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Show i Htdatsday, Kerch 10f 1976 Pagt 5 Mm gOflDDue MB J : Dr. Rick Williams, Park -City physician, has announced an-nounced that Medex Michael 'Anderson, a physician's assistant, has joined his staff at the Summit Medical Clinic. .. Under Dr. Williams' direct jorders and supervision, Medex Anderson , will take patient histories, perform physical examinations,-suture examinations,-suture minor lacerations, jnake laboratory tests, and complete many , other medical tasks for which he has been trained. - : Medex Anderson has just completed the first phase of training with the Utah MEDEX Project at, the University of Utah Medical Center in Salt Lake City. He is one of 17 members of the sixth class the project has trained to assist busy physicians in the ' in-termountain in-termountain area. Dr. Williams, who is a member of the clinical faculty of the University of Utah College of Medicine's Department of Family and Community Medicine, will serve as Medex Anderson's "preceptor" or teacher , for the second phase of his training During the next seven months,, Medex Anderson will receive practical training and instruction in-struction under Dr. Williams' direct and continual supervision. super-vision. After his training is. complete and he has been certified as a Medex by the Utah MEDEX Project, Medex Anderson will continue con-tinue to assist Dr. Williams in providing health care to his patients. Like all Medex, Anderson had considerable previous medical training ( and experience ex-perience before he was accepted ac-cepted for the program. Before his selection, from several hundred applicants, Medex Anderson had been trained as an Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) in Boise, Idaho, and . had worked in that capacity for (i&ira 30s) Q Q(ub (SQitfty fes lit , ambulance companies in Twin Falls, Idaho and Salt Lake City. He also served as . an orderly, in a Gooding, Idaho, nursing home and spent the last- two years before beginning MEDEX training as an EMT working in the Emergency Room of St. Mark's Hospital, Salt Lake City. While in MEDEX training, he joined the IAPA and was elected Student Representative to that Association's governing board for 1976. Born 21 years ago in Jerome, Idaho, Medex Anderson attended high school in Gooding, Idaho, graduating with honors in 1972 after spending the summer of 1971 in Finland as an exchange student. He has attended Boise State University in Idaho and the University of Utah, studying biology and other pre-med subjects. His wife Rebecca holds an Associate of Arts degree and has been trained , UVJMJ as a medical secretary. Both are involved in community activities such as scouting, and Mrs. Anderson has also done volunteer hospital work. The couple share interests in outdoor recreation, and Medex Anderson's hobbies also include model trains and carpentry. The Utah MEDEX Project, sponsored by the Department of Family and Community Medicine and the Utah State Medical Association, was established at the University of Utah Medical Center in June, 1971. It is a part of a nationwide network of MEDEX projects currently located in Seattle, Washington; Los Angeles, Calif.; Washington, D.C.; Charleston, S.C.; Hershey, Pa.; and Honolulu, Ha. The Utah MEDEX Project has been fully accredited by the American Medical Association as a program to train primary . care physicians' assistants. UXDh (IBuraf P01? PDDgdO0dd ddOi?0D ' Of the three major categories of water pollution in the state municipal, industrial and agricultural the first two are well on the way to control. . About 98 percent of Utah's population is now provided with sewer facilities. Nearly all existing industrial point sources of pollution, and municipal treatment ; effluents, ef-fluents, are under compliance com-pliance ' schedules to eliminate contamination . of the state's waterways. Now it's agriculture's turn. ' Agriculture is the largest source of man-caused water pollution in the state. In Utah's cleanup campaign of more than two decades, however, it has been largely unapproached for control. - An economic Kingpin of the state, agriculture is by far Utah's largest water user. Annual Utah water diversion for agricultural use ; is almost five million acre feet. That's ten times the volume for all municipal and industrial uses combined (500,000 acre feet), according to the Utah Water Resources Division.' : The massive contribution of agricultural pollution was substantiated in six basin-wide basin-wide water quality studies completed last year by the Utah State Health Division. These analyzed entire drainages of the Bear, Colorado, Jordan, Sevier, Virgin and Weber Rivers all of the state except the west desert area. 1 Agriculture was found to be the predominant source of contamination in the r Bear, much of the Utah Lake-Jordan Lake-Jordan River system. It was considered the primary source " of . high fecal contamination con-tamination in the Virgin River Basin. Only in the Colorado River Basin was agricultural pollution determined secondary to other sources (salinity was the major problem