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Show CACHE AMERICAN. WALTER BUTLER, JL Ljuckless Figure of & Rjomance AN, I'TAII that th!i I lh IsnJ of William the Conqueror ltd In the fair haired Scandinavian type which pcrUt to ltd day In various d.MrlcU, A to lb origin of the Norman Inclination to hedge" on every' let historian argue a Greet Sritij W itU Quaint question, fact that on (hey Will, t'Ut It I must usually luhor hard to extract Age-OK- l Ccrcmoiiii-4- . plain c or no from Idm. "Was the Frrf-efCrn apple crop large tide year?" you rhie &(') ! tt U !Mf tu. Ml U l ask. IBs classic reply U: Well, Is planning for for a good apple year, it te not loo NURSHNDY tiling Like good; hut for a had apple )eur. It In the Valley of VirIs md loo bad 1" and otlur ginia, grant The temleuoy to avail himself of region of Normandy subtle distinction may account for fare Irth In fe.iiv attire when the Norman's reputation as a sometint bud of it fatuous apple tree what grasping character, and the f burst In t! ipriog, fondness for legal forms and law! Although ll.e Promt) are largely suits hu earned him and his fellow wine laihildi g people, Ui native the title of the lawyers of France." of Normandy drink apple cider, Natural Curiosity. j There, jua can't eat tneal without mile southwest of Vlre, Thirty elder, yon can't be (Mini without crow file, on the border bethe ntnl or married cider, you can't get tween Normandy and Brittany, towdie without cider. The old duchy, er the durhy'a most Imposing natlightly number than the date of ural durloaliy and It finest constat one huge orchard. Maryland, nnmument of the Middle age stuEven "When IF apple bloasom Mont Saint It la time In Nornmudy, however, the pendous a granite Islet 3.000 feet In circumba duchy many world fnmoui spot ference, girt with Immense walla that alio attract the atleuttoD of the and lower, plastered with bound traveler Rouen, lieauvlile, Cherand the climbing up It bourg, Havre, Rayeux, Hunfleur, whole crowned withside, an ancient ab. Dieppe, Falalne, Alenron. shrine of the Archangel MichNorthmen swooping down, raiding, bey, Lover saint of high places. ael, destroy log, but finally settling on of the antique find In 111 historical softened the land and giving It In the grandeur of It form of their name; stalwart son associations. outward aspect, an appeal and a of duke and tanner's daughter fascination similar to those of crossing the channel to oinko world Carcassonne. history at Hunting; Norman dukes East of Vlre Is Fatnlse, where reigning In England ; the king of the Robert the Devil, the Magnificent, In English reigning Normandy. looked out of the castle window and Armored ktdglits, clanking about. In saw Arietta, the tanner's daughter. London, Sicily. Naples, at the tomb The Mnid burnt at the of Chrl-- L stake. Daring son of Normandy to fish, to explore roaming tlie and colonize unknown lands, from Newfoundland to tlie Antarctic, to the South Sons, around the world Norman building lordly castles, chateaux, cathedrals, and abbey of distinctive Narmtin architecture," painting pictures, writing poetry, pluys, and novel of enduring fame. Poussin and Millet, Pierre Corneille, Alain Ch,artier and Malherbe, Flaubert, De Maupassant, and other a Norman galaxy. Normandy doe more than sit around and dream of the long ago. Through Havre, seioml seaport of France; through Cherbourg, It saw some of the legions pass to the western front. It ha greeted kings and queens, admirals and generals, and heard the roar of cannon saNorman Women Astroll. lutes, the hum of sky craft Through these ports today pas travelers Another story goes that he first save from the western world, and pro- her clothes at the founwastiing cessions of consuls, agents, buyers, tain one when he was returnday salesmen, ambassador of commerce ing from the chase. However, It of every kind hunters all, scenting was, her "pretty feet twinkling in the romance and adventure In for- the brook led to her becoming the eign trade, In anything from an- mother of the Conqueror. chovies to antiques. North of Fulalse is Caen, a NorDress designers, looking to Paris man Athens and unrivaled center for the first and la-- t word on fash- for the study of Norman art. Here ions, send "scouts' to the golden tlie Normans' extraordinary faculty benches of Deauville and Its less for adaptation appears at Its best TrouvIUe. aristocratic vis they Invented little that was Though Here, where the beau monde dis- new, they adopted from other counports Itself In season beneath gaily tries, developed and Improved. striped tents, at the casinos, along French language and literature, the promenades, and at the races, French feudal doctrines, and Romanthe gods and goddesses of style dis- esque architecture In particular bear play their lntest creations on beau- the stamp of their genius. In Nortiful women. man linnds this architectural form Back from the white chalk cliffs from northern Italy became a disa and sandy beaches stretches tinctive, living thing, marked by green and pleasant land of wind- great size, simplicity, and massiveing streams, fertile grain fields and ness