treat- possibly fatnA mid fortune. They of pure food measures and unite Mouth, outside but of little rholce professions and sudden, doesn't make sense, bement. It May be concluded, therefore, on some bill proposed for a national of the law, medicine, chemistry or cause the word plod, which rhymes a as lie considers that shying mainly pure food law, and have it pushed bad habit which has so nicely with God, doesn't mean what not been over- mining. as as possible. simI through After an speedily hour's talk them with I want it to. and come by proper breaking training. ply had to give It up and tell them In this embarrassment she seems that I really could not advise, and the strikingly like real poets. Orrharrt llffyleno. Making Good llulln. doctor, an eminent one in his specltlty, Drouth and weed growth, accompaMr. A. Leighton, formerly dairy laid down biH visiting list with a sigh F. trees nied by low vitality, have mado fikrlrh on tha Envelope. "One and an expression of discouragement. exceptionally subject to borers and in- Instructor at Ames, Iowa, says: the of the trained men who diwin will buttermaker skill The sweepstakes a There are already, he runtinued, sect troubles, says an exchange. As do not he does it more doctors In the communities with rect to proper delivery the many misrule trees that are infested arc those at a convention, but be Because time. second tbe Why? which I am familial than can find directed, Illegible, badly addressed letthat are low in vital power, and there la probably no time when Insert pests don't know how he did It before, and profitable business. The ouly way for ters that find their way Into the mall when he comes to make a second tub a young mac without Influence or has often been remarked. Recently need more attention for their extermilike the one that he won with at the hanking to succeed cither In the law they were called on to decide whom be can nation than at present. If this use previous show, he is entirely in the or medicine, is to have sufficient means a letter thus addressed should be dethe and accomplished by spraying dark. I believe the whole secret is in to sit down and wait until business livered to: as of all ordinary precautions, such the ripening of the cream. It must comes to him. In the cities he must and limbs dead all out trash, cleaning be possible for us to mako as locate lilmsclf in the slums and work that certainly up the redding" general giving evfine In some of our creameries for nothing and board himself.' Indeed butter receive should all cultivated trees as classes the in this country who are he must furnish a certain amount of of season good a and ery spring, their for the very high- medicine for his patients. Some day will butter telling growth follows, double advantage be taken of the Insect pests. It is a est figures to a select trade. I am he may by some fortunate accident fact that insects colonize and secure stumbling onto this butter about every perform a successful operation or lodgement in orchards, and if this is day now and I Bay to you there is strike some phenomenal case that will I prevented on the start they are not nothing equals it that have seen in bring him before the public, but It la no better than ours, alow work and discouraging. is otherIt West. the will nearly so Injurious as they wise become. A liberal use of strong only in flavor; the mechanical part is Aa to the law, one of the bpst ways alkali washes, with soft soap solution, no lietter. Ours has just as good graini for a beginner Is to take cssps either on Col. Bill Shaw, the general agent colored and w'orked up applied in the fore part of the sum- is seasoned and contingent or for the bare fees, or bet- of tbe C., B. & Q. railroad In Cincinflavor the as the thats well, but mer and early spring go a loag way just ter still, if he has money enough to nati, got this letter promptly, although and with spraying and cleaning up will rub." float himself while he is doing It, to It la not too true In its depiction of the do much to prevent insect difficulties. take up c&ses for the deserving poor. of the person for one will, there la nothing striking personality what ling Say Fury was Intended. whom it surInsects in Oranges. No one Is There la not the least doubt but that that pays aa well as philanthropy, and prised to find a worm in an apple and all tbe hogs now in existence which are the man who can afford, even at a good occasionally In other fruits, but it is a actually worth one thousand dollars deal of cost to himself, to take some of 1rnlae to tha Faro. once surprise to learn that the orange ia get- each can be counted upon the fingers of these cases, has every chance of sucbhw a father walk up to I ting to be Infested as well as the rest one hand. But prices have climbed up- cess before him. The professions are map his littie boy had made and The Florida Farmer calls attention to ward all winter, in the face of the all and while there ia, pinned on the wall. He stood before the fact that worms have been found great financial stringency, until 14,000 aa the old saying goes, always plenty it a long time in alienee, and in alienee in oranges grown in New Mexico. Mee- has changed hands in the sale of a sin- of room at the top, it ia such a strugwalked away. The little fellow was han's Monthly says; The worn in gle animal. When we consider that gle to get there, that men wear out, sitting in the room, and hia father the orange is named by the entomolothe final ind of the porcine species is break up and go to pieces long before knew he was there. He was watohing gist Trypeta ludens. So far as has simply to furnish a portion of the meat they reach anywhere near the upper with his eager child's eyes, waiting been discovered It has not been found supply for human consumption, and rounds of the ladder. If I had my ca- anxiously for a word of approval. As In any of the oranges grown in the that they multiply faster and mature reer to begin over again with bust rene came, his poor little face fell different parts of the United States, al- earlier than any of their competitors, neas matters at their present status, I unhappily. Straight Into the next room though It Is said to be getting quite the absurdity of such prices can be would with my profession. If I chose walked the father, and said carelessly: common in the fruit grown beyond our realized. It is nothing but speculation, to take one up, familiarize myaelf with Roliert has drawn a very clever litMexican border. pure and simple. Within the past something In the line of