there, much from natural sources). ,' Municipal, industrial and other pollution elements brought under control so far are primarily point sources (discharges through pipes, conduits, ditches or other concentrated outlets). Of the state's 6,000 miles or less of permanent streams, "less than 20 miles of Utah stream - is known to be degraded primarily because of point sources," according to the health division. It reports ; a total estimated 250 miles -of stream are degraded in the state. tThis means 2,230 miles degraded by nonpoint sources (or point sources yet to be identified). Agriculture is apparently the largest man-caused man-caused component of non-point non-point pollution. It's contamination contribution con-tribution comes in two major ways. '. : ., . The massive diversions of water from streams for irrigation leaves remaining flow with less dilution and greater concentration of contaminants. "Reduced flow degrades an estimated 890 miles of Utah streams," the division's annual report states. Irrigation return flow (and stormwater runoff) can carry manure, fertilizer, organic residue, soil sediments and other farm wastes into streams, causing severe and progressive deterioration in Y TRY THE SCOTT BOOT 5 V BEFORE YOU BUY I X Ask about our B00b(KUt3 Tx I demo program SKlOUTFTTERs I 0 649-9123 A water quality, according to the basin study specialists. They also reported cases in which manure is deliberately dumped into streams to get rid of it. This and all other farming and ranching practices contributing to water pollution will be examined with a view to correction measures, according to directors of the local 208 areawide , water quality projects now underway in Utah. . These teams of locally selected specialists, under local direction and largely independent of federal or state control, will also probe other diffuse sources of pollution, such as mining, forest activity and solid waste disposal.' With local public participation, par-ticipation, they will determine deter-mine control methods, combine these with existing control procedures in each area, and devise an .overall water quality management and enforcement program for . local adoption within two .years. " "V; , These local 208 programs will chart the course of water pollution cleanup in Utah for the next decade or more. The 208 project leaders in the six areas designated so far (with 100 percent federal financing) include Dr. Courtney Brewer, . Helper (Carbon, Emery and Grand Counties); George J: Scott, Provo (Utah, Summit and Wasatch) ; Graham Shirra, Ogden (Weber and Davis) ; Neal F. Christensen, St. s George - (Beaver Garfield, Kanej Washington and .Iron) ; 1 1 ' ' f1 T T ; iiiHiun : . t. - narrison, Roosevelt (Duchesne, Uintah and Daggett); and Dr. David W. Eckhoff, Salt Lake City (Salt Lake County). , (State Health Division personnel . will conduct 208 programs in undesignated areas, with state funds now expected to include Tooele, San Juan, Juab, Sanpete, Millard, Sevier . and Piute counties). Planning horizon for the 208 projects is 20 years, according ac-cording to- Dr. Brewer, director of the Carbon-Emery-Grand program and chairman of a coordinating1 committee formed by the independent 208 agencies. . "This isn't a one-shot approach. ap-proach. The control process will be a continuing function," func-tion," Dr. Brewer said, Vlt will review population projects and county master plans. It will reconsider land-use land-use planning from the perspective per-spective of minimizing water degradation." Control of municipal, industrial in-dustrial and other point sources was approached through "best available technology," with structures, chemical and mechanical means of decontaminating wastewater or confining it. Dr. Brewer said such techniques generally are inapplicable to the diffuse sources of contamination from agriculture, mining, forestry, logging, recreation, construction and solid waste disposal. '' v Control of these sources will focus on "best management practices," he said. , This primarily involves changes in land management with the aim of protecting waterways, according to Mr. Scott, director of the 208 program for Utah, Summit and Wasatch counties. ' Agricultural pollution is the major problem in that area, he reported. , "The 208 programs could bring changes in the habits of a lifetime for farmers, ranchers, miners, loggers and many other rural occupations oc-cupations and activities," Mr. Scott said. He explained that water quality improvement to meet .1983 clean-water goals will involve consideration of pressure irrigation to minimize runoff (as well as conserve water and reduce destructively high water tables in some areas). The projects will consider the possibility of bunkers to isolate manure and other refuse from water contact or runoff, changes in utilization and protection of streamside property (such as fencing in heavy-use areas), proper application of fertilizers (in the right amounts at the right times) as well as ohanges in irrigation practices, he said. The biological contamination con-tamination from manure in streams (measured by conforms