and love of geometric filat pastures, hedgerows, orchards, ment. The two abbey s founded here farms, and villages of thatched by the Conqueror and his wife are cottages. There are hills, and dales superb examples of the architecture and glens, forests and waterfalls, w lilch preceded the rise of the early and the typically Norman long, Gothic in the Thirteenth century, straight roads. and which also crossed the channel even before the Conqueror. Famous for Cattle. The Conqueror was buried In one And cjws Innumerable herds and Matilda, his spot the lush meadows everywhere, of these abbeys, but especially In the Oontentin, the cousin-v- ife, In the other. What a courtship was William's I peninsula which points toward Engseven year siege of Matildaa A land. It has given Its name to a Norman breed of cattle famous for hand, disdain from the lady, slights not to be endured, and finally a beef, but more so for milk production. Paris drinks Normandy's milk wrathy lover rushing into Matildas the hair, and cream, and both London and presence, seizing her by strikParis eat Us fresh butter and cheese dragging her about the room, floor. Pont ing her, flinging her to the Cnmembert, Neufchatel, After that she said yes! LEveque with histories as distinGathered His Hosts. guished as the duchys own. In one field men in blue smocks Still farther north Is Dives. Here are loading hay into carts drawn by in those stirring days of 1000, the ponderous horses. They are perche-ron- s future victor at Hastings gathered exclaims the horse lover from together "an innumerable host of the Middle West. "My Indiana horsemen, stingers, and foot solneighbor used to import carloads of diers, wild, adventurous spirits, the Don't they remind you of war strength of northern Europe, them. As eager for the battle over the sea. In Rosa Bonheurs Horse Fair? a matter of fact, most of her modtlie rivers mouth lay some 700 els for that picture were perche-rons.- " ships. The largest could hold fifty knights with all their horses and Another Normandy product is Its men; the smallest boats were not patois; ones school book French even decked over, and were loaded will not serve here. In the daily to tlie gunwales with stores and procommon speech one authority has visions, including small grinding counted some 5,(X0 words which are mills for the grain. For pictorial history of the Conforeign to French. On an early visit to England, the quest, go to Hnveux and look at future Conqueror found Normans the 58 scenes embroidered on linen tlie famous Bayeux tapestry. Probeverywhere. There were "Norman in prelates in the bishoprics, Norman ably no other fabric anywhere the world surpasses it in interest lords and soldiers In the fortresses, Crude though It Norman captains and sailors in the ami importance. The Conquest Itself af- Is In design, and partly defaced, it seaports. fected every phase of England's na- nevertheless recreates a momentous tional activities, especially its poperiod in tlie world history. But all Norman roads lead to One litical and social institutions. writer has called attention to the Rouen at last. Rouen, Gothic fact that for more than 800 years Queen of France" and the duchys the British parliament has used ancient capital, where each monuNorman French when imploring the ment is a book, each stone a souvenir." Yet, more than architecking to approve or reject Its laws. Though the old Norse language ture, more than antiquities, Joan of died out quickly In Normandy, It Arc is the strongest lure ; for Rouen left tokens of Its Scandinavian is her town, saturated with glorious Her origin In such place names as and tragic memories of her. Dieppe, deep; In Hsrfleur and spirit still hovers over tlie market Barlleur. flenr, the Norse fliot, mean- place where, condemned for "having "small river"; In Yvetot, Ivo's ing fallen back into the errors, she "toft or "inclosure. Another proof went to fiery martyrdom. Normandy Dons Festival Attire J ri 1 C apple-growin- Am.-rliS- , I i I i I MU-lic- ! By ELMO SCOTT WATSON century ami a half he hat been written down In presumably accurate historic a the archfiend the Revolution." With Simon Girty, the notorious renegade," he has shared the uncnvluhle reput-jVthin of being (the orU are those of a well known historian) Pf'sent no redeeming to p'ead for excuse." Still cyj : tjii.jllly another hhlorlan characterize him as a enti of onterirlsint! bold-- ! whose he.irt was n coinnoimd of feroelotia ite. erurttj ntnl unappeasable re-U fV I ' ' ( y. mis-Vl1,-0 jbs3.fcifc,y s ''b-l'kJLTJjAV ' the iimilMa more than the historians made his name a word of loathing almost as much a the name or Benedict Arnold. One f fhi'i.i mites of H 'berry Valiev, where, through f "miry d.ivwi. jonng Walter Rutter damned I. s son for all eterihlj while men. women and i a ' Iren, old and young, died horribly amid the 'r piling halves and h)onet of his painted ' ms, or fell under the butchering hatchets of I'.nt h. ' h . Serin-!