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Show A Inter-Mounta- lfMC in COOPERATOR 4 Entered rfV $1.50 a Year Public Opinion Company, Publishers ne matter at the Port pfflce eeeond-elee- e VOLUME 5, NUMBER 12, SUGARHOUSE, u Better Subscribe ball Lake Utah. Apr. ( under the Act of March 8, 1879. 26, 1932 UTAH, FEBRUARY. 21. 1936 FIVE CENTS PER COPY, $1.50 PER YEAR Business Address, Room 217 David Keith Bldg., at 246 Main, Salt Lake City, Utah. 1 SELF-HEL- P COOPERATIVES TO Editorial THIS C. N. Lund. Editor, HOME INDHSTRY INCREASE nature of a payroll and does a certain type of service but which transports the major part of the profits away from the State. Many of these in-dustries are service industries, which are paid for out of the earnings of home industries and therefore do little to increase the purchasing power of the average man. 8. People throughout the state everywhere are asking the question: How is it that the purchasing power of average citizen is so low when her natural wealth is so great? They are becoming awakened to the fact that her profits are being carried away by absentee U-ta- hs They are set up as democratic units selecting their own officers and directors, who appoint their own managers, accountants and project advisera. The Cooperatives carry on an intensive program of education among themselves that their members might have a good understanding of the principles and program. These cooperative groups organized for mutual assistance to rehabilitate needy families through cooperative effort, to improve the Dying conditions of families of independent incomes by assisting them to help themselves through or ganized use of their own labor. The principal commodities and services which the Cooperatives have sought to produce are food, clothing, fuel, housing, health service, and recreation. owners. 9. Mere payrolls by indusowned mid controlled by tries SEN. HUGH M. WOODWARD outside capital will never maPRES. U. E. A. increase the wealth ; Chalrmam and Director of State terially our classes and of ' laboring p Cooperative Poerd our average citizens. PROJECTS SOUND M. Sen. Woodward By Hugh Chairman and Director State A DESPERATE HEED Projects are carefully selected Self-Heby the groups and are Cooperative Board men- carefully scrutinized by the r Utahs outstanding need Considering the abovewould p tioned conditions, it Board before State during the next ten years is seem that des? in is Those State the approval. projects greater industrial activity. inwhich have been put in operThere is need of a well de--1 perate need of a series. of fined plan on the part of the dustries owned and operated ation appear to be sound and of the State to successfully operated. Funds State and various State a-- . by the people necessities of are loaned to the groups bv the furnish ' gencies to foster home indus-- i as such the State Board to be repaid food, life, clothing, try where the profits remain housing, fuel, etc. cash or in kind. Definite in dtiz-in the hands of Utah ;. to in intended article This plans for repayments are ns and are distributed equit-least results at the of give carefully worked out between ably among producers, labor-er- s one deliberate effort on the the Board and the and consumers, to the before funds are loaned end that the purchasing pow- part of the State to organize such At the last the sixty groups now Of industry. er of the average man might session of the State the great maior Legislaorganized, be increased. a bill was passed known ity have asked for some help i' Conditions in the State tureHouse Bill 191. This hill from the State Board to pay Tvhich make this conclusion as Self-HeCo- leases on land, furnish tools creates State a inevitable are: In or machinery, or in some-casedepartment. operative 1- .'Utah"is a' veritable Saion set as board to purchase the industry. a is 1, up storehouse of natural wealth. follows: Of the projects submitted, Every study that has been forty are now in operation, made of her industrial possidifTHE LAW RIVEN representing twenty-fiv- e bilities justifies Lincoln's ferent groups. statement that she is the The projects, undertaken treasure house of the nation. Section 1. The state self-hel-p cover a rather wide range of 2. Utahs natural wealth cooperative board shall including truck gar is not being made manifest be composed of the following activity, farms, dens, In the available wealth of the members: The director of and lime kiln wood yards, average citizen of the state. the state planning board, one factories, canning quarries, The depression revealed that representative each of the the purchasing power of faculty of the University of sewing centers, farm pur Utahs citizenry is very low. Utah and of the Utah Agri- chasing stores, dress factor With this low purchasing cultural College to be severes, furniture manufacturing, power, consumption of the ally selected by their respec- saw mills, and coal mines. mere necessities of life, to tive presidents of such instiTo date about $36,000 have say nothing of the luxuries is tutions and an industrial en- jeen loaned to these also low. gineer