producing. tle map in there. Look at it when you month we heard one of the noted pro- I would become an expert gardener, go in. Fruit Soil. Owing to its earllness fessional fine stock auctioneers, in urg- florlat, bee keeper, farmer, poultry raisDid you tell him it was clever? and the ease with which it is cultiing bidders to raise their bids on a er, almost anything where I could use asked a judicial Ilstener.following from vated, it was natural that for a long promising sow', inadvertently give ut- my odd hours ind moments. A young the room where little Roliert still sat. time sandy soil should be preferred terance to tbe secret uf many high friend of mine who has lieen Why, no. I ought to have done aa practicing by the fruit grower. But it is becomprices. He said: Dont be afraid to medicine for five years, has more than I never thought to mention It ing understood that well underdrained bid. The more you pay for her the made a living for himself and family in Well, you ought to be ashamed ol heavy aolla can be worked nearly or more you can get for her pigs. To be was the deserved reply, yourself," poultry raising quite as early as sandy soils, and these strictly truthful be should have added, Go back now and tell him. some of of these The advantage are much richer in the mineral eleIf you can find the dupes. While it Industries Is that they take up ments of plant food that are essential Is true that all the best thoroughbreds minor little additional room t'ntold l.im. in perfecting fruit of any kind. In are high priced, it docs not follow that comparatively the returns are quick on one's place, The art of telling a He by telling th many of the winter fruits the easiness all high priced animals are the best of and the labor Is light. It la by no truth, but less than the whole of It, li of ripening on light soil becomes a dis- their kind, or thst their progeny will to have a few dol- cultivated by some people; and when Inconvenient means advantage, as It makes late fall and have all the good points of the pain and (here at inter- their trick of concealment Is by sonii lars hTp coming Swine Breeder. of varieties that, rents. American early winter fruits vals, and the advantages of having chance found out, they are never quit when grown on heavier soil, should be something to fall back on In case of believed afterward. kept in good condition until spring. Michigan Olco Law. The Michigan emergency, need not ho discussed. A A person of this type was once relatEx. law regarding olco provides that it !u law has taken up a branch certain circumstances to an acbeginner and in ing that all placoa of he branded and clients when not do Clean Appearances. It is not enough shall engraving, quaintance, who appeared, perhaps, a Is sold or consumed, a sign come, cash does, for his work is care- trifle inrrcduloiis. that butter be clean, it must appear where it on the outside door, clean. The butter that you take ti must be placed What! exclaimed the narrator; d in the center ful and painstaking, and therefore hung conspicuously and an with old customers or a As for ad- you suspect what I tell you? commands rag good price. your on the walls, a white piece of linen tied over It may be and placed vising any young man to devote himOh, no, answered the other; "butt on which Is printed In black Ronot be matan will but it eaay self exclusively to one thing I must suspect what you don't tell me! clean, Oleomargarine ter to convince them of it Better to man letters, the words, The remark was an apt one, ant frankly say that I do not see how he Sold or Used Here." AfButterlna which costs or but paper, the years when ought to have been a warning to tl can buy parchment through along get 1. 1897. oleomargarine little, and use that. You will thus be ter September business Is coming to hira unless speaker. Youths Companion, in that state unlese his sold not he trade. are must to your able People keep means for his running expenses. baa he particularly eager to get butter they free from coloration or any ingredient He must live well and make a reason Patience is light or guide to help tbs know to he clean, and are willing to that causes it to look like butter. good soul appearance. ably perceive the insignificance a pay for the cleanliness. It has been said that no man conld trials. Mrs. M. Fletcher. skull I'anus GARDEN. causes combined. These are brought upon our farms In garden and Held seeds from foreign countries. Russian flaxseed is responsible for the introduction of the Russian thistle which first appeared upon a single farm and now covers over forty thousand square Miles In the United States. Alfalfa, beet, turnip and other field and garden seeds Imported from Europe are the potent cause for the contamination of our lands with farm weeds. Nor are the farmers of this country at all particular in saving their seeds, fields containing weeds often being set apart for seed crops, Insuring the fouleet seeds In many cases. And then in the purchase of seeds, the farmer ia not careful to buy pure seed only, but plants whatever the dealer offers him. 4'ntll these methods are done away with we must expect to have new perconstantly appearing nicious weeds among our crops. tho South. Tbs increase in the number of small farms is attracting atteutlon all ovec the South. The Harrison County llan ner, a country weekly published in Mississippi, has been Impressed with :ndications of this tendency in that state and with its advantages to the people. It says that the fertility of the soil is so great that a man having from ren to forty acres ran raise on less than half of his land all that his family and stock require, and can put tho remainder into cane, the proceeds of A'blch will be a surplus. The old plantation inode was to raise only one crop, and with the cash obtained front the sale of that to buy corn, oats, hay and meat. No one should wonder that under the operation of this system the mortgage upon a plantation increased from year to year. The Hurrison county editor holds that these large places must be cut Into smaller ones and sold to thrifty farmers before full prosperity can return to the South, lie states the ruling prices for land In the South are now such that a Northern furmer with his land mortgaged for half or of this value can sell his equity for enough to buy and fully pay for the same uumber of acres of equally fertile laud in the South. dll) luff In In Sto-wl- It; e, road-engin- e. two-thir- ds br-d- life-ta- good-manner- ed agl-tatio- ' CmtutaM lrii-M- . over-crowde- pla-ca- d, rd I 1 1 I .! |