- , s. S' after reading for so long that Walter But-- ' r was a villain of the deepest dye. It Is all the n ", HUia..ing to pit k up a hook nnd read that iilniinislv he was no scoundrel, and certainly no murderer of women nnd children as all the hocks have said. Tie Is the typical, proud, restless, unhappy, luckless figure of romance, who v throws away his life for a lost cause" the stuff of which heroes are made. The hook is "War Out of Niagara Walter Butler and the Tory Bangers," published recently by the Columbia University Press for the New York Mate Historical association, and the man who has painted a new portrait of the "Infamous Walter Butler" Is Howard Swiggett, author of a careful Ij documented biography, based upon source material hitherto untouched by the historians. Why has the name of Walter Butler for so There long been tarnished with 111 fame? are two reasons, closely associated. Even before the outbreak of the Revolution there was enmity between some of the "half feudal aristocracy" of the Mohawk valley, notably the Johnsons nnd the Butlers, and the Dutch and German peasantry of that region. So when the conflict came and Walter Butler cast his fortunes with the logical cause for him to espouse. It Is small wonder that these commoners should refuse to credit him with being actuated by as tniuh sincerity and high principle as they were In making their choice. His father, John Tattler, was an assistant to the great Sir William Johnson, the King's superintendent of Indian affairs in the Northern deIn a Colonial partment and a lieutenant-colone- l militia regiment. Brought up in the belief that the greatest rtiance for honorable advancement lay In the King's service," what more natural than that this young aristocrat should choose the side of His Majesty rather than that of the ohvl-ousl- rebels? It must be remembered that the Revolution was more than a conflict between a stubborn foreign king nnd his rebellious subjects. It was also a civil war In which one group of native Americans, called Patriots, was pitted against another group of native Americans, called Tories or Loyalists. There Is no war more hitter than civil war and no crime too black for one side to charge against the other, when families are divided among themselves and friend turns against friend. So- - the legends of Tory Infamy began growing early among the Patriots and the first historians who gathered their material among the survivors of the Revolution nnd who do not seem to have been animated by any too scrupulous regard for accuracy, accepted most of these legends as facts. Then, too, they seem to have had the desire (a desire still in evidence among some Americans of today, even though it is not so understandable) to try to make the Patriots and their cause seem all the whiter nnd purer by painting the Tories and their cause all the blacker and more Infamous. Unfortunately for Walter Butler they made hint the scapegoat for most of their Tory hatreds. No doubt the particular reason for this was that the P.utlers, father and son, were instrumental in winning the Iroquois Indians to the British side and became leaders of the par tisan forces with which these Indians cooper ated. So they were bitterly hated because they enlisted red savages as their allies, loosed them on the frontiers and encouraged their atrocities by Imitation and a horrible commerce in scalps of men, women and children. But tile Indignation of the early historians against the use of tire Indians by the British and tlie Tories would he more convincing if they did not overlook or Ignore these facts: that these same Patriots, as English colonists during the wars with the French, had been glad enough to have tire Iroquois as allies against the French, that early in tire Revolution tiiey had tried to win the warriors of tire Long House to THEIR side and that during the Revolution some of tlie Continental commanders, as well as the Brit ish, did use Indians as allies. THE BUTLER BADGE THE BUTLER HOME Since Walter Butler was the apotheosis of the worst type of enemy to the cause of Liberty, it would seem natural that our information about him should be fairly complete. And yet, as tlie author of War Out of Niagara" says: "There Is an absorbing mystery about his life and char acter. The date of his birth Is unknown. . . . There Is no physical description of him except in fiction. Letters about him in catalogues, even of the Schuyler Papers, the Gates Paiers, the Library of Congress and many other papers are mysteriously marked missing. Timothy Dwight, the President of Yale university, invented a great myth about him that got into every American history In tlie Nineteenth century. Lafayette is said to have been his friend hut there Is no authority for it. HnUUnmnd (British com mander in Canada) is said to have refused to receive him after Cherry Valley and this book contains an original letter from Ilaldiinand approving of his conduct that November day. He appears plainly to have broken his parole ns a prisoner hut, with every horror of massacre and rapine laid at his door, for some reason that seems to have escaped notice. Brant, tlie Indian, is portrayed as a noble paladin, horrified at Butler's excesses. Yet Simms, the gossip of the Revolution, in 'The Frontiersmen of