to be selected by the atives. The effort and success State Engineer. To such in repaying the Board have STUDIES UNDER WAY board shall be added three been very encouraging. Self-Herepresentatives of the Cooperatives to be here. With the above conditions. industrial activity in after selected by the board 6ENTRALWAREH0USE Cooperaour State is necessarily run- of such Sdf-Hel-p The Board has set up a min- tives under such regulations the tide. ebb In at ware house which act. state ning board said as adopt." may and industry, smelting ing as a clearing center for all The duties of the Board surplus for every man working to not used or disposed produce raw material in the are provided for in Section 3 : of by the individual Section 3. It shall be the State, there are three outside and also acts as a of the State working this duty of the self-helwholesale agency for these board to approve plans raw material up into usable groups. It thus becomes a products. In other words, of organization, operation, agent between Utah is doing only one- -' production, distribution, and production and consumption. financing of the fourth of the job. The following statement is to encourage self-he4. A study which is now made by Dr. Dilworth Walkunder way reveals a long list cooperatives in their endeav- er, Professor of Economics of maTufactured goods in the or to make their members at the University of Utah lending ev- and adviser of the Investiof foods, clothing, way household conveniences of ery asistance possible. gating Committee of GovernThe department of Pub- mental various kinds, made outside Units, after a careful the State, that, with a little lic Welfare from funds avail- study of the working and reof twenty-thre- e organization and encourage- able for relief purposes shall sults of associament on the part of the State set apart the sum of $40,000 these self-hecould just as well be pro- for development of such tions: activities and sums as it asduced by our own peonle. These 23 necesand 5. So low is our industrial deems reasonable sociations with a total memthat thirty sary for such purposes. development bership of 1272 families proself-hel-p The had to citizens thousand duced over $40,000 worth of may product; useful commodities, or an leave the State during the associations decide between 1920 and goods and services for con- average of $25.00 per family. 1930. Our increase in popu- sumption within the cooper The net cost to the state for lation during that time was ative organization, and may equipment and supervision thousand while exchange with other fifty-riowas $3,629.00 or $2.85 per our births over deaths were atives and the public for oth- family. But since only about 95.000, which shows that a er goods and services not half of the membership actlittle over one out of every produced within the cooper ually participated in the actthree of our natural increase ative. ivities and likewise in the Since the passage of the had to go out of the state the returns per actbenefits, for labor or industrial advan- bill the Federal Government ive family are probably in has appropriated from the excess of $50.00, at a cost to tages. 6. This is a serious condi- FERA fund an additiona the Btate of approximately tion. when we realize that $89,970. that amount. most of these leaving the These figures, of course, State represent young men. BOA REACTIVITIES may seem very minute in and when we realize, too, comparison with the mil ions The board has been in op- spent for other forms of rethat a solution of our maior farm problems is to supplv a eration over a period of six lief during the same period. greater home market. We months. During that time A single PWA or WPA progroups ject may run unto several should keep these men with- sixty in the State as wage earners have been organized. These times the value of all the and producers. groups organize under artip organizations put 7. There is considerable cles of incorporation, with together. But that is not the industry in the State that appropriate officers and def- whole story. The real signifi- furnishes something in the inite rules and regulations ( Continued on png four) Self-Hel- lp Self-Hel- 1 , . v lp To Readers: This week we utilize page 2 as well as page 4 for localads and reading matter. Dont overlook them. Read j Splendid Articles By Two Noted Men Plan of lp p dinating lp self-sustaini- lp co-op- ht one-ten- th Self-Hel- In The Working A Way of Christian Living Self-Maintena- nce The two splendid articles in this issue, one by Dr. Hugh Woodward and one by Dr. Francis Kirkham, should be studied by each o the 15 000 persons to whom this issue is sent. The men are leading educators and able writers. Both are demonstrating their ideas in a very practical and fuecessful manner. One Administrative Read every word they have to Bay for your own good. Unit Of The Church Shows How Christian Living Brings Results. Cooperation the Economic Saviour It is not too much to say that Cooperation,' either in its present or a more highly developed form, will prove to b? the economic saviour. It has done wonders for many nations. It