and fecal coliforms) can be a health threat, according to the health division. Along with other organic and chemical residue, it also increases the biochemical oxygen demand ( BOD ) , depleting the water of oxygen required for its decomposition. ' With lack of oxygen, sensitive sen-sitive fish species and other aquatic life die off. Desireable vegetation dwindles to be replaced with hardier, but less valuable, , varieties: ''J ,r 'bRW 'WO The organic and chemical pollution from farms and ranches, including fertilizer runoff, are also nutrients that speed the age process (eutrophication) of reservoirs, reser-voirs, where they come to rest. This causes a proliferation of noxious algae, seasonally flourishing and dying out, depleting the water of 'still more oxygen in the decay process. Streams and reservoirs are thus destroyed by pollutant and 'nutrient loadings they cannot accommodate. They become unable to sustain normal aquatic and plant life. They become murky and gray with suspended solids. They become dangerous to human contact in some areas. Typically starting out with pristine, sparkling purity at the headwaters, streams are degraded with progressive abuse until they become unfit for culinary use or recreation and, in some stretches, even too polluted for irrigation. The magnitude of agricultural and other nonpoint pollution in the state was documented in the basin-wide basin-wide studies, carried out under state direction by various consultant firms of water specialists. Consultants' reports repeatedly pointed to agricultural pollution as the major source of -stream degradation. Excerpts from their reports include: V Weber River Basin "Pollution in the waters of the Weber Basin is due primarily to nonpoint sources of pasture and grazing lands All reservoirs are classified' as eutrophic (deterioration due largely to . Supplying th Park City area with ft Furnishings ft Carpeting. ftDrtipirtos ft Condominium KHchn-Bdding-Accssory Packages Original Designer and suppliers of Crescent Ridge, Payday, Park Avenue, Claimjumper, and Treasure Mountain Moun-tain Village Condominiums, ) Located at Resort CenterSilver Mill House , 1 284 Empire Avenue Park City, Utah 84060 (801) 649-8888 excess ot nutrients) ..: Grazing and pasture lands of the upper Weber Basin watersheds are the source' of these pollutants ... The effect of the nutrient wastes is nuisance algae growth, rooted aquatic plant growth, high organic content, noxious odors and taste, rapid siltation in the bottom ... An acre of pasture contributes seven times the amount of fecal coliforms as an acre of Weber septic tank area." Bear River Basin "Agricultural activities have the greatest contamination impact on the Bear River ... In specific reaches, poor water quality has no identifiable iden-tifiable source and in many cases must be attributed to lateral. inflows associated with agricultural activities such as feedlots, grazing, irrigation and fertilizer application s... Studies have shown that coliforms from (animal) feedlots cause significant effects in downstream down-stream quality ... Feedlots and dairies are often located ' adjacent to streams to ease the solid waste disposal problem: manures are emptied directly into the s'treams." Sevier River Basin "Agricultural activities have the greatest pollution effect on the. river, with BOD, sediments, coliforms and nutrients in runoff waters, particularly from feedlot and dairy operations ... Feedlots and dairies are often located adjacent to streams and, to ease the solid waste disposal problem, manures are emptied emp-tied directly into the streams Heavy .... re-use of agricritura'Water is by far the greatest cause of water degradation in the basin." Virgin River Basin "Indices of bacterial contamination con-tamination are high (coliform and fecal coliform), showing a high input of fecal matter ... Since St. George has the only major wastewater treatment plant on the river, it is concluded the high pollution probably results from runoff or direct fecal . contamination by animals, most probably those animals in feedlot and dairy operations or grazing animals." A similar component of agricultural pollution was found in kthe Utah Lake-Jordan Lake-Jordan River system. After the surveys, the specialists formally recommended: Feedlots should be located away from streams and be required to prevent discharges and runoff of animal wastes. Disposal of manures as 1 fertilizer should be required. No agricultural developments, roads or other construction ... should be allowed adjacent to the rivers. A "greenbelt," 100 feet wide, should be established on both sides of the rivers, with natural vegetation, which would serve as "a biological filter to minimize inputs of BOD, sediments, nutrients and coliforms from neighboring activities." These recommendations, along with other findings and conclusions from current 208 studies, will be taken into consideration by the 208 project teams in formulating a management and control program for local consideration con-sideration in each area, ' according to Dr. Brewer. Design Coalition Interior Design and Gifts |