New York, tiresome in the multiplicity of its detail, never places Walter Butler at the scene of any of the atrocities in the North. Thousands of men are mentioned by nanib but young Butler Is mentioned only at Cherry Valley. But, thanks to the researches of this historian, some of the mystery of Walter Butler is dis solved and we see him, not as the "bloody monster," painted by the early historians. Instead there stands forth An amazing figure a young man who could not have been over twenty-eigh- t when he was killed, to the rejoicing of all New York, a most dauntless and enterprising leader, eager, ambitious, tireless, offering to cover Albany, Fort Pitt and Detroit for grasping early in the war the grand strategy of the long Northwestern flank, impatient of older men, defending his every action at Cherry Valley, scorning to make war on women nnd children, while pointing out the treatment of his mother nnd sister held as hostages in Albany. He is condemned for his red allies and was himself killed nnd scalped by an Indian ally of tlie Continental nrmy and the newspapers announcing his death say, 'Tire Oneida Indians behaved well in the action and deserve much credit.' So In War Out of Niagara" we see Walter Butler as a hoy at Butlersbury, seeing his fa ther nnd Sir William Johnson returning In triumph at the head of Colonial troops from the wars with the French. We see him busy at his law studies in Albany and as a rising young lawyer at the outbreak of the Revolution. Then when the break conies in 1775 and those who live in New York province must choose between King and their native land, he casts his lot witli the Loyalists (who were decidedly in the ma jorit.v in that province). But the Patriot forces under General Schuyler gain temporary ascend ancy and Guy Johnson and Sir John Johnson, nephew and son of Sir William and his success ors in charge of Indian affairs, Col. John Butler nnd Walter Butler and Joseph Brant of the Mo hawks go to Oswego. Haldi-man- AT BUTLERS BURY, N.V. Next we find Walter Butler ns an ensign In the Eighth regiment, the King's Own, In tlie fighting around Montreal nnd Quebec. From there he goes to Fort Niagara, which is to be his principal headquarters ns leader of the Butler Rangers from that time on. In 1777 he accompanies St. Leger In the expedition which, with Burgoyne coming down from the north and Howe coming up from the south, Is to end the war in one campaign. At old Fort Stanwlx (renamed Fort Schuyler) tlie stubborn defense of Colonels Gansevoort and Marimis Willett hold tip St. Leger's advance and the bloody Battle of Orlsknny results finally in Its defent Soon afterwards Walter Butler starts down the Mohawk river toward German Flats to raise recruits for the British army. He is captured, tried as a spy before a court martial, over which Colonel Willett sits as Judge advocate, and Is sentenced to be hanged. But General Schuyler intercedes for him and he is taken to the Albany jail from which he soon escapes to Quebec. The next year he goes again to Ningara and lends the expedition against Cherry Valley, from which he is to return with the most hated name in New York for a hundred and fifty years." Most of the historians who have written of tills affair, making Butler the villain and Brant the protector of the captured women and children, lay emphasis upon the 31 people who were killed in the massacre. But Swiggett brings out tlie fact that it was Butler who protected of the Inhabitants, the 173 survivors, and offers strong evidence that It was Brant who Incited the Indians to tlie killing of at least a part of the 31. The next two years find Walter Butler as captain of tlie corps of rangers fighting In the battles against General Sullivan, whom Washington has sent to smash the power of the Long House, going on a mission to Detroit and "maina cold and lonely taining the post of Miamis, outpost in the wilderness far west of Detroit. Blit in 17S0 he is back In Montreal and ngnin at Ningara and from there the next year, he sets out upon his last expedition. As second in command under Major Ross, the raiding force of about 700 is within 12 miles of Schenectady on October 25, 1781. They have left a trail of burning farmhouses, mills and granaries behind them as tiiey turn to retreat toward Johnstown, But Marimis Willett and his Continentals are hot on their trail and in the Battle of Johnstown, Ross nnd Butler are defeated. The disorganized raiders must retreat through the wilderness toward the north. They reach Canada creek and at a ford there Walter Butler is covering the retreat when he Is shot down and an Oneida scout In Willetts command takes his scalp. Visit the city of Schenectady today and they will take you to historic old St. George's church and tell yon that the dust of Walter Butler lies under its floor even pointing out the very pew under which his body, brought secretly by the Tories from tlie ford at Canada crpek, is supposed to have been buried. But Swiggett doubts this. It seems unlikely," he says, Wolves were closing in on the army. And on that grisly note the tragedy and the mystery of Walter Butler