has lifted whole peoples out of serfdom and made them free and independent and prosperous. It has brought more equality and had a tendency to make men more brotherly. It is the only answiT to the hitherto unrefuted claim of Henry George that poverty follows progress. It has a sane and healthy tendency to share the wealtli. It does not exploit the public. It does not make the few ultra rich and the many poor. It seeks to set up a fine system of social justice. Before humanity can extricate itself from its present dilcma it will find that it mustT adopt the principles of true cooperation. Americanism Should Be Defined It might be well to have a definition setting forth what true Americanism really is. We read the printed matter of organisations which denounce this and that in our addminis-tratio- n and set up their own ideas as 100 per cent Americanism. The truth is many of the schemes are anything but Americanism, end God help the people if some of them came to predominate. There are thoe who can prove that America was meant to be more than any other nation, that it has a greater mission and a higher deBtiny than any other nation, that it was a preserved and promised land upon which should be established a new order of the ages, that there was present in the convention which made its charter a divine power which inspired its constitution. Those who would destroy America had better think twice. It cannot be done. To do so would be to go against the decrees of the Almighty and to trample on the hearts of Washington, Jefferson and Lincoln. Change and progress may and must come. Troubles and calamities and even revolutions may come. Traitors and deserters and Bassins may show ihiir red hands, will survive them all. She is still GodB and mans and the world's best Self-Maintena- as an addi- tional Constitutional right for all Americans was declared by a group of farm, industrial and science leaders assembled recently at Dearborn, Mich., at the call of the American Chemical Association and as guests of Henry and Edsel Ford. Continued enforced Idleness and the dole in a land of plenty, they emphasized, will destroy those personal qualities of character upon which this country has been founded. Here follows a brief description of A Flan of Self based Maintenance upon Christian living which will be of interest to all who are seeking to find a way out of present conditions. The person quietly directing and guiding the plan is Harold B, Lee, one of the five of Salt dty commissioners Lake City. He also administers the Pioneer Stake as a Church service. This administrative unit of the Mormon Church embraces the indus- - Dr. Frances W. Kirkham Utah Director NYA trial southwest quarter of Salt Lake City. As the depression settled over the intermuontain west, the Mormon Church assisted its members by a number of methods of cooperative self-hel- p. STOREHOUSE THE PUBLIC but-Ameri- ca country. s, Co-op- er IS THE RIGHT OF ALL ... .. . . . . About the Army of Unemployed Youth Thoughts That Should Rouse the American Consdanca The facts in this editorial are from a very conservative source, The New York Times, and written by one of the watch men on the towers, Aubrey Williams, Director National Youth Administration. He writes about the lost batallion of youth. He says in part. There are 2,500,000 young people in America looking for work. Their numbers are growing. Pressing close behind them are as many more younger ones coming to take their placefe. This large fraction of American youth feelsitsclf nearly pushed off the edge of the world. The picture in detail is appalling. 300,000 are out of school, no money and not working. This great opportunity in human conservation is in danger of being lost. How shall we avoid this calamity? What sort of treatment and assistance shall we give these innocent victims of a situation which they had no part in bringing about? Here is a task for the nation which must be carried on. The urgent need in this crisis is that we shall not throw away or spoil our human resources, and particularly that we shall con serve the health and the entbuiasm of the y'ning. We must rebuild what has been destroyed. Youth is the nation's most irecious asset, now and in the years to come. We should not et a single spark of the splendid fire go out in the boredom and hopelessness and actual want of unemployment. DANGEROUS TO HAVE SUCH CONDITIONS Public Opinion believes that the nation will pay dearly for what it has done to so many of its youth. Years ago we looked upon the picture of a brutal English policeman arresting a boy for accidentally breaking a window. The lad was sent to starve and rot in prison, lost forever to the We thought that was terrible. Yesof the world. good terday we saw a picture of an American policeman arresting a stranded, wandering boy of thirteen for trying to get a ride. He was a fine, manly specimanof American youth who, but for the grace of God, might have been your boy. Away he went to jail, hopclcsdy lost to the good and beautiful world that should belong to youth. This case may be multiplied by many thousands. Other thousands are