ends. seven-eight- by Western NewsnftDer Union ) well-kep- Dark Lands Invite the Explorer ' Earth Regions Unmapped, all the trudging of Doctor fhhwara. and iteaimJilp Despite airway and Mere Names line, highroads and railways, w to Scientists. runout jet pretend to know our own tx broils and still thought of as a Exploration phase of adventure rather than of Yet It must rank In lm;or-lancscience. with the work that the phy lelsl and chemist are doing In tear In hlla of matter apart In order to discover of what the earth and the slur are made. It la science at Its We live on a planet, empirical mail a (clestlal bodice go, hut huge o ns so huge that only a few centuries ago were w sure of Km glohu Inr shape, Like ants we are still busily craw ting over It. poking Into strange nook and rraimie tlmt turn out to be fjord, w giggling through Jungle nnd swampn, skirting deerta that we fear to enter. and fast nrt-The passing of I'rlnoe Luigi Amadou of Savoy, better known aa the duke of the Abroad, remind u haw much crawling remains still to be done. In Ida lifetime he hold two one for a 'farthest North" record that Icnry was destined to heal and the other for having cllmtted to the unprecedented height of 22.050 feet In ao unsuccessful attempt to scale In the or Mount Godwln-AustcKashmir Himalaya. Scientifically more Important wa bis conquest of the Ituwcnzorl range Ptolemy's legendary Mountains of the Moon, where the Nile was supposed to have It source. He must be regarded not only as the lineal descendant of king hut a the spiritual descendant of that long line of bold, curtoua and restless men who pushed on Into the unknown and thus stilled some nameless, Inner, racial urge to curry on t the anlllke exploration of the lul surface. Was he the last of the great roomers, half athlete and half scientist? a writer In tlie New York Time muses. Although the alrplune and the Zeppelin have added more to our topographic knowledge In a week than we could hope to gather In a rentury of tedious crawling, we cannot jet expunge the word terra Incognita from the geographical lexicon, Half the Arctic and the Antarctic nre still unmapped. In Alasalmost a ka are mountnin-blHk- s mythical as was the Ituwenzorl range until the duke of the Abroad climbed It a region of incredible tale spun by Indiana and Eskimos. The heart of the Sahara lures, with its rumored oases of antiquity and the mountains of Its Berber songs. In northern Arabia thirsty wastes and blinding sandstorms have proved perfect defenses against hardened tribesmen, who have but skirted them. The Burmese hill Jungles are known only to the tribes who wander through them. And what shall be said of the Amazon valley, still hidden In steaming Jungles and deadly miasmas? Central Borneo and New Guinea are mere names. The Congo Is hut half explored. In Australia we have the anomaly of a continent of which the interior Is as dark a mystery as was the region west of the Appalachians In Jefferson's time. Northern Bechu-an- a and the lands about Lake NgamI In Africa await another Abruzzl, for 1 tx-s- t. Dr. Pem' bo.rl. and ter-res- Human Nature (to iiiX Get tome genuine tablets of Bayer Aspirin and take them freely until you are entirely free from pain. The tablets of Bayer manufacture cannot hurt you. They do not depress the heart. And they have been proven twice as effective as salicylates in relief of rheumatic pain al any tlagt. 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He was born In Mifflin county, Pennsylvania, April 24, 1799, and while still young removed with his parents to Ohio, where they became neighbors of Gen. William Henry Harrison. Beaver Are Primpers Beavers are equipped with oil glands on each side of tlie body and with toenail combs on their hind feet, and they are constantly preening and primping, when not sleeping, eating, playing or working. Our Dumb Animals. Do Not RaLe Silk Worm The bureau of entomology of the United States Department of Agriculture says that experiments In raising silkworms have been unsuccessful chiefly on account of the high cost of labor and that no attempts are now being made to raise them commercially. Summing It Up friendship and smiles are If they are hoarded like currency no one gets the benefit of them ; if they are kept in constant circulation every one benefits, and again, like money, they always accumulate something in transit. Love, Duplicate of Every Army Uniform A duplicate of the uniform of every regiment of every country that participated In the last war Is on file in the wardrobe department of a prominent motion picture company so that accurate copies can be made. Pupil Taught Juggling Deportment Is being taught by juggling and balancing feats at Pangwern college In Cheltenham, England. One exercise for girls is to stand on one foot on a pedestal while juggling three balls and balancing two oranges on a plate on the head. An Old Hickory Apostlo hickory tree grows over the grave of James Sayre, In Canton (Pa ) Baptist cemetery. Sayre was a great admirer of Andrew Jackson and in token of that fact always wore a sprig of a hickory tree In his buttonhole while alive. A |