in worse places than jails, if that is possible. We believe that if Christ were to come to lost world of earth this day he would go out to this Come him and to unto me. them. them about call say youth, . this for condition.' You are not responsible Among you are to many of the finest spirits ever sent earth. Let me help you to restore your lost youth and rebuild your broken dreams. And then he would set about transforming their lives as he did fishermen. in the case of the uncouth, ragged and We believe his actions and his words would shame many a preacher and many a teacher out of their placcB and pretenattitude and tions. Too many take the holier than-tho- u untouchables. Who of as this youth tramp" army regard will souls out save who to are those go among trying among them as father Dnmien went among the lepers? Who will act in Christs stead till he comes? They must be gono to, for they cannot come to any ehurch or school or home or society untill their rags are exchanged for clothing, their hunger satisfied and some sort of social security or self help is set up for them. Thn out of them shall grow a new manhood, a new womanhood. And perhaps out of society's castaways may come new Shelleys, new Burns,' 'new Lincolns, new Edisons, and a new type of plain Americans Being our brothers keepers in this instance will pay greater dividcndsi than the banks of the Rothschilds. See the immortality that is showered upon Father Damien who lost himself among the real untouchables that ho might help them and find his own eoul. ten-year-o- ld so-call- dirt-covcr- ed In giving direct aid it be- ever, three divisions of the came apparent that men who stake (wards) had already had ' been industrious - were started a community gardcu now idling away their time. and shared the products acThus the need of constructive cording to the needs of the active work was realized for people as decided by Relief the maintenance of morale Society ward teachers who and character. President Lee visit all the homes of all residents of the ward monthly. and his counselors called the leaders of the var- These Relief Society teachers ious divisions of his stake are volunteer social workers (members of the stake high who sympatiieticafiy learn the council and bishops of the social and economic needs of wards) to whom was present- the people, both members and of the Church. ed the plan of the Bishops in which self All orders were countersigned Storehouse help activities could be spon- by the bishops of the wards. sored and from which pro- The surplus of this garden was turned over to the Bishducts could be distributed. the of M. J. ops Storehouse as a beginDrury, bishop Fifth ward of the stake, for- ning for the larger undertakmerly in the sales department ing. Each ward provided c the General Electric com- $100 in cash, a total of given direct $1,000, as a working capital. pany, was charge. An unoccupied ware- All the families of the ward house was donated by the were then visited to obtain owners for the Bishops complete information regardStorehouse. It was renovated ing the work opportunities and made available by volun- and social, religious, and ecoteer help. This was in June, nomic conditions of all the 1932. Before this time, how people. er non-memb- EXCHANGING In 1932, Utah had an abundant harvest, but prices were so low that farmers could not market the products with profit. Men from Pioneer stake, and now joined by the Salt Lake stake, visited the farmers and offered to sup PRODUCTS ply harvesting help for farm This offer was products. gladly accepted. At one time more than 250 men were transported daily to an adjoining county to assist in the harvesting of crops. CANNING THE A canning plant was established at the storehouse and men and women volunteered their help. A further project was the gathering of clothes for renovation and remaking. Also new clothes were tailored and made by volunteer work. Each person who gave help received a receipt which stated he voluntarily donated so many days work for the Bishops Storehouse. Each month, the Relief society workers visited the homes of all the people to learn the needs of the families. Orders were issued to the heads of these families for supplies to be obtained at the storehouse, according to the needs of each family and without reference to the amount of labor they had given, except that all families were urged to give GOODS according to their time and ability. These orders were counter signed by the bishop of the ward. Each month , Bishop Drury, in charge of the storehouse, issued to the bishops of the various wards, bills covering the actual cost of materials distributed to the respective wards above the value of the labor donated; for example: The actual cash outlay for the cans used for preserving fruit and the icost of doth purchased for the making of dothes or for other articles, such as cod, that was purchased in case there were no goods avrilable at the storehouse for which such products could be exchanged. These bills were paid by the bishops of the wards from fast donations and tithing funds. (Continued on page four ) |